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刘强东下血本 京东在欧洲买楼

赵云合 2026-07-29 10:33
赵云合 2026/07/29 10:33

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本文主要披露了京东重资产布局欧洲电商市场的最新动态,核心干货信息整理如下:

1. 京东出海模式不同于阿里速卖通、拼多多Temu、字节TikTok Shop的轻资产出海模式,走重资产本地电商路线,提出“本地电商、本地基建、本地员工、本地采购、本地发货”的五本地战略,目标是在欧洲再造一个京东。

2. 近期京东斥资约13.28亿元买下英国伦敦地标建筑SYSTEMS,将其作为新的英国总部,统筹英国电商零售、物流、招商等全业务布局;此前京东已经在英国购置另一栋办公楼,还花费24.33亿元收购大型物流资产包,可实现4小时覆盖英国90%人口。

3. 目前京东推出的本地电商平台Joybuy上线后表现亮眼,主打快配送和品牌化路线,但也面临亚马逊、Temu等多平台的激烈竞争,未来突围仍存在不小挑战。

本文披露的京东欧洲布局动态,对布局欧洲市场的品牌有很多参考价值,核心干货整理如下:

1. 消费市场趋势方面,英国B2C电商市场2024-2030年将实现5.8%的复合年增长率,2030年市场规模将达3268亿美元,且英国作为欧洲电商中枢,可辐射整个西欧核心消费市场,整体增长潜力十分可观。

2. 渠道合作机会方面,京东旗下Joybuy目前正在欧洲开启新一轮品牌招商,明确不走低价铺货清仓路线,主打扶持品牌自营店铺,坚持品牌化发展路线,对想要进入欧洲市场的国际品牌和国货品牌来说,是一个新的优质渠道选择。

3. 合作优势方面,京东直接购置总部大楼的重资产布局,打消了欧洲本土品牌对跨境玩家“短期套利、随时撤出”的顾虑,形成了信任背书;同时京东自建物流可实现高时效配送,还有千余家线下门店做依托,能帮助品牌提升终端用户体验。

本文披露的京东欧洲布局最新动向,给出海欧洲的卖家提供了大量机会和风险参考,核心干货整理如下:

1. 市场机会方面,欧洲电商市场整体增长潜力大,英国作为京东欧洲布局的核心支点,可辐射整个西欧消费市场,京东当前正在开放品牌招商,走差异化品牌化路线,避开红海般的低价竞争,对做优质品牌的卖家来说是新的出海增量渠道。

2. 配套优势方面,京东已经完成了办公+物流仓储的重资产布局,自建物流JoyExpress可实现211限时达,覆盖欧洲30余座核心城市的4000万消费者,还能提供大家电送装一体化服务,还有千余家线下门店支撑售后,能帮卖家解决出海欧洲的履约和售后痛点。

3. 风险提示方面,当前欧洲电商市场竞争十分激烈,头部有巨头亚马逊,还有Temu、TikTok Shop、速卖通等多个出海玩家分流市场,卖家入驻前需要结合自身定位评估竞争风险,做好差异化布局规划。

京东重资产布局欧洲电商市场,给国内出海工厂带来了新的商业机会和发展启示,核心干货整理如下:

1. 商业机会方面,京东旗下Joybuy平台当前SKU已经超过10万,仍在开放品牌招商,明确偏好优质品牌化产品,重点发力3C数码、大小家电、智能家居等高客单品类,符合定位的国内工厂可借助这个新渠道拓展欧洲市场,打开海外增长空间。

2. 产品需求方向方面,京东走品牌化路线,拒绝低价铺货清仓模式,欧洲消费者也更看重产品品质、配送时效和售后体验,因此工厂做出口欧洲的产品,需要重点提升产品品质,完善配套售后标准,适配京东平台的定位要求,更容易获得流量支持。

3. 出海发展启示方面,京东重资产布局本土基建的模式说明,当前出海欧洲已经不再是短期赚差价的阶段,想要长期发展必须扎根本土,工厂出海可以依托京东已经建好的本土办公、物流、合规基建,降低自身出海落地成本,更快打开欧洲市场。

