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全产业链产能竞速、订单落地、政策加码 钠电迎来磷酸铁锂时刻?

苏启桃 2026-09-21 08:40
苏启桃 2026/09/21 08:40

邦小白快读

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你可通过本文清晰了解钠电产业真实发展阶段,避免被片面炒作信息误导。

1. 目前钠电全产业链正密集扩产,从上游电池铝箔、硬碳负极、正负极材料、电解液到下游电芯,宁德时代、比亚迪、传艺科技等头部企业均公布了2025-2027年分阶段产能计划,多款钠电新品集中发布。

2. 本轮热度来自订单与政策双驱动,宁德时代签下全球最大60GWh储能钠电长单,国内外订单已初具规模;钠电被纳入国家十五五战略性新兴产业,获得独立海关编码、享受消费税免征扶持。

你需要理性看待钠电的爆发预期。

1. 当前钠电尚未进入全面商业化阶段,行业先行者仍存在产能利用率极低、业务深度亏损的问题,生产成本略高于磷酸铁锂,短期将率先在储能场景落地,全面替代锂电尚需时间。

2. 钠电真正爆发,要看头部企业量产后的交付良率、碳酸锂价格能否站稳高位、框架订单实际转化情况,目前行业仅处于起跑阶段。

钠电赛道的最新动态,可为新能源品牌的战略布局、产品研发、市场竞争提供明确参考。

1. 应用趋势上,储能是钠电最先规模化落地的场景,核心优势为安全性高、宽温域适配、倍率性能好,短期因能量密度局限暂不适合长续航动力电池场景,后续将逐步向新能源车、智能终端、工程机械等多场景渗透。

2. 产品研发端可重点关注硬碳负极、高达因电池铝箔、钠电电解液等核心材料迭代,以及大容量储能钠电系统、大圆柱钠电池、无负极钠电池等新品方向,提前布局技术储备。

品牌布局赛道需找准竞争节奏,强化品牌认知。

1. 钠电替代经济性与碳酸锂价格强绑定,当碳酸锂价格突破16万元/吨时成本优势才会凸显,当前层状氧化物钠电池成本略高于磷酸铁锂,暂不适合发起全面价格竞争。

2. 可借政策东风强化赛道认知,钠电是国家重点扶持方向,提前绑定大客户落地标杆储能订单,可快速建立行业品牌影响力。

钠电产业的快速发展,为贸易类、渠道类卖家明确了增量市场、政策红利,也提示了经营风险。

1. 增量市场空间明确,据机构测算2026-2028年全球钠电需求年复合增速达183%,2030年全球市场规模将达580GWh,短期核心需求集中在储能场景;上游配套材料需求增速快,比如钠电铝箔2025-2030年需求复合增速达123.4%,是确定性较强的增量赛道。

2. 政策红利持续释放,钠电被纳入十五五规划重点方向,获得独立海关编码、享受消费税免征,出海通道打通,海外多国加速落地钠电项目,跨境钠电贸易存在明确机会。

卖家布局时要理性判断,找准合作方向。

1. 需警惕行业风险,当前钠电整体产能利用率偏低、加工成本高、规模效应不足,碳酸锂价格波动会直接影响钠电性价比,不要盲目跟风囤货炒货。

2. 可优先对接持有明确大额在手订单的头部电芯企业、储能集成商合作,参考头部企业绑定长单、布局海外渠道的模式,避免承接无实际终端需求的虚高产能合作。

钠电全产业链扩产潮,为生产制造类工厂明确了产品方向、产能规划节奏,也提供了可参考的生产经验。

1. 核心产品需求清晰,2026年硬碳负极将成为钠电供应链紧缺环节,工厂可重点布局硬碳负极、高达因电池铝箔、复合焦磷酸铁钠正极、钠电电解液等上游材料产能;电芯端可重点落地大容量叠片方壳钠电池、全极耳大圆柱钠电池、长循环储能钠电系统等成熟工艺产品。

2. 产能规划要匹配下游节奏,头部电芯企业钠电产能集中在2026-2027年释放,如宁德时代计划2026年四季度实现规模量产,比亚迪徐州基地2027年全部达产,工厂可结合客户分阶段订单安排产能爬坡,避免过早投入造成产能闲置。

