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自如轻装上阵 业主“负重前行”?

冯羽 2026-06-29 14:14
冯羽 2026/06/29 14:14

邦小白快读

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这篇文章围绕头部长租平台自如的转型争议与新业务布局,梳理了当前租赁和二手房市场的核心信息,干货如下:

1. 当前市场整体情况:2025年5月全国住宅平均租金跌幅明显收窄,叠加毕业季应届生入市,租赁需求回暖,一线城市租赁市场基本面率先企稳,行业迎来旺季窗口。

2. 自如增益租模式的实际争议:该模式对外宣称业主与平台共赢,实际从2025年初开始,大量业主被要求主动降租,不降租解约反而需要业主赔付未抵扣完的装修费,业主权益普遍受损,自如靠该模式转为轻资产,已经实现规模、收入、利润全面回升。

3. 普通业主和消费者提醒:业主签增益租合同时要重点留意装修条款与解约赔付规则,规避权益受损风险;二手房买家要注意新装修房源的甲醛问题,优先选择认知度高、专业度强的交易平台。

本文以头部品牌自如的转型与扩张为案例,总结了居住服务领域品牌运营的经验教训,干货如下:

1. 当前行业消费趋势:租赁市场经过两年调整逐步回暖,核心客群为年轻人,看重租住品质、信息透明与租房成本优惠,租金波动逐步收窄;存量二手房交易低迷,改造代卖成为新的细分需求。

2. 模式转型的教训:品牌转型轻资产模式不能将全部转型成本转嫁给合作伙伴,自如增益租模式虽然帮自身消解了重资产压力,却损害了业主利益,直接导致品牌口碑下滑,反噬品牌长期发展。

3. 跨赛道扩张的提醒:品牌跨领域扩张要重视用户原有品牌心智,自如切入二手房代卖后,用户仍将其定位为租赁企业,对其交易专业度信任不足,加上定价偏高,新业务发展受限。

4. 合规经营提示:发布不实房源会面临监管处罚,不仅侵蚀品牌信任,还会影响资本市场对品牌的评估,品牌运营必须重视合规要求。

本文结合当前租赁与二手房市场的最新变化,给业主卖家整理了机会、风险与实操提示,干货如下:

1. 当前市场变化与机会:租赁市场经过两年调整逐步回暖,毕业季应届生集中入市带来需求增长,一线城市租金率先企稳,业主可抓住旺季窗口合理定价,提升出租率;存量二手房交易低迷,改造代卖模式有一定市场空间,可借助平台流量促进房源去化。

2. 与平台合作的核心风险:和自如合作增益租模式,存在平台单方面要求降租、解约后业主反而需要赔付剩余装修费的陷阱,不少业主已经遭遇权益受损的问题。

3. 二手房代卖的注意事项:选择自如美家这类改造代卖模式,装修费用需要业主自行承担,虽然装修后可提高挂牌价,但溢价空间有限,还可能遭遇买家对装修甲醛、风格的认可度问题,需要提前评估投入产出比,谨慎选择。

4. 政策与风险提示:当前长租行业监管持续收紧,平台违规会被处罚,卖家合作前要核查平台合规资质,仔细阅读合同条款。

本文梳理了居住服务领域的最新业务变化,给家居、装修类生产工厂带来了这些机会与启示,干货如下:

1. 产品生产与设计需求变化:长租领域需要标准化、批量交付的高性价比装修家居产品;二手房改造代卖领域分化出不同需求,老旧房屋需要整体改造配套产品,高端房源需要智能化家居产品,工厂可针对不同场景开发差异化产品线,适配市场需求。

2. 商业合作机会:自如等头部居住服务平台已经打通租赁、二手房改造、智能家装全产业链,拥有成熟的供应链体系,长期有稳定的批量订单需求,工厂可对接头部平台的供应链体系,获得稳定的业务增量。

3. 数字化转型启示:头部租赁平台很早就实现了房源信息线上化、供需匹配数字化,对供应链的交付效率、成本控制要求较高,工厂可推进自身数字化改造,优化交付流程,降低运营成本,更好契合平台的供应链需求,提升合作竞争力。