京东布局欧洲市场的动作,反映了中国电商出海的新趋势,也给出海相关服务商指明了新的方向,核心干货整理如下:

1. 行业发展新趋势方面,中国头部电商出海已经从早期轻资产、赚快钱的跨境铺货模式,转向重资产、长期深耕本土市场的阶段,玩家不再满足于短期套利,而是想要搭建完整的本土业务体系,这一变化衍生了大量新的服务需求。

2. 当前出海玩家的核心痛点方面,想要深耕欧洲本土市场,需要适配本土要求的办公场地、物流基建、财税合规服务、本地品牌招商对接资源,这些需求很多传统出海服务商没有完全覆盖,存在市场空白。

3. 新的业务机会方面,服务商可围绕本土运营、合规财税、物流配套、本地商务对接这些新需求,开发针对性的解决方案,既可以服务京东这类头部出海平台,也可以服务其他想要深耕欧洲市场的中小品牌,拓展自身业务边界。

京东布局欧洲市场的做法和面临的竞争环境,对其他出海平台有很多参考价值,核心干货整理如下:

1. 本土市场对平台的核心需求可总结为两点,分别是信任和履约:欧洲本土品牌和消费者对跨境平台普遍存在“短期套利、随时撤出”的不信任感,京东通过购置本土总部大楼的重资产动作解决了信任问题,又通过自建物流解决了配送时效低的履约痛点,刚好命中本土市场的核心需求。

2. 平台运营的新方向方面,Joybuy不走低价铺货的同质化路线,选择主打品牌化招商,扶持品牌自营店铺,通过优质产品和服务培养用户心智,这种模式适合新进入平台打开差异化竞争空间,值得参考。

3. 竞争风向规避方面,欧洲电商市场竞争已经十分激烈,头部亚马逊有深厚的用户心智和完善的配送网络,还有多个国内出海平台分流不同层级的用户,新进入平台必须找准自身差异化定位,规避同质化竞争的风险,才能在市场中占据一席之地。

京东布局欧洲市场的动作,为电商出海研究提供了新的案例和方向,核心干货整理如下:

1. 电商出海产业新动向方面,中国电商出海已经进入新模式分化阶段,早期出海多为轻资产跨境铺货模式,而京东这次走出了新的重资产本土化路线,提出五本地战略,通过购置本土物业、自建物流仓储、打造本土电商平台,深耕欧洲市场,和Temu、速卖通的模式形成明显差异化,是产业发展的新动向。

2. 产业新问题方面,重资产本土化模式前期投入大、回报周期长,同时新进入者要面对亚马逊等本土头部平台的挤压,还要应对其他中国出海平台的竞争,如何在重重包围下突围,是行业出现的新问题,值得深入研究。

3. 商业模式研究启示方面,重资产本土化模式通过解决本土市场的信任痛点和履约痛点,获得了品牌和消费者的初步认可,为中国电商出海提供了新的商业模式选择,丰富了行业出海的路径研究,也为后续相关研究提供了典型案例。

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Quick Summary

This article reveals JD.com's latest progress in its asset-heavy expansion of the e-commerce market in Europe, with key takeaways summarized below:

1. Unlike the asset-light cross-border expansion models adopted by players including Alibaba's AliExpress, Pinduoduo's Temu and ByteDance's TikTok Shop, JD pursues an asset-heavy localization strategy. It has put forward a "five-localization" strategy: local e-commerce operations, local infrastructure, local workforce, local procurement and local fulfillment, with the goal of building another JD in Europe.

2. Recently, JD spent approximately 1.328 billion yuan to acquire SYSTEMS, a landmark building in London, the UK, which will serve as its new UK headquarters to coordinate all its business operations including e-commerce retail, logistics and merchant recruitment in the country. Prior to this purchase, JD had already acquired another office building in the UK and spent 2.433 billion yuan to buy a large logistics asset portfolio, which enables 4-hour delivery coverage for 90% of the UK population.

3. JD's localized e-commerce platform Joybuy has posted strong early performance since launch, positioning itself as a premium platform with fast delivery. However, it still faces intense competition from incumbents including Amazon and new players such as Temu, and significant challenges remain for it to break through in the market.

