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三星电气更名后赴港IPO 康复医院生意变了

张钰 2026-07-01 07:12
张钰 2026/07/01 07:12

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本文核心信息是宁波三星电气更名后赴港递交IPO申请,其业务变化折射出国内康复医院行业十年发展起落,核心干货如下:

1. 三星电气是国内老牌电能表龙头,1993年就成为国内电能表行业第一,2011年登陆上交所,2015年切入康复医疗赛道,靠并购扩张做成国内规模最大的连锁康复医院网络,截至2025年底拥有38家医院、超1万张床位,康复医疗市场份额全国第一。

2. 当前国内康复医院行业发展远低于十年前预期,受DRG医保支付改革影响,长周期康复的盈利空间被大幅压缩,叠加公立康复科不断扩张,民营康复医院普遍经营承压,就连头部玩家也出现大额商誉减值、旗下医院破产清算的情况。

3. 当前三星电气电气业务占总营收七成以上,智能电表出货量全球份额达10.1%,连续六年位居全球第一,目前正重点拓展海外市场,海外订单增长明显,但也面临国内招标降价导致毛利率下滑的问题。

本文通过三星电气双主业发展的案例,给布局多赛道的品牌商提供了关于行业趋势、业务布局的参考干货,具体如下:

1. 行业趋势层面:康复医疗赛道十年前被视为老龄化背景下的黄金赛道,但实际受医保支付政策调整、公立医疗体系挤压、康复学科建设不足等多重限制,行业增长远低于预期,截至2025年全国康复医院仅约880家,未来五年复合增长率仅1.8%,民营连锁盈利难度极高,头部玩家都在收缩退出。

2. 业务布局层面:三星电气靠并购快速做成全国第一的康复连锁规模,但医保DRG付费改革后,长周期康复的原有盈利逻辑被打破,出现了3.56亿元的大额商誉减值,甚至有分院破产清算,跨界政策敏感型赛道需要警惕盈利预期偏差的风险。

3. 传统主业升级层面:智能电表受益全球电网升级、新能源并网趋势,出海打开了新增长空间,三星电气做到全球出货量第一,但国内集中采购导致价格持续下探,毛利率大幅压缩,品牌出海是可行方向但也要提前应对成本压力。

本文梳理了康复医疗与智能配电两个赛道的最新变化,对相关领域卖家整理了政策、机会、风险层面的干货,具体如下:

1. 政策影响层面:康复医疗领域,DRG医保付费改革已经全面推开,康复医疗多为长周期治疗,若治疗成本超出医保预定支付额度,超支部分需要医院自行承担,同时医保报销还需要经过年度额度审批,存在收入调整的风险,对民营康复机构的盈利冲击十分明显。

2. 增长机会层面:智能配电赛道受益全球电网升级、新能源并网的趋势,海外市场需求旺盛,增长空间大,三星电气2026年一季度海外配电在手订单达到22.95亿元,同比增长37.66%,出海已经成为传统电气业务新的核心增长极。

3. 风险提示层面:国内智能电表市场,国家电网、南方电网持续推进集中采购,招标价格不断下探,三星电气智能配电产品毛利率从34%降至26%,新能源产品毛利率更是降到7.1%,接近盈亏平衡,相关卖家需要警惕国内市场价格战的风险。

本文以三星电气这家传统制造企业的转型发展为例,给生产型工厂整理了业务布局、转型发展相关的干货,具体如下:

1. 跨界转型层面:制造工厂跨界新赛道需要充分评估政策风险与行业环境,三星电气作为老牌电能表龙头,2015年跨界康复医疗,仅用十年就做到行业规模第一,但受医保政策调整影响,医疗业务增长乏力,营收占比持续下滑,还出现了大额商誉减值,没能成为预期中的第二增长曲线。

2. 主业升级的商业机会:传统制造主业只要抓住全球产业变革趋势,依然可以打开新的增长空间,三星电气的智能电表业务抓住全球电网升级、新能源并网的需求,大力拓展海外市场,目前出货量连续六年位居全球第一,海外业务成为新的增长支撑。