工厂可借鉴成熟经验优化生产模式。

1. 可参考传艺科技的一体化生产思路,布局电芯、核心材料自产能力,更好控制加工成本,跨过规模临界点后快速降本。

2. 生产端要匹配场景需求,针对储能场景重点强化产品安全性、宽温域适应性、长循环性能,后续再逐步适配其他多场景标准。

钠电处于商业化起步关键节点,为各类产业服务商明确了行业趋势、客户核心痛点,可针对性打造适配服务方案。

1. 行业增长趋势明确,2026年是钠电从示范迈向规模化落地的关键拐点,未来三年全球钠电需求年复合增速达183%,全产业链企业正加快产能建设、技术迭代、市场拓展,相关服务需求将快速释放。

2. 当前客户存在明确痛点,一是多数企业钠电业务产能利用率极低、处于深度亏损,加工成本高、规模效应不足,亟需生产数字化改造、供应链优化、良率提升等降本增效服务;二是钠电在储能并网、海外出口、场景适配等方面缺乏成熟服务,检测认证、合规、出海配套等服务缺口明显。

服务商可围绕新技术、新政策打造服务产品。

1. 针对硬碳负极、无负极钠电池、大容量储能钠电系统等新技术路线,可提前布局技术检测、知识产权、中试配套等服务。

2. 围绕钠电消费税免征、独立海关编码的政策变化,打造财税合规、跨境供应链服务,帮助企业对接项目资源,解决订单转化不足问题。

钠电产业的规模化起步,为各类产业平台、电商平台带来新的招商运营方向,也明确了需要规避的行业风险。

1. 招商可紧扣产业节奏,重点引入三类商家:一是布局硬碳负极、钠电铝箔、钠电电解液等紧缺上游材料的生产企业,二是拥有成熟钠电产品的电芯及储能集成商,三是具备海外钠电订单资源的跨境贸易商家,匹配当前产业扩产、出海的核心需求。

2. 运营可打造专属服务场景,搭建供需对接专区,对接储能采购方、新能源车企等终端客户与上游供应商,解决产业链信息不对称、订单转化不足的问题;配套推出政策解读、合规指引服务,帮助商家吃透产业规划、税收优惠等政策红利。

平台要做好风向规避,保障生态健康。

1. 警惕钠电概念炒作风险,严格筛选入驻商家,优先引入有实际产能、真实订单、扎实技术的企业,清退无供货能力的炒概念商家。

2. 及时传递碳酸锂价格波动、钠电成本变化、终端需求进度等信息,引导商家理性布局产能,避免盲目扩产造成资源浪费。

当前钠电处于商业化前期关键节点,呈现出多个值得关注的产业新动向、新问题,具备较高跟踪研究价值。

1. 产业发展出现明确新动向,全产业链呈现预期先行的扩产特征,从上游材料到下游电芯均密集公布产能规划,核心驱动来自头部企业长单示范、政策加码、全球各国抢占下一代电池技术制高点的战略布局;据测算2026-2028年全球钠电需求年复合增速达183%,2026年是从示范迈向规模化落地的关键拐点,储能为率先落地的核心场景。

2. 钠电起量路径与磷酸铁锂存在明显差异,磷酸铁锂起量是材料成熟、成本下行、新能源车放量三者共振的结果,而当前钠电热度更多是锂价回升、政策鼓励、头部订单带动的预期行情,2026年硬碳负极将成为供应链紧缺环节。

产业暴露的新问题值得持续研究。

1. 当前钠电产业存在产能利用率低、企业深度亏损、加工成本高、规模效应不足的问题,钠电渗透节奏与碳酸锂价格强绑定,系统平价尚未实现,终端需求存在不确定性,订单转化率、头部企业量产后的良率将直接决定产业节奏。

2. 国内已从多维度构建政策支撑体系,全球主要经济体均在加速本土钠电布局,后续可围绕供应链安全、成本下降路径、场景渗透节奏开展深度研究。

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Quick Summary

This article cuts through one-sided hype to provide a clear-eyed view of where the sodium-ion battery industry actually stands in its development.