JD.com's European expansion disclosed in this article offers valuable takeaways for brands looking to enter the European market. Key insights are summarized below:

1. In terms of market growth trends, the UK B2C e-commerce market is projected to achieve a compound annual growth rate of 5.8% between 2024 and 2030, reaching a total market size of $326.8 billion by 2030. As the central e-commerce hub of Europe, the UK can serve the entire core consumer market of Western Europe, offering substantial growth potential.

2. For channel partnership opportunities, JD's Joybuy is currently conducting a new round of brand recruitment across Europe. The platform explicitly rules out low-price mass merchant models, and focuses on supporting self-operated brand stores while sticking to a brand-focused development path. It represents a new high-quality channel option for both international and Chinese brands looking to enter the European market.

3. In terms of partnership advantages, JD's asset-heavy approach of directly acquiring local headquarters addresses European local brands' concerns that cross-border players only seek short-term profits and may exit the market at any time, building trust as a long-term player. Meanwhile, JD's self-built logistics network enables high-speed delivery, and the platform is backed by more than 1,000 offline stores, all of which help brands improve end-consumer experience.

This article discloses JD.com's latest moves in Europe, providing valuable insights on opportunities and risks for sellers expanding into the region. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. In terms of market opportunities, the European e-commerce market as a whole offers strong growth potential, with the UK as JD's core hub serving the entire Western European consumer market. JD is currently open for brand recruitment, pursuing a differentiated brand-focused positioning that avoids the red sea of cutthroat low-price competition, making it a new incremental expansion channel for premium brand sellers.

2. For operational support advantages, JD has already completed its asset-heavy layout of local offices and logistics warehousing. Its self-operated logistics network JoyExpress offers 211 limited-time delivery (ordering in the morning for delivery by 11AM next day, ordering in the afternoon for delivery by 11PM next day) covering 40 million consumers across more than 30 core European cities. It also provides integrated delivery and installation for large home appliances, and is backed by over 1,000 offline stores for after-sales service, helping sellers solve the common fulfillment and after-sales pain points of expanding into Europe.

3. For risk warnings, the European e-commerce market is already extremely competitive. Market leader Amazon dominates the space, while players including Temu, TikTok Shop and AliExpress are all competing for market share. Sellers need to assess competitive risks based on their own positioning and make solid differentiated layout plans before entering the platform.

JD.com's asset-heavy expansion into the European e-commerce market brings new business opportunities and insights for Chinese export-focused factories. Key takeaways are summarized below:

1. In terms of business opportunities, JD's Joybuy platform already hosts more than 100,000 SKUs and is still actively recruiting brands. The platform explicitly prioritizes high-quality branded products, with a focus on high average order value categories including 3C electronics, large and small home appliances, and smart home devices. Chinese factories matching this positioning can leverage this new channel to enter the European market and unlock new overseas growth.

2. In terms of product demand, JD follows a brand-focused development path and rejects the low-price mass merchant clearance model. European consumers also prioritize product quality, delivery speed and after-sales experience. Therefore, for products exported to Europe through the platform, factories that prioritize improving product quality and establishing complete after-sales standards to match JD's positioning are more likely to gain traffic support from the platform.

3. For insights on long-term overseas expansion, JD's asset-heavy investment in local infrastructure shows that expanding into Europe is no longer a quick, short-term arbitrage play. Long-term success requires deep local roots. Factories can leverage JD's already established local offices, logistics and compliance infrastructure to reduce their own market entry costs and gain traction in Europe faster.

JD.com's expansion into Europe reflects a new trend of Chinese e-commerce going global, and points to new directions for cross-border service providers. Key insights are as follows:

1. In terms of new industry trends, leading Chinese e-commerce players have shifted from the early asset-light, quick-profit mass cross-border model to an asset-heavy, long-term deep localization phase. Players are no longer satisfied with short-term arbitrage, and instead aim to build complete local business systems. This shift has generated substantial new demand for cross-border services.