4. 市场趋势提示:居住服务领域的装修改造需求持续增长,赛道空间广阔,可提前布局适配to B服务的产品体系。

本文梳理了当前长租与二手房服务领域的行业趋势、核心痛点,给相关居住服务商整理了干货内容如下:

1. 行业发展趋势:长租行业已经从野蛮生长进入合规化、精细化发展阶段,行业格局逐步清晰,不同背景玩家各有优势,竞争日趋激烈;存量二手房交易长期低迷,房源美化代卖成为新的细分赛道,头部企业开始布局全产业链打通,寻找新的增长动力。

2. 行业核心客户痛点:业主端在意租赁收益的稳定性,担心合作平台的霸王条款,二手房业主在意改造投入的产出比;平台端需要控制装修供应链成本,提升房源匹配效率;消费者端在意房产交易的专业度,担心新装二手房的甲醛污染问题,对新平台信任度不足。

3. 业务发展方向与解决方案:可针对分散式长租运营开发标准化、高性价比的装修配套服务,针对二手房交易搭建透明的装修造价公示与环保检测服务,解决用户的信任痛点;还可针对平台企业的合规需求提供相关服务,帮助平台规避合规风险。

本文以自如为案例,梳理了居住服务平台转型扩张的经验教训,干货内容如下:

1. 当前市场与用户需求:租赁市场已经逐步回暖,应届生是毕业季的核心客群,对房租月付、0押金等优惠政策接受度高,平台可借势推出对应活动抢占用户心智;二手房用户最看重平台的专业度与服务口碑,对价格的敏感度低于对信任的要求。

2. 模式转型的经验教训:平台转型轻资产模式,需要平衡企业自身利益与合作方的权益,不能将转型成本全部转嫁给业主,否则会引发舆论危机,损害品牌口碑,甚至影响资本市场对平台的评估。

3. 跨赛道扩张的注意事项:跨界拓展新业务要提前培育用户信任,贴合用户对品牌的原有认知,控制拓展节奏,避免盲目扩张带来过大的财务压力;新业务要解决核心痛点,才能形成可持续增长,不能仅仅作为资本叙事的工具。

4. 风险规避提示:平台要严格遵守监管要求,不发布虚假房源信息,规避合规处罚;当前行业竞争激烈,平台需要持续巩固自身核心优势,应对不同背景玩家的竞争,保持业务增长的可持续性。

本文梳理了国内长租行业与居住服务产业的最新发展动向,整理了相关研究干货如下:

1. 产业最新动向:长租行业经过房地产深度调整后逐步回暖,头部企业已经完成模式转型,头部平台自如目前70%房源已经转换为增益租模式,行业整体从过去的重资产二房东模式,转向轻资产资产管理模式;头部企业开始跨界布局二手房改造代卖、智能家装、家庭服务,试图打通居住全产业链,打造新的增长曲线。

2. 产业面临的新问题:增益租模式并未实现平台与业主的共赢,头部平台将转型成本转嫁给业主,引发业主集体不满,品牌口碑下滑,行业共赢模式仍待探索;长租行业监管持续收紧,合规风险提升,头部平台上市进程延宕多年,融资端缺乏新增输入,增长压力较大;跨界二手房代卖面临品牌认知错位、定价偏高、专业信任不足等问题,新业务的成长性尚待验证。

3. 商业模式研究参考:增益租模式可帮助企业优化财务结构、消解重资产压力,但利益分配失衡导致难以持续;二手房美化代卖模式可复用原有流量与供应链,产生协同效应,但核心依赖房源去化能力与装修性价比,目前仍处于试水阶段。

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Quick Summary

This article unpacks the ongoing controversy surrounding the transformation of Ziroom, China’s leading long-term rental platform, and maps out key takeaways on China’s current rental and second-hand housing markets:

1. Overall market conditions: The decline in national average residential rental prices narrowed sharply in May 2025. A wave of new graduates entering the market has also boosted rental demand, with rental markets in first-tier cities stabilizing first as the sector enters its peak seasonal window.