1. The entire sodium-ion battery value chain is currently in the midst of a concentrated capacity expansion push, spanning upstream battery aluminum foil, hard carbon anodes, cathode/anode materials, and electrolyte all the way to downstream cell manufacturing. Industry leaders including CATL, BYD, and Transimage Technology have released phased capacity plans spanning 2025 to 2027, alongside a wave of new sodium-ion battery product launches.

2. The current wave of industry momentum is driven by both order demand and policy support: CATL has signed the world’s largest long-term sodium-ion energy storage order totaling 60GWh, with a critical mass of domestic and international orders already taking shape. Meanwhile, sodium-ion batteries have been designated a strategic emerging industry under China’s 15th Five-Year Plan, granted an independent customs HS code, and made eligible for consumption tax exemptions.

Readers should maintain rational expectations for the sector’s projected growth.

1. Sodium-ion batteries have not yet reached full commercialization. Early industry participants still face extremely low capacity utilization rates and deep operating losses, and current production costs are slightly higher than those of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. In the near term, the technology will first be deployed in energy storage scenarios; widespread replacement of lithium-ion batteries remains a long-term prospect.

2. The real inflection point for sodium-ion batteries will depend on delivery yields after leaders scale mass production, whether lithium carbonate prices hold at elevated levels, and the actual conversion rate of framework orders to confirmed sales. For now, the industry remains at the starting line.

The latest developments in the sodium-ion battery track provide clear reference points for new energy brands’ strategic planning, R&D roadmaps, and competitive positioning.

1. On the application front, energy storage is the first scenario where sodium-ion batteries will achieve large-scale deployment, thanks to core advantages including high safety, wide operating temperature range, and strong rate performance. Due to near-term limitations in energy density, the technology is not yet suited for long-range electric vehicle power batteries, but will gradually penetrate additional scenarios including new energy vehicles, smart terminals, and construction machinery over time.

2. For product R&D, teams should prioritize tracking iterations of core materials such as hard carbon anodes, high-dyne battery aluminum foil, and sodium-ion electrolyte, as well as next-generation product directions including large-capacity sodium-ion energy storage systems, large cylindrical sodium-ion cells, and anode-free sodium-ion batteries, to build technical reserves ahead of the curve.

Brands entering the track should pace their competitive moves deliberately and build clear brand recognition.

1. The cost competitiveness of sodium-ion batteries as a lithium alternative is strongly tied to lithium carbonate prices: its cost advantage only becomes clear when lithium carbonate exceeds RMB 160,000 per ton. Currently, layered-oxide sodium-ion batteries carry slightly higher costs than LFP, making broad-based price competition an unwise near-term strategy.

2. Brands can leverage favorable policy tailwinds to build category recognition: as sodium-ion technology is a national priority development area, securing landmark energy storage orders with large anchor clients early on will allow players to rapidly establish industry reputation and influence.

The rapid growth of the sodium-ion battery industry clarifies high-growth market opportunities and policy dividends for trade and channel sellers, while also highlighting key operating risks to avoid.

1. The incremental market opportunity is well defined: industry projections put the global sodium-ion battery demand CAGR at 183% from 2026 to 2028, with total global market size reaching 580GWh by 2030. Near-term demand will be concentrated in energy storage scenarios. Upstream supporting materials are seeing even faster demand growth—for example, sodium-ion battery aluminum foil is projected to post a 123.4% demand CAGR from 2025 to 2030, making it a high-certainty incremental segment.

2. Policy dividends continue to roll out: sodium-ion batteries have been named a priority sector under the 15th Five-Year Plan, granted independent customs codes and consumption tax exemptions, clearing barriers for cross-border trade. Multiple overseas markets are accelerating sodium-ion project deployment, creating tangible opportunities for cross-border sodium-ion product trade.

Sellers entering the space should make rational judgments and target high-quality partnership opportunities.

1. Guard against industry risks: current sector-wide capacity utilization remains low, processing costs are high, and economies of scale have not yet materialized. Fluctuations in lithium carbonate prices will directly shift sodium-ion batteries’ cost performance, so blind speculative hoarding and inventory hype are not advisable.