2. Looking at core pain points for players expanding deeply into Europe, building a local presence requires locally compliant office space, logistics infrastructure, tax and compliance services, and local business matching resources for brand recruitment. Many traditional cross-border service providers have not fully covered these needs, leaving clear gaps in the market.

3. For new business opportunities, service providers can develop targeted solutions to address these new demands around local operations, tax compliance, logistics support and local business matching. These solutions can serve both leading expansion platforms like JD, and small and medium-sized brands looking to build a long-term presence in Europe, helping service providers expand their own business scope.

JD.com's approach to European expansion and the competitive landscape it faces offer valuable references for other cross-border platforms. Key insights are as follows:

1. The core demands of the local market for platforms can be summarized into two key points: trust and fulfillment. Local European brands and consumers generally distrust cross-border platforms that they see as short-term arbitrage players ready to exit at any time. JD addressed the trust issue through its asset-heavy move of acquiring a local headquarters, and solved the fulfillment pain point of low delivery speed through its self-built logistics, perfectly matching the core demands of the local market.

2. In terms of new directions for platform operation, Joybuy rejects the homogenized low-price mass merchant model, and instead focuses on brand-focused recruitment and supports self-operated brand stores, building user mindshare through high-quality products and services. This model offers a clear path for new platforms to carve out a differentiated competitive position, and is well worth reference.

3. For avoiding competitive risks, the European e-commerce market is already extremely crowded. Incumbent leader Amazon enjoys deep user mindshare and a well-developed delivery network, while multiple other Chinese cross-border platforms compete for different user segments. New entrants must find a clear differentiated positioning and avoid homogenized competition to gain a foothold in the market.

JD.com's expansion into Europe provides new cases and directions for research on cross-border e-commerce. Key insights are as follows:

1. In terms of new industry trends, Chinese e-commerce globalization has entered a phase of model differentiation. Early cross-border expansion was dominated by the asset-light mass merchant model, but JD has pioneered a new asset-heavy localization path. With its five-localization strategy, JD is deeply cultivating the European market through acquiring local real estate, building self-operated logistics warehouses, and launching a local e-commerce platform, forming a clear differentiation from the models of Temu and AliExpress. This represents a new development trend for the industry.

2. In terms of new industry questions, the asset-heavy localization model requires large upfront investment and long payback periods. At the same time, new entrants face pressure from leading local incumbents like Amazon, as well as competition from other Chinese cross-border players. How to break through amid these multiple layers of competition is a new industry question that deserves in-depth research.

3. For insights into business model research, the asset-heavy localization model has gained initial recognition from brands and consumers by solving the core pain points of trust and fulfillment in the local market. It provides a new business model option for Chinese e-commerce globalization, enriches research on globalization paths for the industry, and offers a typical case for follow-up related research.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

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出品 | 电商头条 作者 |赵云合

对于出海,刘强东曾明确表示:“是否国际化,直接决定京东未来的生死。”这一态度,足以表明他对海外市场的重视。

尤其是这几年,阿里旗下的速卖通、拼多多旗下的Temu,以及字节跳动旗下的TikTok Shop,纷纷在海外崛起。京东作为国内的头部玩家之一,自然也要跟上队伍出海的步伐。

只不过,不同于其他玩家的轻资产出海模式,京东走的是重资产出海模式。正如刘强东所言:京东不做跨境电商,只做本地电商。并提出了“本地电商、本地基建、本地员工、本地采购、本地发货”的五本地战略。

回过头来看,京东不仅在欧洲上线了本地自营电商平台Joybuy,还推出自建快递品牌JoyExpress。近日,京东更是在英国伦敦斥资买下了一栋楼。刘强东的梦想“在欧洲再造一个京东”,正一步步变成现实。

京东在英国伦敦买下一栋楼

近日,据BlueFive Capital旗下全球财富平台BlueFive Private Wealth消息,其位于伦敦西部Hammersmith的标志性建筑SYSTEMS已成功出售给京东集团。

买卖双方并未公开该笔交易的具体对价。不过,行业消息指出,SYSTEMS完成最近一次的翻新改造后,其总开发价值达到1.47亿英镑,约合13.28亿元。但最终交易价格,还是以官方公布的为准。

13亿并不是一笔小的支出。那么,该建筑在京东的欧洲布局中到底承担了什么样的角色?