2. Controversy around Ziroom’s value-added rental model: While marketed as a win-win for landlords and the platform, the model has seen Ziroom pressure a large number of participating homeowners to cut rents voluntarily starting from early 2025. If homeowners refuse rent cuts and choose to terminate contracts, they are required to compensate Ziroom for remaining undeducted renovation costs, resulting in widespread losses for participating owners. The light-asset model has helped Ziroom rebound across the board in scale, revenue, and profit.

3. Alerts for ordinary homeowners and consumers: Homeowners signing value-added rental contracts should pay close attention to renovation clauses and early termination compensation rules to avoid risks to their rights; second-hand home buyers should watch for formaldehyde risks in newly renovated properties and prioritize well-known, professional trading platforms.

This article uses the transformation and expansion of leading player Ziroom as a case study to distill key lessons for brand operations in the residential services sector:

1. Current industry consumption trends: After two years of correction, the rental market is gradually recovering. Its core customer base is young people, who prioritize rental quality, transparent information, and affordable costs, while rental price volatility is easing. Transaction activity in the existing second-hand home market remains sluggish, creating new niche demand for renovation and consignment sales services.

2. Lessons from model transformation: Brands should not shift all the costs of a light-asset transformation onto their partners. While Ziroom’s value-added rental model eliminated its own heavy-asset pressure, it damaged homeowners’ interests, directly eroded brand reputation, and will harm the brand’s long-term growth.

3. Considerations for cross-sector expansion: Brands expanding into new segments need to respect consumers’ existing brand positioning. After entering the second-hand home consignment business, consumers still see Ziroom as a rental company, and lack trust in its transaction expertise. Combined with above-market pricing, this has held back growth of the new business.

4. Compliance reminder: Publishing misleading property listings exposes brands to regulatory penalties, erodes customer trust, and impacts capital market valuations. Compliance must be a core priority for brand operations.

This article combines the latest changes in China’s rental and second-hand housing markets to outline opportunities, risks, and actionable guidance for homeowner-sellers:

1. Current market changes and opportunities: After two years of correction, the rental market is gradually recovering, with peak seasonal demand from new graduates entering the market pushing first-tier city rents to stabilize first. Homeowners can capitalize on this peak season window to price properties reasonably and boost occupancy. With existing second-hand home transactions sluggish, the renovation and consignment sales model offers meaningful market potential, and homeowners can leverage platform traffic to speed up sales.

2. Core risks of partnering with platforms: Homeowners working with Ziroom on its value-added rental model face the risk of unilateral rent cut demands, and being forced to pay for remaining renovation costs if they terminate contracts, a pitfall that has already harmed many homeowners.

3. Notes for second-hand home consignment: Choosing a renovation-consignment model like Ziroom Mei Jia means homeowners cover all renovation costs upfront. While renovations can lift asking prices, the premium is limited, and owners may face low buyer acceptance of renovation styles or formaldehyde concerns. Homeowners should evaluate return on investment in advance and proceed cautiously.

4. Policy and risk reminders: Regulation of the long-term rental sector continues to tighten, and non-compliant platforms face penalties. Sellers should verify platform compliance qualifications and review all contract terms carefully before partnering.

This article outlines the latest business shifts in the residential services sector and highlights key opportunities and takeaways for home goods and decoration manufacturing factories:

1. Shifts in product design and production demand: The long-term rental sector requires standardized, high-cost-performance decoration and home products that can be delivered at scale. The second-hand home renovation and consignment segment has split into differentiated demand: old properties need complete renovation supporting products, while high-end listings require smart home solutions. Factories can develop differentiated product lines for different use cases to match market demand.

2. Business cooperation opportunities: Leading residential service platforms like Ziroom have integrated the full industrial chain of rental, second-hand home renovation, and smart home decoration, with mature supply chain systems and steady long-term demand for bulk orders. Factories that integrate with leading platforms’ supply chains can secure stable incremental business.

3. Insights for digital transformation: Leading rental platforms digitized property information and supply-demand matching early on, and set high requirements for supply chain delivery efficiency and cost control. Factories can pursue their own digital upgrades to optimize delivery processes, cut operating costs, better meet platform supply chain requirements, and improve their competitive edge for partnerships.