2. Prioritize partnerships with leading cell manufacturers and energy storage system integrators that hold confirmed large-scale on-hand orders. Follow top players’ playbook of locking in long-term orders and building overseas channel presence, and avoid cooperation tied to inflated capacity with no underlying end-user demand.

The ongoing capacity expansion wave across the sodium-ion battery value chain provides clear guidance for manufacturing factories on product direction, capacity planning timelines, and actionable production best practices.

1. Core product demand is well defined: hard carbon anodes will emerge as a supply chain bottleneck starting in 2026, so factories can prioritize building capacity for upstream materials including hard carbon anodes, high-dyne battery aluminum foil, composite sodium iron pyrophosphate cathodes, and sodium-ion electrolyte. On the cell production side, focus can be placed on commercially mature products including large-capacity stacked prismatic sodium-ion cells, full-tab large cylindrical sodium-ion cells, and long-cycle-life sodium-ion energy storage systems.

2. Capacity planning should be aligned with downstream deployment timelines: leading cell manufacturers are scheduled to bring sodium-ion capacity online between 2026 and 2027—for example, CATL targets mass production scale-up in the fourth quarter of 2026, while BYD’s Xuzhou base is set to reach full production capacity in 2027. Factories should schedule capacity ramp-ups to match phased customer orders to avoid idle capacity from premature investment.

Factories can draw on proven operating models to optimize production.

1. Adopt the integrated production model pioneered by Transimage Technology, building in-house production capacity for both cells and core materials to better control processing costs and achieve rapid cost reduction once scale thresholds are crossed.

2. Align production specifications with scenario requirements: for energy storage use cases, prioritize enhancing product safety, wide temperature range adaptability, and long cycle life, before expanding to meet the technical standards of other application scenarios over time.

Sodium-ion batteries are at a critical inflection point of early commercialization, creating clear visibility into industry trends and core client pain points for industrial service providers to design targeted, fit-for-purpose service offerings.

1. Sector growth trends are clear: 2026 will mark a key inflection point as sodium-ion batteries move from demonstration projects to large-scale deployment, with global demand projected to grow at a 183% CAGR over the next three years. Companies across the value chain are accelerating capacity construction, technology iteration, and market expansion, driving rapid growth in demand for related supporting services.

2. Clients currently face two clear, high-priority pain points: first, most companies’ sodium-ion businesses operate with extremely low capacity utilization and deep losses, weighed down by high processing costs and insufficient economies of scale, creating urgent demand for cost-reduction and efficiency-improvement services including digital production transformation, supply chain optimization, and yield improvement. Second, the market lacks mature services supporting sodium-ion energy storage grid connection, overseas export, and scenario adaptation, leaving notable gaps in testing and certification, compliance, and go-to-global supporting services.

Service providers can build targeted offerings aligned with emerging technologies and new policy frameworks.

1. For new technology routes including hard carbon anodes, anode-free sodium-ion cells, and large-capacity sodium-ion energy storage systems, proactively build out service capabilities in technical testing, intellectual property support, and pilot production line support.

2. In response to policy changes including sodium-ion battery consumption tax exemptions and the launch of independent customs codes, develop tailored services for fiscal and tax compliance and cross-border supply chain support, to help clients connect with project resources and address low order conversion rates.

The early-stage large-scale development of the sodium-ion battery industry creates new merchant acquisition and operating directions for industrial platforms and e-commerce platforms, while also highlighting key industry risks to mitigate for ecosystem health.

1. Align merchant acquisition with industry development rhythms, prioritizing three categories of sellers: first, manufacturers of high-demand upstream materials including hard carbon anodes, sodium-ion battery aluminum foil, and sodium-ion electrolyte; second, cell makers and energy storage system integrators with commercially mature sodium-ion products; third, cross-border trade merchants with access to overseas sodium-ion order resources, to match the core industry needs of capacity expansion and global market expansion.

2. For platform operations, build dedicated service scenarios: set up dedicated supply-demand matchmaking zones to connect end customers such as energy storage procurement teams and new energy vehicle makers with upstream suppliers, addressing value chain information asymmetry and low order conversion rates. Roll out supporting services including policy interpretation and compliance guidance to help merchants fully capture benefits from industrial planning support and tax incentives.