3. 转型启示:制造工厂推进多元化布局时,要平衡新老业务的资源分配,核心资源应当聚焦增长逻辑清晰的主业,跨界进入医疗这类政策敏感度高的领域,需要提前做好充分的风险评估,避免盲目扩张。

本文梳理了国内康复医疗和智能配电两个行业的最新发展趋势、痛点,给相关领域服务商整理了干货,具体如下:

1. 康复医疗行业核心痛点:民营连锁康复医院当前最突出的痛点来自医保支付政策变化,DRG付费模式下,长周期康复产生的额外成本无法获得对应医保补偿,同时还面临医保回款审批调整、固定成本高的压力,再加上需要和公立医院康复科竞争患者资源,获客成本高,盈利难度大。

2. 智能配电行业发展趋势:全球电网升级、新能源并网带动了智能电表的大量需求,出海成为国内智能配电企业的核心增长方向,国内头部企业已经做到全球出货量第一,但是国内市场面临价格持续下探的压力,企业有较强的降本增效、供应链优化的服务需求。

3. 行业服务机会:当前康复医疗行业整体进入整合阶段,头部企业纷纷收缩,需求依然存在但行业格局重塑,给医疗运营、患者转诊、资产管理等相关服务商带来了新的整合机会。

本文披露了三星电气更名赴港IPO的案例与康复医疗行业的最新变化,给相关平台商整理了业务需求、风险规避层面的干货,具体如下:

1. 企业对资本平台的需求:A股实体企业赴港IPO,会更贴合自身当前的业务核心调整定位,三星电气在递表前改回原名,就是为了匹配电气业务出海的资本叙事,迎合资本市场对增长主线的预期,平台需要贴合企业当前的业务定位提供对应的资本服务。

2. 招商与风险规避:康复医疗赛道过往依赖并购扩张、享受政策红利的发展模式已经难以为继,民营康复连锁普遍面临盈利不稳定、政策风险高的问题,平台引入相关企业需要重点评估医保政策对盈利的影响,规避行业性风险。

3. 业务机会:当前大量传统制造企业正在推进出海拓展,尤其是智能配电这类符合全球新能源转型趋势的制造企业,增长逻辑清晰,具备全球化发展潜力,平台可以针对性出台招商、运营扶持政策,吸引这类优质企业对接资源。

本文通过三星电气的发展案例,折射了国内民营康复医疗赛道与传统制造出海的最新产业动向,给产业研究整理了相关干货,具体如下:

1. 产业新问题:民营康复医疗赛道开放十年,虽然社会资本进入的政策已经放开,但受DRG医保支付改革、公立康复体系扩张、康复学科人才培养不足多重因素影响,行业增长远低于最初预期,头部连锁企业都出现了盈利下滑、大额商誉减值、甚至退出行业的情况,此前老龄化带动行业爆发的增长逻辑没有兑现。

2. 制造产业新动向:传统电气制造企业抓住全球电网升级、新能源转型的风口,大力拓展海外市场,已经实现全球领先,国内头部企业三星电气智能电表出货量全球占比达到10.1%,连续六年位居全球第一,出海成为传统制造企业新的增长主线。

3. 政策启示:社会资本办医领域,医保支付政策对行业盈利模式影响深远,当前的DRG支付方式没有考虑康复医疗长周期治疗的行业特性,制约了行业发展,后续政策调整需要适配康复医疗的特性,才能推动行业健康发展。

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Quick Summary

This article covers the core update that Ningbo Sanxing Electric, after changing its corporate name, has submitted an IPO application to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Its evolving business portfolio reflects the 10-year rise and fall of China’s rehabilitation hospital industry. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Sanxing Electric is a long-established leading Chinese enterprise in the electricity meter industry. It became China’s top player in the sector as early as 1993 and went public on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2011. It entered the rehabilitation healthcare sector in 2015, expanding through acquisitions to build China’s largest chain rehabilitation hospital network. By the end of 2025, it operates 38 hospitals with over 10,000 beds, holding the largest market share in China’s rehabilitation healthcare market.