4. Market trend outlook: Renovation and transformation demand in the residential services sector continues to grow, with ample room for sector expansion. Factories can build out B2B-focused product systems to position themselves for long-term growth.

This article maps industry trends and core pain points in the long-term rental and second-hand home services sectors, and shares key takeaways for residential service providers:

1. Industry development trends: The long-term rental sector has moved from unregulated growth to a phase of compliance and refined operations. The industry structure is gradually clearing, with players of different backgrounds holding unique advantages, and competition intensifying. Existing second-hand home transaction activity has remained muted for a long time, turning property beautification and consignment into a new niche segment. Leading players are moving to integrate across the full industrial chain to unlock new growth drivers.

2. Core customer pain points across the sector: Homeowner clients care about stable rental returns and fear unfair fine-print terms from partner platforms; second-hand home sellers focus on the return on their renovation investment. Platform clients need to control supply chain costs for renovation and improve property matching efficiency. End consumers prioritize professional expertise in property transactions, worry about formaldehyde pollution in newly renovated second-hand homes, and lack trust in new platforms.

3. Business development directions and solutions: Service providers can develop standardized, cost-effective renovation supporting services for decentralized long-term rental operations, and build transparent renovation cost disclosure and environmental testing services for second-hand home transactions to resolve consumer trust issues. They can also offer compliance-related services to meet platform enterprise needs, helping platforms avoid regulatory risks.

This article uses Ziroom as a case study to distill lessons from the transformation and expansion of residential service platforms:

1. Current market and user demand: The rental market has gradually recovered, and new graduates are the core customer group during graduation season. This demographic is highly receptive to flexible terms including monthly rent payments and zero-deposit offers, so platforms can launch targeted promotions to capture user mindshare. For second-hand home transactions, users prioritize platform expertise and service reputation over low prices, with trust being the top demand.

2. Lessons from model transformation: When transitioning to a light-asset model, platforms must balance their own business interests with the rights of partner stakeholders. Shifting all transformation costs to homeowners will trigger public backlash, damage brand reputation, and even negatively impact capital market valuations.

3. Notes for cross-sector expansion: When expanding into new business lines, platforms need to build user trust in advance, align expansion with consumers’ existing brand positioning, and control expansion pace to avoid excessive financial pressure from overextension. New businesses must solve core pain points to deliver sustainable growth, rather than serving only as a narrative for capital markets.

4. Risk mitigation guidance: Platforms must strictly comply with regulatory requirements, avoid publishing false property information, and steer clear of compliance penalties. Given intensifying industry competition, platforms need to continuously strengthen their core competitive advantages to compete against players from different backgrounds and maintain sustainable business growth.

This article outlines the latest developments in China’s long-term rental and residential services industry and compiles key research takeaways:

1. Latest industry developments: After the deep correction in China’s real estate market, the long-term rental sector is gradually recovering. Leading players have completed business model transformation: 70% of Ziroom’s inventory has been converted to the value-added rental model, and the industry as a whole has shifted from the traditional heavy-asset sublessor model to a light-asset asset management model. Leading players are also expanding cross-sector into second-hand home renovation consignment, smart home decoration, and home services, in an attempt to integrate the full residential value chain and build new growth curves.

2. Emerging challenges facing the industry: The value-added rental model has not delivered on its promise of win-win cooperation between platforms and homeowners. Leading platforms have shifted transformation costs onto homeowners, triggering widespread homeowner discontent and damaging brand reputation, meaning a truly mutually beneficial industry model remains to be developed. Regulation continues to tighten across the sector, lifting compliance risk; leading platforms have delayed IPO plans for years, lack fresh capital inflows, and face significant growth pressure. Cross-sector expansion into second-hand home consignment faces mismatched brand positioning, above-market pricing, and low professional trust, so the growth potential of new business lines remains unproven.

3. Reference for business model research: The value-added rental model helps enterprises optimize their balance sheets and eliminate heavy-asset pressure, but imbalanced benefit distribution makes it difficult to scale sustainably. The second-hand home beautification and consignment model can reuse existing traffic and supply chains to generate synergies, but its success depends core on property sales capacity and renovation cost-effectiveness, and the model remains in the trial stage.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

I am a Brand Seller Factory Service Provider Marketplace Seller Researcher Read it again.