Platforms should proactively guard against market speculation to maintain a healthy ecosystem.

1. Guard against sodium-ion concept hype risks: implement strict screening for onboarding merchants, prioritizing companies with actual production capacity, verified orders, and solid technical capabilities, while removing concept-play merchants with no real supply capacity.

2. Disseminate timely updates on lithium carbonate price fluctuations, sodium-ion cost changes, and end-user demand progress to guide merchants to make rational capacity plans and avoid resource waste from blind overexpansion.

Sodium-ion batteries are currently at a critical pre-commercialization stage, marked by a series of notable new industry trends and unresolved issues that carry high ongoing research value.

1. Clear new industry dynamics are emerging: the entire value chain is exhibiting an "expectations-first" expansion pattern, with players from upstream materials to downstream cell manufacturing all announcing aggressive capacity plans. Core drivers include long-term order demonstrations from leading firms, intensified policy support, and strategic competition among global economies to capture leadership in next-generation battery technology. Industry projections point to a 183% CAGR for global sodium-ion demand between 2026 and 2028, with 2026 marking a key inflection point from demonstration projects to large-scale deployment, and energy storage serving as the core lead application scenario.

2. The scale-up path of sodium-ion batteries differs markedly from that of lithium iron phosphate: LFP’s mass adoption was driven by the aligned tailwinds of material maturity, falling costs, and surging new energy vehicle demand. By contrast, current sodium-ion market momentum is largely an expectations-driven cycle spurred by rising lithium prices, policy support, and high-profile orders from industry leaders, with hard carbon anodes set to become a supply chain bottleneck starting in 2026.

Emerging structural challenges in the sector warrant sustained research attention.

1. The sodium-ion industry currently faces widespread low capacity utilization, deep corporate losses, high processing costs, and insufficient economies of scale. The penetration pace of sodium-ion technology is strongly tied to lithium carbonate price trends, system-level cost parity has not yet been achieved, end demand remains uncertain, and both order conversion rates and production yields after leading players scale mass production will directly shape the industry’s development timeline.

2. China has already built a multi-dimensional policy support system for the sector, while major global economies are accelerating domestic sodium-ion industry layout. Future research can focus in depth on supply chain security, cost reduction pathways, and scenario penetration timelines.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

I am a Brand Seller Factory Service Provider Marketplace Seller Researcher Read it again.

目前只看到一个清晰的起跑信号。

9月17日,永臻股份(603381.SH)发布公告称,公司拟5.97亿元投建年产6万吨成品电池铝箔项目,锚定下游各类电池日益增长的需求。这其中,公司重点提及钠离子电池。

这并非孤案。笔者粗略梳理近期公告发现,从电池铝箔、硬碳负极到正极材料、电芯制造,钠电产业链上几乎每个环节都在密集官宣产能动作。而这背后,是自今年4月宁德时代(300750.SZ、03750.HK)与海博思创(688411.SH)签下三年60GWh储能钠电长协订单以来,各类订单接连落地,政策端也在持续加码。

步入商业化阶段的钠电,真的迎来自己的“磷酸铁锂时刻”了吗?

全产业链布局产能者众

把时间拨回最近一周,钠电产业链扩产公告几乎是“日更”节奏。

9月15日,神火股份(000933.SZ)公告,拟借款3.72亿元向全资子公司神火新材增资,资金将部分投向年产5万吨钠离子高性能电池铝箔项目。同日,万顺新材(300057.SZ)披露,公司自主研发的高达因电池铝箔已应用于新型钠电池负极,今年6月底开始进入中批量供货阶段;安徽生产基地已具备部分产能,并在河南、江苏基地展开产能布局,将根据下游客户需求逐步实施。

同一天,四川省青神县自然资源局对浙江钠创新能源西南地区总部基地产业化项目规划设计方案开展批前公示。该项目首批生产产品钠电池正极材料-复合焦磷酸铁钠,规划产能4万吨/年,分阶段实施。一阶段投资1.70亿元,计划2028年8月前建成1.3万吨/年产能;二阶段投资2.50亿元,将建成2.7万吨/年产能。