2. China’s current rehabilitation hospital industry is growing far slower than projected a decade ago. Driven by the DRG-based medical insurance payment reform, the profit margin for long-cycle rehabilitation care has been significantly compressed. Combined with the continuous expansion of rehabilitation departments in public hospitals, most private rehabilitation hospitals are under operational pressure. Even the industry’s top players have recorded large goodwill impairments and bankruptcy liquidation of their affiliated hospitals.

3. Sanxing Electric’s traditional electrical business still accounts for over 70% of its total revenue. It holds a 10.1% global market share in smart meter shipments, ranking first globally for six consecutive years. The company is now focusing on expanding into overseas markets, which has delivered notable growth in overseas orders, but it still faces gross margin decline caused by price cuts in domestic bidding.

Using Sanxing Electric’s dual-core business development as a case study, this article provides actionable insights on industry trends and business layout for brands pursuing multi-sector expansion. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Industry trends: The rehabilitation healthcare sector was regarded as a high-growth "golden track" a decade ago amid China’s aging population. However, due to multiple constraints including medical insurance policy adjustments, competition from the public healthcare system, and insufficient discipline development, the sector has grown far slower than expected. As of 2025, China has only around 880 rehabilitation hospitals, with a projected 1.8% compound annual growth rate over the next five years. It remains extremely difficult for private chain operators to generate profits, and top players are currently scaling back or exiting the market.

2. Business layout: Sanxing Electric rapidly built the largest national rehabilitation chain through acquisitions, but after the rollout of DRG-based medical insurance payment reform, the original profit model for long-cycle rehabilitation was upended. The company recorded a large goodwill impairment of 356 million yuan, and even one of its branch hospitals filed for bankruptcy liquidation. This case highlights that companies entering cross-sector, policy-sensitive industries need to guard against the risk of mismatched profit expectations.

3. Traditional core business upgrading: The smart meter sector benefits from global power grid upgrades and the trend of new energy grid integration, and overseas expansion has unlocked new growth. While Sanxing Electric has claimed the top spot in global shipments, it has also faced continuous price declines from domestic centralized procurement that have significantly compressed its gross margin. Going global is a viable growth path, but brands need to prepare for cost pressure in advance.

This article summarizes the latest developments in the rehabilitation healthcare and smart power distribution sectors, sorting out key insights on policy, opportunities and risks for sellers operating in related fields. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Policy impact: In the rehabilitation healthcare sector, DRG-based medical insurance payment reform has been fully implemented. Most rehabilitation services require long-cycle treatment; if treatment costs exceed the pre-approved medical insurance payment quota, hospitals must absorb the excess cost themselves. Additionally, medical insurance reimbursement is subject to annual quota approval, creating income adjustment risks. The impact on private rehabilitation institutions’ profitability has been significant.

2. Growth opportunities: The smart power distribution sector benefits from global power grid upgrades and new energy grid integration, with strong demand and large growth space in overseas markets. In the first quarter of 2026, Sanxing Electric held 2.295 billion yuan in outstanding overseas power distribution orders, representing a 37.66% year-on-year increase. Overseas expansion has become the new core growth driver for traditional electrical businesses.

3. Risk warnings: In the domestic smart meter market, State Grid and China Southern Power Grid continue to implement centralized procurement, pushing bidding prices steadily downward. Sanxing Electric’s gross margin for smart power distribution products dropped from 34% to 26%, and the gross margin of its new energy products fell to just 7.1%, near the break-even point. Sellers in related fields need to be wary of price war risks in the domestic market.

Using the transformation and development of traditional manufacturer Sanxing Electric as a case study, this article sorts out insights related to business layout and transformation for manufacturing factories. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Cross-sector transformation: Manufacturing factories need to fully assess policy risks and industry conditions before entering new sectors. As a long-standing leading electricity meter manufacturer, Sanxing Electric entered the rehabilitation healthcare sector in 2015 and became the industry’s largest player by size in just 10 years. However, affected by medical insurance policy adjustments, the healthcare business has stagnated, with its share of total revenue continuing to decline, and the company has recorded large goodwill impairments. It has failed to become the expected second growth curve.

