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很多企业不是死于经济不好 而是死于旧增长模型失效 来自2个月的一线思考

晏涛 2026-07-24 11:52
晏涛 2026/07/24 11:52

邦小白快读

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本文核心点明当前零售企业增长难的核心原因不是宏观经济下行,而是旧增长模型已经不适应新的市场环境,梳理了消费市场现状,给普通读者分享了清晰的市场认知和实操参考。

1. 当前消费需求并未消失,只是发生了迁移,不同渠道增长分化明显,便利店、即时零售等仍保持高增长;消费者并非消费降级,而是消费分化,更看重产品实际价值而非虚无的品牌光环,渠道也在重塑消费者的需求判断。

2. 要学会分辨伪增长,真正健康的增长不能只看销售额,需要同时关注同店增长、复购率、毛利率、库存周转、现金流等核心指标,不能用规模扩张掩盖内部问题。

3. 破局核心是重构增长模型,转为用户资产驱动,要主动寻找细分增长机会,围绕消费场景调整经营,做好单店盈利模型,清晰传递产品价值。

本文给品牌商梳理了当前消费市场的全新趋势,点明旧增长模型已经失效,给出了品牌经营方向调整的干货参考。

1. 消费趋势层面:当前需求只是发生迁移,便利店、仓储会员店、即时零售仍保持双位数以上增长,百货、传统品牌专卖店明显承压;消费者是消费分化而非降级,愿意为可信品质、明确功效和良好体验付费,不再为虚无的品牌光环买单。

2. 渠道与定价层面:不同新渠道正在重塑消费者需求,传统品牌不能只靠降价拉动需求,要适配不同渠道做差异化产品布局,重新定义自身渠道价值。

3. 经营层面:要警惕单纯门店扩张、GMV增长等伪增长,需要重构用户资产驱动的增长模型,深耕细分增长口袋,清晰传递产品价值,提升新品存活率,避免盲目降价消耗品牌与利润。

本文给零售卖家分析了当前市场的变化,明确提示了经营风险,同时给出了破局方向与机会参考。

1. 机会层面:当前消费需求并未消失,只是发生迁移,便利店、仓储会员店、无人商店、即时零售仍保持高增长,健康、美妆、宠物、兴趣等领域仍有充足消费空间,细分人群、场景、渠道存在大量未被满足的增长口袋。

2. 风险提示:旧的“开更多店+买更多流量+上更多商品+做更大促销”的增长公式已经失效,会透支企业利润;要警惕各类伪增长,单纯门店扩张、补贴拉动GMV、压货式新品增长都是不健康的,很容易引发现金流断裂,最终陷入恶性循环。

3. 实操方向:要重构用户资产驱动的增长模型,优化单店盈利模型,找准细分消费场景,清晰传递产品价值,做差异化产品布局,重点关注复购率与现金流健康。

本文给生产制造类工厂分析了当前消费端的变化,指明了新的商业机会与数字化电商转型方向。

1. 产品生产设计需求层面:当前消费者不再看重笼统的品牌标签,更看重明确功效、可信品质和良好体验,当下产品同质化严重、模仿速度快,工厂需要摆脱同质化竞争,打造差异化的产品价值,不要只靠打价格战争夺市场。

2. 商业机会层面:当前渠道变革催生了大量新需求,会员店自有品牌、白牌、本土品牌都在不断挤压传统品牌的溢价空间,工厂可以依托自身成熟的供应链能力,切入这些新赛道,对接不同渠道的差异化需求。

3. 转型启示:当前市场已经进入细分时代,大单品的时代已经结束,不要再做全国统一的大单品,要针对不同区域、人群、渠道做差异化的产品组合,围绕用户需求调整生产,提升新品的存活率和复购率,不要盲目堆新品数量。

本文梳理了当前零售消费行业的发展趋势,总结了零售企业的核心痛点,给服务商指明了业务方向的参考。

1. 行业发展趋势:当前零售行业已经从增量市场进入存量市场,消费需求发生迁移,消费者习惯和渠道结构都发生了本质变化,大量传统零售企业的旧增长模型普遍失效,全行业都面临转型重构增长模型的需求。