再往前,翔丰华(300890.SZ)抛出6亿元定增方案(注册稿),拟投向年产9.3万吨新能源电池负极材料项目,其中就包含2700吨/年硬碳负极扩产项目——这正是当前钠电负极的主流选择。

9月7日,新宙邦(300037.SZ)官网发布重庆新宙邦电池化学品二期项目环评公示,项目投资8516万元,建成后将新增锂电池电解液20万吨/年、钠电池电解液5万吨/年、碳酸乙烯酯0.6万吨/年产能……

配套材料扩产的背景是,钠电池电芯端产能规划持续累加。根据传艺科技(002866.SZ)最新披露的定增审核问询回复公告,宁德时代福鼎基地拥有25GWh锂电/钠电共线产能,计划2026Q4实现钠电池规模量产,2026年钠电产能目标5GWh;传艺科技现有钠电池产能4.5GWh,拥有电芯、正负极材料和电解液等钠电池核心组件一体化生产制造能力;中科海钠现有产能1GWh,2026年预计提升至3GWh;众钠能源眉山基地一期1万吨正极及2GWh钠电池Pack项目已投产,2026年目标2GWh。

而更早布局的比亚迪,其徐州钠电基地项目总规划30GWh,分两期各15GWh,计划2027年全部实现达产。

9月16日,吉厚科技也在其公众号官宣,旗下宜兴吉钠能源技术有限公司一期1GWh产能的大容量叠片方壳钠电池项目即将投产。该项目整体规划总产能5GWh,二期规划4GWh,计划于2027年5月正式投产。

产能落地的同时,新品也在扎堆发布。就在9月16日,海辰储能正式推出搭载N785Ah大容量钠电池的4MWh钠电储能系统,设计服役周期达30年,计划2027年开启全链条量产交付。同日,总投资约5亿元的钠美科技1.5GWh全极耳大圆柱钠离子电池智能产线在巴中投产。投产仪式上,该公司还发布了330Ah“钠久”储能钠电池,以及“钠行”无负极钠电池。

宁德时代则早在上半年就已公开钠新电池参数,支持峰值5C充电,能量密度175Wh/kg,常温循环15000次。

一个值得注意的信号是,硬碳负极正成为2026年钠电供应链中较为紧缺的环节。据鑫椤钠电数据,2025年我国钠电硬碳负极产量约5400吨,同比增长105%;2025年钠电负极实际落地产能约2.8万吨,产能利用率整体偏低,预计2026年落地产能将突破6万吨,产能利用率显著提升。

订单和政策双轮驱动

全产业链产能竞速的另一面,是钠电合作订单持续落地。

标志性事件发生在今年4月27日。宁德时代与海博思创在福建宁德签署协议,锁定未来三年总计60GWh储能钠离子电池供货订单——这是迄今为止全球规模最大的钠电商业订单。据宁德时代披露,公司9月已开始向客户交付首批钠电储能系统,预计2026年实现GWh级出货,国际交付则计划从2027年6月启动。

此后,海外合作框架接踵而至。7月21日,宁德时代与东欧能源企业Solarpro签署2GWh钠电储能协议;加上此前与欧洲集成商Alfen达成的5GWh项目,“宁王”在手的海外钠电订单已具规模。

国内其他钠电企业也在出海破冰。9月2日,中科海钠与韩国VOLTA株式会社签署战略合作协议,在前期15MWh储能示范项目基础上,推动五年10GWh长期供货协议落地。

与此同时,海外本土企业也官宣多项大型订单,典型的如Alsym Energy连续签下8.5GWh、9.0GWh全球钠电项目,Peak Energy签署4.5GWh储能项目等。

把这些订单加总,量级已经不容忽视。另据第三方不完全统计,2026年至今,仅国内已有16起钠电储能合作,订单总规模接近100GWh(不含公开招标中标项目)。

国金证券分析师姚遥表示,据测算,2026-2028年全球钠电需求将达18/59/148GWh,CAGR达183%,2026年预计为产业化示范迈向规模化落地的关键商业化拐点,有望创阶段性增速峰值。起点钠电更是预测,全球钠电池市场规模将从2025年的6.2GWh增至2030年的580GWh。