2. Growth opportunities for core business upgrading: As long as traditional manufacturing core businesses can capture the trend of global industrial change, they can still unlock new growth space. Sanxing Electric’s smart meter business capitalized on growing demand from global power grid upgrades and new energy grid integration, aggressively expanding into overseas markets. It now holds the top global spot in shipments for six consecutive years, with overseas business becoming its new growth pillar.

3. Transformation takeaways: When pursuing diversified expansion, manufacturing factories need to balance resource allocation between new and existing businesses. Core resources should be focused on core businesses with clear growth logic. When entering policy-sensitive sectors such as healthcare, companies need to conduct full risk assessment in advance to avoid blind expansion.

This article summarizes the latest development trends and pain points of China’s rehabilitation healthcare and smart power distribution industries, sorting out key insights for service providers in related fields. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Core pain points of the rehabilitation healthcare industry: The most prominent pain point for private chain rehabilitation hospitals comes from changes in medical insurance payment policies. Under the DRG payment model, additional costs generated by long-cycle rehabilitation cannot receive corresponding medical insurance compensation. Operators also face pressure from medical insurance reimbursement approval adjustments and high fixed costs, plus competition for patients from public hospital rehabilitation departments, leading to high customer acquisition costs and low profitability.

2. Development trends of the smart power distribution industry: Global power grid upgrades and new energy grid integration have driven surging demand for smart meters, and overseas expansion has become the core growth direction for Chinese smart power distribution enterprises. China’s top domestic player has already claimed the top spot in global shipments, but domestic enterprises face sustained downward price pressure, creating strong demand for cost reduction, efficiency improvement and supply chain optimization services.

3. Industry service opportunities: The rehabilitation healthcare industry is now entering a consolidation phase, with top players scaling back their operations. While market demand remains, the industry landscape is being reshaped, creating new consolidation opportunities for service providers specialized in medical operation, patient referral, asset management and other related fields.

This article analyzes Sanxing Electric’s post-name-change Hong Kong IPO filing and the latest changes in the rehabilitation healthcare industry, sorting out insights on business demand and risk mitigation for capital and industry platforms. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Enterprises’ demand for capital platforms: When A-share-listed实体 enterprises pursue Hong Kong IPOs, they often adjust positioning to align with their current core business. Sanxing Electric restored its original name ahead of its IPO filing to match the capital narrative of its electrical business’ global expansion, and meet capital market expectations for a clear growth mainline. Platforms need to provide corresponding capital services that match the enterprise’s current business positioning.

2. Investment promotion and risk mitigation: The historical development model of the rehabilitation healthcare sector, which relies on acquisition-led expansion and policy dividends, is no longer sustainable. Private rehabilitation chains generally face unstable profitability and high policy risk. When introducing relevant enterprises, platforms should prioritize assessing the impact of medical insurance policies on profitability to avoid industry-wide systemic risks.

3. Business opportunities: A large number of traditional Chinese manufacturing enterprises are now pursuing overseas expansion, especially those in sectors aligned with global new energy transition such as smart power distribution. These enterprises have clear growth logic and strong global development potential. Platforms can launch targeted investment promotion and operation support policies to attract these high-quality enterprises and connect them with resources.

Through the case study of Sanxing Electric’s development, this article reflects the latest industrial trends in China’s private rehabilitation healthcare sector and overseas expansion of traditional manufacturing, sorting out relevant insights for industry research. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. New industry problems: It has been 10 years since China opened the rehabilitation healthcare sector to social capital. Although policies allow social capital entry, the sector has grown far slower than initially projected due to multiple factors including DRG medical insurance payment reform, expansion of the public rehabilitation system and insufficient cultivation of rehabilitation professionals. Top chain players have experienced profit decline, large goodwill impairments, and even full exit from the sector. The original growth logic driven by population aging has failed to materialize.

2. New trends in manufacturing: Traditional Chinese electrical manufacturing enterprises have capitalized on the boom of global power grid upgrades and new energy transition, aggressively expanding overseas and achieving global leadership. China’s top player Sanxing Electric holds a 10.1% global share of smart meter shipments, ranking first globally for six consecutive years. Overseas expansion has become the new core growth mainline for traditional manufacturing enterprises.