京东方面表示:“作为我们新的英国总部大楼,该建筑提供了支持我们成长中的团队所需的质量、规模和连接性。”

公开资料显示,SYSTEMS这一建筑始建于20世纪30年代,是地标级历史楼宇。这里还是全球第一台商用计算机的诞生地,大楼的名字便源于这段科技历史,历史底蕴深厚。

在近期对该建筑的翻新中,保留复古建筑底色的同时进行了现代化的升级,内部全面升级可持续办公、高速网络、智慧空间,可用面积提升近50%。

SYSTEMS拥有约12.7万平方英尺(约1.18万平方米)的甲级办公空间,落地后将成为京东在英国的总部所在地,统筹京东在英国的电商零售、物流供应链、本地招商等全业务布局。

从位置上来说,SYSTEMS确实很适合电商业务的开展。

该建筑位于西伦敦黄金商务地段,很多跨国企业都在这里设立区域总部,商务氛围浓厚,便于京东对接欧洲本土品牌、开展政企合作、拓展本地商业资源。

同时,交通网络四通八达,不仅紧邻高速、干线,还能直达机场,方便海内外团队出差对接、跨境商务洽谈与物流协同工作的开展。

本次交易,不仅是京东办公载体的升级,更彰显其深耕英国市场的长期战略决心。正如京东方面所言:“此次收购体现了京东长期致力于英国市场的承诺,以及京东在今年3月推出的JOYBUY项目之后对英国市场的持续投资。”

长期以来,大部分欧美消费者以及本土品牌,其实对跨境电商存在“短期套利、随时撤出”的顾虑,而京东本次直接买下一栋楼,说明其确实做好了长期发展的准备。这一信任背书,也将为Joybuy吸引到更多的欧洲本土品牌。

实际上,SYSTEMS仅仅是京东在英国重资产布局的其中一处地产。

早在2025年3月,京东就通过旗下的京东产发以3700万英镑(约人民币3.3亿元)总价从ITC Properties购买了伦敦威斯敏斯特区的一栋办公楼,主要用户行政分部、财税合规、法务团队办公、欧洲品牌招商对接等。

除了核心办公物业的购置,京东更早还加码英国物流仓储基建。

2023年京东产发斥资2.5亿英镑(约合人民币24.33亿元)收购了高盛位于英国的大型物流资产包。

资产包包含两大核心园区:位于英格兰考文垂、面积约10.2万平方米的大型园区Prospero Ansty Park,以及位于英格兰普雷斯顿的面积约5.1万平方米的物流仓库。

这些物流仓库坐落于英国物流黄金金三角地带,4小时可覆盖英国90%人口,能够实现当日达 / 次日达、大家电送装一体化。

可能很多人可能会问,为什么京东将英国作为欧洲布局的第一瞄点?

一方面,Grand View Horizon预测,英国的B2C市场从2024年到2030年将实现5.8%的复合年增长率,市场规模在2030年将达到3,268亿美元,潜力巨大。

另一方面,英国是欧洲的电商中枢。京东可以以此为支点,辐射德国、法国、荷兰、比利时、卢森堡等西欧核心消费市场,统筹欧洲各国供应链、履约、线上零售业务,大幅降低跨区域管理成本。

长远来看,办公总部+物流仓储的重资产布局,正是京东践行“本地电商”战略的关键抓手。不靠跨境代购赚差价,而是自建基建、深耕本土供应链,以极致配送时效和完善履约能力,撬动欧洲电商市场份额增长。

京东扎根欧洲,Joybuy火力全开

刘强东曾表示:“京东的商业模式很慢、很苦、很累,你得干好几年的基础,才能做生意。”京东对欧洲电商市场的重资产布局,正是慢慢探索、积累。

如今,时机已到,京东正在加速进军欧洲市场,刘强东的野心已经展露无遗。

今年3月,京东在欧洲推出Joybuy。上线仅两天,Joybuy登顶欧洲六国iOS和安卓购物类APP下载榜,足以证明其受欢迎程度。

Joybuy能够得到欧洲消费者的青睐,背后得益于更快的配送速度以及更多的品牌商品选择。

一般来说,欧洲国家快递的配送时间在3到5天。而Joybuy在自建快递品牌JoyExpress的支持下,可以实现“211限时达”:上午11点前下单当日送达、23点前下单次日达;大家电提供送货 + 安装一体化服务。当前,该服务已落地欧洲30余座核心城市。