各环节上企业加码产能,即以钠电池的未来需求为依据。以永臻股份为例,其在公告中直言,按照钠电池1GWh需要600-900吨铝箔保守测算,2025年全球钠电池铝箔需求量约为0.37-0.56万吨,2030年为20.70-31.05万吨,复合增速预计达到123.4%。

政策端的暖风同样密集。梳理来看,钠电池已被正式纳入国家“十五五”规划纲要,列为战略性新兴产业重点方向;《新型储能规模化建设专项行动方案》提出,到2027年全国新型储能装机规模达1.8亿千瓦以上;国标GB/T 44265也将钠电纳入用户侧电化学储能系统并网验收使用载体,被业内视为打通商业化“最后一公里”;几天前的9月15日,工信部、国家发改委引发《电子信息制造业发展“十五五”规划》,其中明确提到,提升新型电池全产业链创新能力,巩固锂电池竞争优势,持续推进固态电池、钠电池、液流电池、燃料电池等产业化,推动新型电池智能化、绿色化、融合化发展,支持新型电池在智能终端、新能源汽车、船舶、航空、智能机器人、工程机械、农机装备等场景应用。

且就在9月1日,一项容易被忽略的制度变化悄然落地:根据海关总署公告,钠离子蓄电池正式获得独立海关商品编号,结束了长期依附通用蓄电池大类、与其他电池混报的历史。

与此同时,钠电还进入了消费税免征窗口,而锂电池等成熟品类则结束了十余年的免税期、开始阶梯复征。一征一免之间,钠电的产业坐标被重新定义。

值得注意的是,姚遥提到,全球主要经济体正将钠离子电池视为保障能源安全、实现供应链自主的关键技术。各国纷纷出台战略规划与激励政策,通过立法、补贴、研发支持等多种手段,加速本土钠电产业链的构建。虽然具体路径各有侧重,但核心目标高度一致:抢占下一代电池技术的战略制高点,在这场新兴赛道的竞争中取得领先地位。

“磷酸铁锂时刻”真的来了吗?

热闹归热闹,但钠电能不能复制磷酸铁锂2020年前后的起量曲线,业内显然还有分歧。

最直接的例证,来自钠电先行者自己的财报。以传艺科技为例,其在最新的问询函回复中披露,2023-2025年、2026H1,公司钠电业务产能利用率分别仅为9.57%、3.09%、3.73%和6.51%,长期处于极低水平;同期毛利率分别为-61.31%、-256.44%、-279.81%和-85.31%,虽今年上半年亏损幅度收窄,但深度亏损的局面并未扭转。2024年末,公司已对钠电资产组计提减值准备1.23亿元,2025年末该业务资产组账面价值仍有8.14亿元。

传艺科技表示,2023-2025年产能利用率偏低,主要原因是碳酸锂价格从2022年底约59万元/吨的高位,急速下跌至2025年约6万元/吨——钠电最核心的成本替代逻辑,一度被锂价暴跌对冲。直到2025年下半年,碳酸锂价格才回升至约19万元/吨。

“钠电的渗透节奏,很大程度取决于锂电池的成本表现。如果碳酸锂价格回落,钠电只能局限在细分场景;如果碳酸锂价格持续走高,钠电的应用空间就会打开。”远景科技集团高级副总裁田庆军也向笔者直言,目前钠电成本高主要是正负极材料加工成本高、行业整体规模不足,但一旦规模跨过临界点,成本会快速下降。

国金证券的测算也提供了一个量化参考:当碳酸锂价格突破16万元/吨时,锂电池的规模成本优势或收窄。2026年以来,碳酸锂运行于10-20万元/吨区间,钠电替代磷酸铁锂的经济性临界点已实质性突破。但报告同时指出,按当前原材料价格测算,层状氧化物钠电池成本约0.4215元/Wh,仍略高于磷酸铁锂电池的0.4134元/Wh。钠电的BOM直接材料成本虽低约10%,但加工成本、规模效应尚未跟上,系统平价尚未完全到来。

值得一提的是,碳酸锂价格在今年5月中旬创下阶段高点后,已经震荡回落至12万元/吨附近。某中大型储能企业负责人提醒,锂电成本整体仍呈下行趋势,今年属于特殊年份,不排除有资本炒作造成原材料价格大幅波动;同时也要警惕国际环境带来的风险,国内新能源产业发展成果突出,外部的“卡脖子”风险不一定局限在技术层面,上游原材料也可能成为制约手段。