3. Policy implications: In the field of social-capital-run hospitals, medical insurance payment policy has a profound impact on industry profitability. The current DRG payment model does not account for the industry-specific characteristics of long-cycle rehabilitation care, which constrains industry development. Future policy adjustments need to be adapted to the characteristics of rehabilitation healthcare to promote the healthy development of the sector.

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6月12日,宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司(以下简称:三星电气)向港交所递交上市申请,中金公司担任独家保荐人。截至递表前,公司A股市值约200亿元。

就在递表前不久,这家上市公司完成了一次证券简称变更——从沿用近十年的“三星医疗”重新改回“三星电气”。

2015年,公司进入康复医疗领域,并将医疗服务与智能配用电设备确立为双主业。十年间,三星电气已拥有国内规模最大的连锁康复医院网络。

但近年来,公司的医疗业务收入占比持续回落,而电气业务则成为增长的主要支撑并逐渐拓展海外市场。

此番改名背后,不仅折射出这家浙江制造企业十年来的业务变化,还有国内康复医院行业的起落。

01 电表龙头的第二增长曲线

三星电气最早可追溯至1986年,1989年进入电能表行业,1991年创立“三星”品牌,1993年已成为国内电能表行业龙头。2011年,公司登陆上交所主板。

若此次H股上市顺利完成,这将成为奥克斯集团创始人郑坚江控制的第四个资本平台。根据招股书,郑坚江通过奥克斯集团及一致行动安排,直接及间接控制公司40.44%的股份,为实际控制人。

2015年,三星电气正式进入医疗服务行业,切入康复医院赛道。当年,三星电气全资子公司奥克斯投资联合宁波开云等机构发起设立医疗产业并购基金“奥克斯开云”,专门从事医疗服务产业投资和整合。

在2010年代,中国康复医疗体系尚处于早期发展阶段,公立医院康复科资源有限,大量患者在急性期治疗结束后缺乏连续康复服务。国务院于2013年发布《关于促进健康服务业发展的若干意见》,明确鼓励社会资本进入医疗服务领域,为民营医疗机构发展打开政策空间。

三星电气将重症康复作为核心方向。重症患者在ICU、神经外科、心胸外科等科室完成急性期治疗后,往往需要长期康复训练和功能重建,其治疗周期长、专业要求高,也更依赖标准化医疗体系支撑。

同时,三星电气也在着重发展神经康复、功能康复,以及老年康复。

乘着这一波东风,三星电气的医疗服务板块过去十年间迅速扩张,到2025年底,旗下医院总数达到38家,总床位数超过1万张。

三星电气旗下医院覆盖浙江、江苏、山东、河南、江西、湖南等多省市,股权逐层归集在三星电气的全资子公司明州医疗集团下,多以“明州康复医院”品牌运营。

根据招股书数据,截至2025年底,公司拥有25家经营中的康复医院,在中国所有连锁康复医院集团中排名第一;以收入计算,公司康复医疗业务市场份额达到2.8%,位列全国第一。

尽管医疗服务板块如火如荼,但为公司贡献主要营收的始终是电气板块。2025年,公司实现营业收入143.61亿元,其中智能配用电业务收入超过百亿元,占总收入七成以上。

根据弗若斯特沙利文数据,按2025年出货量计算,公司智能电表全球市场份额达到10.1%,连续六年位居全球第一。在欧洲、亚洲、非洲及拉丁美洲等多个市场,公司均建立起较强的渠道和客户基础。

对比之下,2025年三星电气医疗服务板块实现收入29.76亿元,占总营收20.7%,较2024年的32.58亿元下降8.7%,收入占比也从22.3%进一步降至20.7%。

不难看出,三星电气的医疗板块更多承担业务多元化的角色,而非主导整体增长。

02 两度改名背后:医疗负重,电气走强

长久以来都不是营收主力的医疗板块,却长期“冠名”了公司简称。

在2015年公司尝试将医疗服务打造为第二增长曲线之时,其证券简称由“三星电气”更改为“三星医疗”,显示着公司和资本市场对这一新增长点的期待。

但就在今年6月递表港交所前夕(即2026年4月),公司证券简称又由“三星医疗”变更为“三星电气”。这背后,是医疗服务板块对公司的“拖累”日益加重。

2025年,公司计提商誉减值损失3.56亿元,而2024年仅为1400万元,增幅超过24倍。

减值主要来自早年收购的多家康复医院,其中浙江明州康复计提减值1.1亿元,常州明州康复计提9846万元,南昌明州康复计提4141万元。部分医院累计减值金额已经接近甚至覆盖最初并购形成的商誉价值。