此外,目前Joybuy平台SKU已超过10万,覆盖多个品类,既有国际大牌也有优质国货品牌,消费者的选择更加多元化。

今年6月初,Joybuy还开启了新一轮品牌招商,并明确表示不走低价铺货及清仓路线,意在扶持品牌自营店铺,坚持品牌化路线,为消费者提供优质产品,以培养用户心智。

Joybuy在欧洲推出的"夏季黑五"活动中,表现亮眼。6月15—30日大促期间超1800个品牌成交额翻倍,美的、苹果、TCL拿下了成交额前三。

履约端“211限时达”履约率维持99%,覆盖英、法、德、荷等30余城的4000万消费者,大家电“送装一体”订单环比激增396%

值得一提的是,京东此前斥资22亿欧元收购的Ceconomy,手握欧洲11国1000余家线下门店,能够助力Joybuy实现线上线下一体化。

短期来看,Joybuy现阶段在欧洲的表现整体上还不错。其竞争优势明显,自建物流带来小时级履约服务;聚焦3C数码、大小家电、智能家居高客单品类,迎来销量爆发;线上线下一体化,能够很好为消费者解决售后问题。

不过,欧洲电商市场本就竞争激烈。

亚马逊作为欧洲综合电商领头羊,其用户心智、配送网络覆盖率以及会员粘性强的优势,都是Joybuy短期内难以逾越的壁垒。同时,亚马逊还对Joybuy的竞争优势主动打出防守反击。比如,推出“1小时”和“3小时”送达服务。

亚马逊之外,Joybuy还得直面同样出海的国内玩家。Temu靠低价策略牢牢抢占下沉大众消费市场;TikTok Shop靠内容电商俘获大批年轻消费者;速卖通依托“Brand+品牌出海计划”,聚焦中高端赛道抢占品质用户心智。

对京东而言,欧洲战场没有喘息的空间,多方博弈才刚刚拉开序幕。Joybuy想要突围,依旧任重道远。

注:文/赵云合,文章来源:电商头条(公众号ID:ecxinwen),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:电商头条

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FAQ回顾

京东布局欧洲电商市场采用了什么发展模式?

京东布局欧洲电商市场采用重资产发展模式,践行“本地电商、本地基建、本地员工、本地采购、本地发货”五本地战略,通过购置办公物业、收购物流资产包、搭建本地电商平台Joybuy与自有快递品牌JoyExpress,深耕欧洲本土市场。

京东为什么优先选择英国作为欧洲布局的核心站点?

京东优先选英国作为欧洲布局核心站点主要有两点原因:一是英国B2C电商市场预计2024到2030年复合年增长率达5.8%,2030年市场规模将达3268亿美元,增长潜力大;二是英国是欧洲电商中枢,可辐射西欧核心消费市场,降低跨区域管理成本。

京东旗下Joybuy电商平台在欧洲有哪些竞争优势?

京东旗下Joybuy的竞争优势主要有三点:一是依托自有快递品牌JoyExpress可实现211限时达,配送时效远高于欧洲平均3-5天的水平,已覆盖30余座核心城市;二是SKU超10万,覆盖多品类,兼顾国际大牌与优质国货;三是可联动欧洲11国超1000家线下门店实现线上线下一体化。

欧洲电商市场当前的竞争态势如何?

当前欧洲电商市场竞争激烈,综合电商领头羊亚马逊的用户心智、配送网络覆盖率及会员粘性优势显著;国内出海玩家中,Temu靠低价抢占下沉市场,TikTok Shop靠内容电商俘获年轻用户,速卖通聚焦中高端品质赛道,多方博弈已经拉开序幕。

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