6月毕业季,租房市场重新燃起热度。

经过两年价格调整,2025年5月全国住宅平均租金跌幅明显收窄,叠加高校毕业生集中入市,需求端释放积极信号,租赁行业迎来了一年中最旺的季节窗口。

自如作为头部平台,自然也借势发力——5月启动第14季“海燕计划”,以房租月付、0押金、搬家券和千元安家基金等组合拳,试图在应届生群体中抢占心智。

租赁需求回暖,业主本应共享红利。然而,近期多位自如业主却接到通知,要求主动下调租金,否则解约需赔付装修费等若干费用。

一边是租房市场升温,一边是业主被压价,反差之下,自如的“增益租”模式再次被推上风口浪尖。

自2021年自如全面转向“增益租”以来,其宣称通过房屋增值实现与业主共赢,但现实却是:从2025年初开始,自如单方面解约业主事件频发,社交平台上时有舆论,品牌口碑受影响。

与此同时,自如于2025年初推出“美家二手房”品牌,正式跨入二手房交易赛道。

2025年底,自如董事长、CEO熊林在采访中公开表示“自如最难的时候过去了”,并称公司全年实现规模、收入和利润的全面回升。

企业层面确实熬过了租赁市场下行的寒冬,但对广大业主而言,最难的日子是否真的已经“翻篇”?答案远非那么简单。

1

“增益租”,谁获益?

作为国内分散式长租模式的先行者,自如的高光时刻曾与中国房地产的黄金时代紧密交织。

回望2011年,传统租赁市场以C2C模式为主,信息分散、服务粗放,中介仅充当撮合角色,链条极短。彼时出身链家的熊林敏锐捕捉到改造租房市场的机会,将个人房源产品化,构建C2B2C模式,让交易链条透明化,效率大幅提升。

早期,自如凭借“三板斧”快速站稳脚跟:整合分散房源,以整租或合租形式适配年轻主流客群;提供定期保洁与维修,让租住品质可控;推动房源信息线上化,实现供需精准匹配。

这套打法在当时颇为新颖,在一线及新一线城市,四、五户合租一套房迅速成为常态。而幕后推手,正是国内租房市场供需两端的飞速扩张——自如恰好搭上了这趟快车。

2016年脱离链家独立运营后,自如快速扩张,到2017年房源规模突破50万间,稳坐长租行业头把交椅。至2019年前后,其国内房源管理量一度突破100万间。

然而转折随之而至。房地产行业进入深度调整期,高房价神话褪色,租房市场急转直下,大批租赁企业倒闭,自如的房源规模也基本陷入停滞。

2021年,自如将核心经营模式升级为“增益租”,对外宣称要从“二房东”转型为资产管理公司。

新模式的核心逻辑是:业主承担房屋装修改造费用,自如承诺保底租金及后续溢价分成。

北京一位自如管家向「子弹财经」解释道:“相比旧模式,增益租没有空置期和差价,业主收益由‘出租租金-运营成本-管理费’构成。”

但细拆费用结构,业主的实际支出“不降反增”——月服务费为租金的10%;年维修基金一居/两居860元/年,三居及以上960元/一年;将房屋装修升级后成本在月租金里抵扣(装修成本均摊);以及激励公司费用,即出租率在90%-95%之间,需缴纳房租1.8%-2%不等的激励费用,即服务费的变种。

“之前还有分红,今年自如打电话说亏本要降价,分红肯定是没有了。”一位自如业主表示。

降租在自如业主群体中早已不是新闻。“自如说市场下行严重,房租大幅下降,给了我两个方案,一个是中途解约,自如赔偿我违约金,但是我需要支付自如未抵扣完的装修款;第二个方案是每个月下调500元租金,继续履行合同。”北京的一位自如业主对「子弹财经」表示。

在小红书某“自如房东互助群”中,多位自如业主表示企业方面要求降租金,否则将单方面解约,业主还要赔付剩余装修款。多位业主均表示“很受伤”,甚至直言“自如威胁解约骗取业主装修费”。