对于依赖并购扩张的医疗服务企业而言,这意味着此前对医院未来盈利能力的预期发生变化。重要背景之一,是医保支付方式改革持续深入。

截至2025年底,三星电气旗下28家医院已纳入医保定点体系,其中22家已实施DRG付费。

所谓DRG(疾病诊断相关分组)付费,是指医保部门按照疾病类型预先确定支付标准,而非按照医院实际发生费用进行报销。如果患者治疗成本高于医保支付额度,超出部分需要由医院自行承担。

对于康复医院而言,这种变化影响尤为明显。康复医疗特别是重症康复,本质上依赖较长住院周期。患者从ICU转出后,往往需要数周甚至数月时间进行神经功能、呼吸功能和运动能力恢复。

过去按项目付费模式下,住院时间越长、治疗项目越多,医院收入通常也会相应增加。但在DRG模式下,医保支付金额基本固定,医院继续延长住院时间所产生的额外成本未必能够获得对应补偿。

招股书显示,公司绝大多数患者均由政府医保覆盖,医院收入主要来自医保基金结算。这意味着医保支付规则的变化,会直接影响医院盈利能力。

除了支付标准趋严,医院还面临回款和预算管理压力。根据招股书披露,医保报销金额最终需经过政府年度额度审批程序确认,因此医院在提供医疗服务时确认的收入,本质上属于可变对价,需要根据历史经验进行估计。最终审批结果与此前确认金额之间的差异,则会在后续期间进行调整。

2023年至2025年,公司因此分别确认收入调整850万元、90万元和3010万元。

虽然大部分医保款项通常能够在两至三个月内到账,但对于拥有超过万张床位、固定成本较高的康复医院而言,医保控费强化意味着收入增长空间受到约束,而医护薪酬、物业租赁、设备折旧等支出却难以同步下降。

与医疗业务承压形成鲜明对比的是,三星电气的配电业务正逐渐打开新的增长空间。

2023年开始,公司将海外配电业务作为重点拓展方向。截至2026年一季度,公司海外配电在手订单达到22.95亿元,同比增长37.66%。

不过,电表业务也面临着不小的挑战。2025年,公司整体毛利率由2024年的34.1%降至27.1%,其中智能配电及用电产品毛利率由34.0%降至26.0%。

作为国内市场份额领先的企业,三星电气虽然能够保持订单规模,但议价能力同样受到压制。国家电网、南方电网等大型客户持续推进集中采购,智能电表及配电设备招标价格不断下探。

同时,新能源业务扩产带来折旧摊销增加,招股书显示,新能源产品毛利率更由2024年的17.8%骤降至2025年的7.1%,几乎被压缩至盈亏平衡边缘。

双重压力之下,2025年三星电气实现归母净利润12.74亿元,同比下降43.62%;进入2026年一季度,归母净利润同比下降65.8%至1.67亿元。

不过,相比受到医保政策影响的医疗服务业务,电气板块的增长逻辑显然更加清晰。

尤其是全球电网升级、新能源并网以及配电系统改造持续推进,公司具备全球化扩张空间的电气业务,正在重新成为资本市场叙事的核心,使用“三星电气”名称出海,显然更符合当下需求。

03 旗下康复医院破产清算,行业发展落寞

三星电气海外配电业务快速发展的同时,公司旗下康复医院却传来破产清算的消息。2026年3月,全国企业破产重整案件信息网披露,扬州明州康复医院进入破产清算程序。

这家成立于2021年的二级康复专科医院,设计床位325张,曾被三星电气定位为江苏区域重症康复网络的重要节点之一。

早在2025年12月,扬州市卫健委便同意医院自2026年1月1日起停业两年,并安排南京明州康复医院接收病历管理工作。从停业到破产清算,仅用了不到三个月时间。

对比三星电气的旗舰康复医院、拥有千张床位且经营良好的大型三级综合医院宁波明州医院,扬州明州康复医院并非公司医疗服务板块核心资产,但扬州明州康复医院的“退场”,仍反映出康复医院经营不易。