2. 客户核心痛点:大部分传统零售企业还在沿用旧的增量增长逻辑,容易陷入伪增长陷阱,陆续出现单店产出下降、获客成本升高、库存周转变慢、毛利下降、现金流紧张等问题,多数企业不知道如何搭建适配新环境的增长模型。

3. 业务解决方案方向:服务商可以围绕用户资产运营帮企业搭建新的增长模型,帮助企业做细分场景调研、单店模型优化、产品价值梳理、差异化产品布局,帮企业提升新品命中率、复购率和现金流健康度,解决旧增长失效的核心问题。

本文给零售平台商分析了当前市场变化和商家需求,指明了平台运营、招商发展和风险规避的方向。

1. 商家核心需求:当前不同类型的渠道需要承担种草、体验、服务、销售等不同价值,商家不再只需要平台提供流量,更需要平台能够适配自身差异化发展需求,帮助商家触达细分场景的目标用户,助力商家传递产品价值。

2. 平台运营方向:不同类型平台需要找准自身独特价值定位,比如会员店要做好精选选品、即时零售要满足即时需求、内容电商要做好需求创造,通过差异化价值帮助消费者降低选择成本,才能形成自身的核心竞争力。

3. 招商与风险规避:平台要警惕只追求商家数量、规模扩张的伪增长,要关注入驻商家的单店盈利、复购和现金流健康,引导商家转型用户资产驱动的增长模型,同时重点引入细分赛道的优质商家,匹配不同场景的消费需求。

本文总结了当前中国零售消费产业的新动向、新问题,提出了全新的增长商业模式方向,对产业研究有较高的参考价值。

1. 产业新动向:当前国内消费市场需求发生明显迁移,便利店、仓储会员店、即时零售等新型渠道崛起,传统线下渠道增长承压;消费者决策从原来的品牌价格判断转向总价值判断,渠道也从原来的分流转向重塑需求,原有零售产业格局发生深刻变化。

2. 产业新问题:大量传统零售企业沿用旧的增量增长公式,靠规模扩张掩盖内部问题,容易陷入伪增长陷阱,最终引发现金流断裂,研究证实旧增长模型失效才是零售企业增长难的核心原因,而非宏观经济周期。

3. 商业模式研究方向:本文提出了用户资产驱动的全新增长模型,总结了该模型的六个核心落地方向,即寻找细分增长口袋、研究具体消费场景、优化单店模型、传递清晰产品价值、做差异化布局、提升新品效率,为零售产业转型研究提供了全新的方向。

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Quick Summary

This article argues that the slow growth of retail businesses today is not caused by macroeconomic downturn, but the fact that traditional growth models are no longer suited to the new market environment. It outlines the current consumer landscape, and offers ordinary readers clear market insights and actionable guidance.

1. Consumer demand has not disappeared, it has simply shifted. Growth has diverged sharply across channels: convenience stores and on-demand retail are still posting strong double-digit growth. It is not consumption downgrading we are seeing, but consumption polarization; consumers now value the real value of products more than empty brand prestige, and channels are reshaping how consumers evaluate what they want.

2. Companies must learn to distinguish fake growth from healthy growth. Real sustainable growth is not measured by sales alone; it relies on core metrics including same-store growth, repeat purchase rate, gross margin, inventory turnover and cash flow. Blind scale expansion should never be used to cover up internal operational problems.

3. The key to breaking the impasse is to rebuild a user asset-driven growth model. Companies should proactively seek out niche growth opportunities, adjust operations around consumption scenarios, refine profitable unit-level models, and communicate product value clearly to consumers.

This article outlines the latest trends in China's consumer market for brands, explains why traditional growth models have become obsolete, and delivers actionable insights for adjusting brand operations.

1. For consumption trends: Demand has simply shifted to new formats. Convenience stores, warehouse clubs and on-demand retail still grow at double-digit rates, while department stores and traditional brand flagship stores face notable growth pressure. We are seeing polarization of consumption rather than downgrading; consumers are now willing to pay for trusted quality, clear functionality and good experience, instead of paying a premium for hollow brand prestige.

2. For channel and pricing strategy: New channels are reshaping consumer demand. Traditional brands should no longer rely on price cuts to drive demand; they need to develop differentiated product portfolios for different channels, and redefine their own channel value proposition.