有趣的是,与近两年同期相比,今年租金表现明显更稳定。中指研究院发布的50城住宅租赁价格指数数据显示,2024年5月和2025年5月,50城住宅平均租金环比跌幅均超过0.3%,而今年同期环比跌幅仅为0.11%。

据业内人士分析,经过连续两年的价格调整,租赁市场供需关系逐步改善,加之保障性租赁住房对市场租金形成“定锚”作用,租金波动幅度明显减弱。尤其是一线城市租赁市场基本面率先企稳。

而从2025年开始,社交媒体上已经出现一批自如业主表示遭单方面解约,自如解约潮并非空穴来风。

在增益租模式下,自如重资产运营得以消解,轻资产模式让自如的中长期待摊费用得以优化,同时还能通过供应链优势压低成本锁定装修利润。

对熊林和自如来说,“最难的时候过去了。”目前自如管理的资产中,70%已转换成“增益租”模式。2021年的业务转型,让自如能够很好地抵挡行业冲击,“增益租”也被熊林看作是租赁企业转型之路的“最优解”。

但在企业度过难关的背后,部分业主并未尝到共赢的甜头,反而感到被“背刺”。“原来自如在租赁市场口碑是最好的,我也是看中这个才一次性付清装修全款,现在自如让降租,我接受不了。”一位上海自如业主对「子弹财经」表示。

2

二手房,高溢价

2025年3月,自如将触角伸向房产业务的另一端——二手房买卖。

存量房市场交易持续低迷,部分二手房挂牌半年仍乏人问津,自如入局正是看中了这一僵局中蕴含的变量。同时,其租赁业务积累的海量租客与业主,天然可转化为二手房交易的潜在客户,委托卖房亦能为平台带来多元化收入,缓解长租业务增长乏力的压力。

针对这一痛点,自如推出“美家二手房”品牌,主打品质好房、全网联卖和佣金5折,核心创新点在于对房源的系统化改造。

据公开信息,美家二手房严选北京、上海等城市的优质楼盘房源,根据美化程度不同推出焕新好房、清水好房、心舍好房三大产品,帮助业主卖房。

其中,焕新产品主要针对基础还不错的房屋,做二次7天的美化焕新出售;清水好房则是针对几十年以上的老旧房屋做整体改造;心舍好房是针对客单价比较高的房屋,走高品质、智能化家居改造。

这种模式类似于国外的“房源美化代卖”,代卖公司对房源进行装修美化,再以特定的价格推向市场,代卖公司的业务核心来自于房源装修产生的溢价。

这一业务与现有租赁、装修业务形成协同,复用其成熟的装修供应链,可以为资本市场提供新的增长叙事。

但装修代卖能否成功,核心在于两个因素,房源美化装修的性价比优势以及房源去化的能力,否则会给企业带来财务压力。而自如美家目前的拓展区域有限,仍在试水阶段。

“装修费用在几万到十几万不等,这个费用需要业主来承担。不过装修后能够提升房屋品质,挂牌价和成交价会提高一些。”自如美家二手房业务专员对「子弹财经」表示,“目前北京重点服务区域集中在青年路和三元桥板块,其他区域的业务仍在拓展中。”

自如美家并没有独立的APP,而是内嵌在自如平台内。在自如APP首页图位置,赫然陈列着“轻松买卖好房”的广告词,二手房业务甚至占据着比租赁业务更好的版面位置。

卖家享受业主服务,买家则通过平台定制买房服务享受五大权益,即买家佣金5折、全网定制找房、专业购房建议、定制装修方案和资深管家服务。

然而,价格对比却引发争议。以北京丰台区怡海花园二居室为例,该房源在自如美家定价549万元,而同小区同户型房源在贝壳找房平台定价在400万元-500万元不等,自如美家定价高出不少。不同平台房源均为简装,自如美家房源装修风格与自如出租房一致。且自如美家房源较少。

“现在二手房选择这么多,装修精美带来的溢价有限,业主不会因为新装修就提高交易价格。”一位房产中介对「子弹财经」表示,“而且很多业主担心甲醛问题,并不倾向于重新装修过的房子,害怕买到串串房。”