多位产业链人士还向笔者表达了同一个判断:钠电的需求释放,终究要看下游客户的真实落地意愿。在月初举办的2026动力电池大会宁德时代展区,其工作人员就告诉笔者:“钠电池能否搭载,主要看车企意愿,取决于钠电池是否适配车型,以及电池搭载、拼接方案是否可行。”

四川某三元正极材料厂商人士更是向笔者坦言,钠电项目的研发进度完全取决于下游终端需求。“前几年行业热度高的时候,我们公司快速搭建钠电中试线,投入大量研发资源,项目从小试快速推进到中试;后续下游需求转弱,企业研发投入收缩,项目推进速度随之放缓,但如果未来下游需求爆发,研发进度可以快速提升。”在其看来,宁德时代作为行业风向标,其量产、批量出货的表态能带动产业链,但钠电要大规模落地,依旧要看终端实际需求;短期而言,钠电难以和锂电、磷酸铁锂形成直接竞争,只会占据局部市场份额。

在应用端,储能被公认为钠电最先落地的场景。上述的宁德时代工作人员告诉笔者,钠电目前更适用于储能,一是成本更低,二是宽温域、高安全性。“储能是宁德时代重点推进的业务方向,因此钠电优先落地储能领域,后续上乘用车‘只是时间早晚问题’。”

上述某中大型储能企业负责人也认同这一判断:钠电安全性好、可堆叠、宽温域、倍率性能优异,但受限于能量密度,短期更适合储能,动力电池的续航短板暂时难以弥补。

传艺科技对钠电的未来则更为乐观,“2026年以来,随着传统锂电巨头厂商启动布局钠离子电池产业,上下游产业链配套、终端产品开发应用、产品性能及安全性提升、鼓励型政策措施落地等均取得积极进展,行业基本面预期改善。”其以数据佐证,2026H1,公司钠电业务营收2148.44万元,同比增长95.45%;截至2026年7月末,公司在手订单达1.4亿元。

这正是钠电与磷酸铁锂路径的最大不同:铁锂的起量,是材料体系成熟、成本下行、新能源车放量三者共振的结果;而钠电当前的热闹,更多是锂价回升、政策鼓励、头部订单示范共同催生的“预期先行”。

钠电的“磷酸铁锂时刻”会不会真的到来?至少现在,行业看到的只是一个清晰的起跑信号。真正的考验,在于宁德时代钠新电池规模量产后的实际交付和良率表现,在于碳酸锂价格能否持续在相对高位站稳,更在于那些签下的框架意向订单,能否在未来几年转化为真正的产能利用率和正向毛利率。

注:文/苏启桃,文章来源:钛媒体(公众号ID:taimeiti),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:钛媒体

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FAQ回顾

钠离子电池适合应用在哪些场景?

钠离子电池具备安全性高、宽温域、倍率性能优异的特点,受能量密度限制,短期优先落地储能场景;随着技术成熟,后续将逐步拓展至新能源汽车、智能终端、船舶、工程机械等多元应用领域。

2026年钠离子电池行业发展的驱动因素有哪些?

2026年钠电行业发展主要受三方面驱动:一是全产业链从正负极材料、电解液到电芯环节密集扩产配套;二是头部企业接连落地大额储能钠电订单;三是国家多项政策明确支持钠电产业化发展。

钠离子电池目前实现对磷酸铁锂的成本平价了吗?

按2026年原材料价格测算,层状氧化物钠电池成本约0.4215元/Wh,略高于磷酸铁锂电池的0.4134元/Wh;当碳酸锂价格突破16万元/吨时锂电成本优势收窄,待钠电规模效应显现后将实现系统平价。

钠离子电池商业化落地当前面临哪些挑战?

当前钠电商业化仍面临多重挑战:一是行业整体产能利用率偏低,多数企业钠电业务尚未实现正向盈利;二是加工成本偏高,暂未实现与磷酸铁锂的系统平价;三是需求释放依赖下游终端真实落地意愿。

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