3. For operations: Brands should beware of fake growth such as pure store expansion or chasing GMV growth at all costs. They need to rebuild a user asset-driven growth model, focus on deepening penetration into niche growth pockets, communicate product value clearly, improve new product survival rates, and avoid eroding brand value and profits through blind price cuts.

This article analyzes current market changes for retail sellers, clearly flags operational risks, and provides guidance on breakthough directions and growth opportunities.

1. Growth opportunities: Consumer demand has not disappeared, it has just shifted. Convenience stores, warehouse clubs, unmanned stores and on-demand retail still maintain robust growth; sectors including health, beauty, pet care and hobby goods still have ample room for expansion, and there are many unmet "growth pockets" across niche consumer groups, consumption scenarios and channels.

2. Risk warnings: The old growth formula of "open more stores + buy more traffic + add more SKUs + run bigger promotions" is obsolete, and it will only erode corporate profits. Sellers must watch out for all types of fake growth: pure store expansion, GMV growth driven by customer subsidies, and new product growth built on pushing inventory to distributors are all unsustainable, and can easily lead to cash flow crunches and a vicious operational cycle.

3. Actionable guidance: Sellers should rebuild a user asset-driven growth model, optimize their unit-level store profit model, target niche consumption scenarios, communicate product value clearly, roll out differentiated product portfolios, and prioritize repeat purchase rates and healthy cash flow.

This article analyzes changes on the consumer end for manufacturing factories, and points out new business opportunities and directions for digital e-commerce transformation.

1. For product design and manufacturing: Consumers no longer value generic brand labels, and instead prioritize clear efficacy, reliable quality and positive experience. Given the current market's severe homogenization and fast copycat cycles, factories need to escape cutthroat homogeneous competition, build differentiated product value, and stop competing for market share solely through price wars.

2. For business opportunities: Ongoing channel restructuring has created large amounts of new demand. Private labels for warehouse clubs, generic white labels and local indigenous brands are steadily squeezing the premium space of traditional brands. Leveraging their mature supply chain capabilities, factories can enter these new tracks to serve the differentiated demand of different channels.

3. Transformation insights: The market has entered an era of segmentation, and the age of blockbuster national SKUs is over. Factories should stop developing one-size-fits-all blockbuster products for the entire country; instead, they need to develop differentiated product portfolios for different regions, consumer groups and channels, adjust production around user demand, and improve the survival rate and repeat purchase rate of new products instead of blindly chasing the number of new SKUs.

This article summarizes current development trends in China's retail and consumer industry, sorts out core pain points facing retail enterprises, and provides guidance for service providers on business direction.

1. Industry development trends: The retail industry has shifted from an incremental market to a stock market. Consumer demand has shifted, and fundamental changes have occurred in consumer habits and channel structure. The old growth models used by most traditional retail enterprises have generally become obsolete, and the entire industry now needs to transform and rebuild its growth framework.

2. Core customer pain points: Most traditional retail enterprises still follow the old incremental growth logic, making them prone to falling into the fake growth trap. They are increasingly facing problems including falling same-store output, rising customer acquisition costs, slower inventory turnover, declining gross margins and cash flow constraints, and most do not know how to build a growth model adapted to the new market environment.

3. Direction for business solutions: Service providers can help enterprises build new user-asset-driven growth models. They can support businesses with niche scenario research, unit store model optimization, product value refinement, differentiated product positioning, and help enterprises improve new product hit rates, boost repeat purchase rates and improve cash flow health, solving the core problem of obsolete traditional growth models.

This article analyzes current market changes and merchant demand for retail platform operators, and points out directions for platform operation, merchant recruitment development and risk prevention.

1. Core merchant demand: Different types of channels now need to deliver different value, including social discovery, in-store experience, after-sales service and transaction fulfillment. Merchants no longer only need traffic from platforms; they increasingly need platforms to support their differentiated development goals, help them reach target users in niche consumption scenarios, and assist them in communicating product value effectively.

2. Platform operation direction: Different types of platforms need to identify their own unique value positioning. For example, warehouse clubs need to focus on curated product selection, on-demand retail needs to meet immediate consumer needs, and content e-commerce needs to focus on creating new demand. Only by delivering differentiated value to reduce consumers' choice cost can platforms build core competitive advantages.