从财务数据来看,三星电气的医疗服务板块近几年并非没有增长。

2023年至2025年,公司核定床位数由3527张增长至5997张,增幅接近70%。同期患者平均住院天数从22天增长至31天,住院次均费用由29991元增长至36287元。

然而从流量上来看,2025年公司门诊量为98.9万人次,较2023年的108.6万人次下降近9%;出院患者数量则从2024年的6.9万人次回落至6.3万人次;手术量也从14972台下降至12307台。

这也是当前康复医院行业普遍面临的现实。

根据弗若斯特沙利文数据,中国康复医院数量仅由2021年的约810家增长至2025年的约880家,复合增长率仅2.1%。即便展望2030年,全国康复医院数量预计也仅达到960家,未来五年复合增长率进一步降至1.8%,届时市场规模仍不足600亿元。

康复医疗的发展速度低于许多人的预期,一个重要原因在于其在医疗体系中的定位始终相对模糊。

长期以来,康复医学在国内医学教育体系中属于二级学科,在人才培养、学科建设、科研资源配置等方面均弱于临床专科。

此外,大量患者仍然习惯于在三甲医院完成后续康复治疗,而公立医院也在不断强化自身康复科建设。

在此背景下,民营康复医院既要承担重资产投入,又需要持续获取患者转诊资源,本质上始终处于公立医疗体系的夹缝之中。

三星电气在康复医院领域遭遇增长挑战并非孤例。2025年底,国药控股挂牌出售健嘉医疗45%股权,选择彻底退出这一国内头部康复医院集团。

健嘉医疗由国药控股与复星医药共同孵化,截至出售前拥有25家康复医院、约8000张床位,规模与三星电气医疗板块相近。

但即便如此,公司2024年仍亏损超过1亿元,2025年前三季度继续亏损6500余万元,总负债达到38.5亿元。最终,国药控股将康复医疗完全交由复星体系运营。

十年前,康复医疗曾被视为人口老龄化背景下最具潜力的医疗赛道之一。十年后,受行业政策、消费能力以及学科建设等限制,需求依然存在,但行业并没有诞生真正意义上的全国性龙头,行业整体发展也逐渐落寞。

对于三星电气而言,医疗业务仍然是重要组成部分,但从更现实的角度看,资本市场如今更愿意关注的,或许已经不是那些尚未兑现的康复故事。

注:文/张钰,文章来源:创业最前线(公众号ID:chuangyezuiqianxian),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:创业最前线

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FAQ回顾

三星电气的核心业务是什么?

三星电气实行智能配用电设备、康复医疗服务双主业模式。其中智能配用电业务为核心增长支柱,2025年营收超百亿元占总营收七成以上,智能电表全球市场份额10.1%,连续六年位居全球第一;康复医疗板块拥有国内规模最大的连锁康复医院网络。

DRG付费模式对康复医院经营有什么影响?

DRG付费指医保按疾病类型预先确定支付标准,超出部分由医院自行承担。康复医疗尤其是重症康复依赖较长住院周期,该模式下医院延长住院时间产生的额外成本无法获得对应补偿,直接压缩盈利空间,还会带来回款和预算管理压力。

国内康复医疗行业近年发展情况如何?

2021至2025年国内康复医院数量复合增长率仅2.1%,预计2025至2030年复合增长率进一步降至1.8%,行业增速低于预期。民营康复医院面临医保控费、公立康复科挤压、患者资源获取难、重资产投入等多重压力,头部企业普遍出现亏损。

三星电气为什么从三星医疗更名回三星电气?

三星电气2015年布局康复医疗赛道时更名三星医疗,2026年赴港IPO前改回原名。核心原因是医疗板块受医保政策影响增长承压,计提大额商誉减值,而智能配用电业务海外扩张空间大,是核心增长支柱,更名更符合出海及资本市场叙事需求。

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