更是有消费者直言:“自如的装修风格出租还行,买卖时就显得不那么‘上档次’。”

业主承担额外装修费,买家支付高溢价,这笔交易能否双赢,本身就要打个问号。更关键的是,二手房业务上线一年有余,但在用户心智中自如仍是一家租赁企业,而非交易平台。

“贝壳做了十多年了品质有保障,其他品牌还有我爱我家、安居客、58同城可选,自如美家知名度不高,虽然买房能打5折,但在房产交易这件大事上,服务水准和置业专业度可比价格要重要的多。”一位正在考虑购买二手房的用户表示。

此外,自如还推出“智爱家”和“自如家服”子品牌,布局智能智装与家庭服务,试图打通全产业链,但多元化扩张能否真正形成合力,尚待验证。

针对二手房业务模式等问题,自如方面称公司业务尚在拓展中,不便回应。

3

合规难,竞争更难

用户口碑下滑,也从侧面折射出自如在房屋市场管理合规上有待改进。

今年4月,自如因官网发布不真实、不准确房源信息,被北京市住建委责令改正并罚款3万元。

这种违规事件并非孤例。自2021年“规范发展长租房市场”被写入政府工作报告以来,行业监管持续收紧,长租公寓从野蛮生长迈入合规化、精细化的新阶段。

当前,长租行业形成四类主要参与者:

一是房地产开发商系,如万科泊寓、龙湖冠寓、旭辉领寓,自2016年后大规模进入租赁市场;

二是房地产中介系,如链家(贝壳)、我爱我家,凭借门店网络和经纪人资源,在获客和转化上具备天然壁垒;

三是第三方专业化运营平台,以自如为代表,聚焦分散式房源管理与服务;

四是酒店集团,如华住与窝趣,侧重于集中式公寓和轻资产托管。

据中指研究院报告,长租行业格局渐趋清晰:房企系主导规模,地方国企系主导保障性租赁,创业系和酒店系则深耕轻资产运营,各类型企业优势互补,但彼此间的竞争也日趋激烈。

自如虽在分散式长租领域占据先发优势,但面对开发商系的资金实力、中介系的线下渗透力,以及国企系在保障性租赁住房上的政策红利,其“护城河”并不稳固。

而合规风险问题的发生不仅侵蚀品牌信任度,更可能影响资本市场对其治理能力和内控水平的评估。

事实上,自如的上市计划已延宕多年。2019年底曾传出赴美IPO,筹资5亿-10亿美元;2023年3月又传最早于4月向港交所递表;同年7月再次被曝出“最快三季度递交招股书”。

此外,自2020年后,自如再无新融资进入,缺乏外部输血,只能靠内部造血和拓展新业务求生。

有观点认为,二手房买卖业务确能为IPO增添新叙事,但也可能干扰上市进程——新业务的合规性、盈利能力及成长性,尚需时间验证,若被视作掩盖核心租赁业务下滑的“权宜之计”,反而会削弱投资人的信心。

从“省心租”到“增益租”,从长租公寓到二手房代卖,自如始终在寻找抵御周期、拓宽边界的路径。

熊林将公司定位为“提供高品质居住产品和服务的科技公司”,而非简单的“最大房东”——这一愿景固然宏大,但现实却是:转型的成本部分转嫁给了业主,合规风险仍存,新业务溢价过高且品牌认知薄弱。

租赁市场回暖,企业利润回升,但业主未能共享红利,反而被压价、解约、倒赔装修款,这种“单赢”格局注定难以持久。

二手房代卖虽打开了想象空间,但若不能解决去化效率和用户信任问题,便只是一场“华丽的冒险”。

对自如而言,最难的日子或许过去了,但真正的考验才刚刚开始——如何在商业利益与合作伙伴权益之间找到平衡、在合规框架下重建口碑以及让二手房新业务不沦为“故事”而成为可持续的增长引擎,这些问题的答案,远比一句“最难的时候过去了”要沉重得多。

注:文/冯羽,文章来源:子弹财经(公众号ID:Mzg5OTkwMzM0Ng==),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:子弹财经

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