3. Merchant recruitment and risk prevention: Platforms need to avoid the fake growth trap of chasing sheer merchant numbers and blind scale expansion. They should focus on the unit profitability, repeat purchase rates and cash flow health of入驻 merchants, guide merchants to transition to user asset-driven growth models, and prioritize recruiting high-quality merchants from niche tracks to match consumer demand across different scenarios.

This article summarizes new trends and emerging problems in China's current retail and consumer industry, proposes a new direction for growth-oriented business models, and offers high reference value for industry research.

1. New industry trends: Domestic consumer demand has shifted notably, with new-format channels such as convenience stores, warehouse clubs and on-demand retail rising rapidly, while traditional offline channels face significant growth pressure. Consumer decision-making has shifted from focusing on brand and price to evaluating overall product value, and channels have shifted from simple market splitting to actively reshaping consumer demand, driving profound changes in the original retail industry structure.

2. New industry problems: A large number of traditional retail enterprises still follow the old incremental growth formula, using scale expansion to cover up internal operational problems, making them vulnerable to falling into the fake growth trap and eventually facing cash flow collapse. This research confirms that the obsolescence of traditional growth models, rather than macroeconomic cycles, is the core reason for the widespread growth difficulties facing retail enterprises today.

3. New direction for business model research: This article proposes a new user asset-driven growth model, and summarizes six core implementation directions: identifying niche growth pockets, researching specific consumption scenarios, optimizing unit-level store models, communicating clear product value, implementing differentiated market positioning, and improving new product development efficiency. It provides a brand-new direction for research on retail industry transformation.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

I am a Brand Seller Factory Service Provider Marketplace Seller Researcher Read it again.

写在前面:

这篇文章,我想聊聊自己看见的消费市场,以及为何很多企业感到增长难?

增长从不是等来的,而是努力看清真相后,一次次正确决策换来的。

有点长,建议大家耐心看完。

如果只是经济不好,所有零售企业应该一起下滑。

但实际不是这样。我查了下数据:

2026年上半年,便利店增长6.6%,仓储会员店和无人商店增长超过25%,即时零售保持两位数增长。

但是像,百货店、品牌专卖店、传统家电家居渠道却明显承压。我还专门写过关于万和欧派的文章。

这说明一件事:市场不是没有需求,而是需求正在迁移。

更关键的是,我还看到,在严格快消品统计口径下,一季度销量增长1.3%,销售额却下降1.3%。

这说明,消费者还在买,但他们购买的价格、品牌、规格和渠道都变了。

最近和几个零售、消费品牌老板聊下来,我越来越觉得,很多人把问题归因于经济不好,其实是把真正的问题看轻了。

宏观经济只是压力来源,真正让大量零售企业掉队的,是环境变了,需求变了,经营模式没变。

换句话说,很多企业不是死于经济不好,而是死于旧增长模型失效。

1.

旧增长公式,开始反噬企业

过去很多零售企业的增长公式很简单:

开更多店 × 拿更多流量 × 上更多商品 × 做更大促销 = 规模增长

这套公式在增量市场里非常有效。

门店多开一点,销售就多一点;流量多买一点,成交就多一点;SKU多上一点,机会就多一点;促销力度大一点,用户就更容易下单。

但今天,这套公式可能正在消耗企业。

门店数增加,但单店产出下降;流量增加,但获客成本更高;SKU增加,库存周转变慢;促销增加,但毛利和品牌价值下降。

所以,过去这些动作叫促增长,今天很多时候叫透支。

以前,企业可以用新增门店掩盖同店下滑,用融资掩盖现金流问题,用渠道扩张掩盖产品竞争力不足。

但当总量低增长之后,很多问题就会一起暴露出来。

2.

消费者不是消费降级,而是消费分化、重新算账

我一直不太喜欢讲“消费降级”这个词。它是片面的。

它容易让企业产生一个误判:只要把价格降下来,消费者就会回来。

但真实情况不是这样。

消费者不是不买了,而是变得更会算账了。我在5月份给银泰商业的品牌销冠们讲课时,分享给一个观点,今天的消费者更不喜欢被说服销售,而且换你帮他分析,帮助他决策。

他们会对没有差异的产品降级,对有明确功能的产品继续升级;会在基础消费里比价、换品牌、换规格,也会在健康、美妆、宠物、旅行、兴趣等领域继续消费。

他们不愿意为随随便便所谓的“品牌光环”付钱,但愿意为可信品质、明确功效和良好体验付钱。

消费者不是简单降级,而是从“品牌价格判断”转向“总价值判断”。

很多企业把消费者不买理解成“价格太高”,于是不断降价。

但真正的问题可能是:消费者不知道为什么值得买?

如果产品价值说不清,体验价值感受不到,品牌信任没有建立,价格再降,也只是在消耗利润。

我之前还写过一篇文章为什么最好的产品,往往卖不过别人?原因就在于,消费者买的不单是商品本身,而是一种价值感。

3.

渠道不是分流,而是在重塑需求

今天零售企业面对的压力,不只是消费者变了,还有供给和渠道一起变了。

中国零售市场已经从“商品不足”,进入“商品极度丰富”的阶段。

产品高度同质化,供应链成熟,模仿速度极快,新品牌、新产品、新门店大量涌入。

电商让全国商品价格高度透明,白牌、本土品牌和自有品牌不断挤压传统品牌溢价。消费者的选择成本越来越低,企业的替代风险越来越高。

更重要的是,渠道也不只是分流。

渠道正在重新定义消费者的价值判断。

会员店通过精选和自有品牌,替消费者做选择;折扣店提供长期低价;量贩零食店提供高频发现;即时零售满足“现在就要”;内容电商制造需求;AI开始帮助消费者比较产品。

传统零售企业如果还把门店理解为摆货和收银的地方,就会被同时挤压。

价格不如电商,速度不如即时零售,选品不如会员店,新鲜感不如折扣店和量贩零食,体验又不如调改型商超和主题门店。

线下门店不是不行,而是要重新定义在生意链条中价值,不同零售门店类型,应该承担种草,体验,服务,销售等不同的价值。

这不是某一个渠道抢走了客户,而是消费者形成了新的购买习惯。

4.

很多增长,其实是伪增长

我看很多企业在饮鸩止渴。越是在环境变化的时候,企业越要警惕一种情况:看起来还在增长,实际上已经很危险。

门店数量增长,但同店销售下降,新店只是稀释了问题。

GMV增长,但依赖补贴、退货和低毛利订单。

加盟收入增长,但加盟商不赚钱,闭店和纠纷只是滞后爆发。

新品销售增长,但主要来自渠道压货,并没有形成真实复购。

真正健康的增长,不是只看销售额,而是要同时看同店增长、复购率、毛利率、库存周转、门店回本周期和经营现金流。

我们常常听到xxx品牌破产倒闭。其实很多企业不是突然倒下的,而是长期用扩张维持现金循环。一旦新店开不动,加盟商停止进入,供应商缩短信账期,现金链就会迅速紧张。

所以,破产的直接原因通常不是亏损,而是现金流。

销售放缓以后,企业为了维持业绩开始降价促销,毛利下降,库存积压,现金被占用,供应商和租金压力增加,商品和服务质量下降,客流继续流失,最后进入恶性循环。

我在花加失败案例的解读中,讲过的螺旋灭亡现象,就是企业在一些关键问题上没有采取正确有效的措施,从而让自己一步步的滑向失败。

经济周期通常只是触发器,企业真正死于脆弱的成本结构、库存结构和现金结构。

5.

破局,要从重构增长模型开始

对零售企业来说,今天最重要的不是再找一个流量红利,而是重构自己的增长模型。我的判断是,这个增长模型绝不是过去的产品驱动,而是用户资产驱动。

真正建立以用户的需求,体验和场景为导向的经营模式。这也是我今年不断演讲的主题——用户资产思维。

第一,不要再赌行业普遍增长,而是寻找细分增长口袋。

市场不是没有需求,而是需求转移到了更具体的人群、场景和渠道里。这一年瑞幸咖啡绝对是值得学习的案例。

第二,不要只研究人口标签,而要研究具体消费场景和任务。

消费者不是“年轻人”“中产”“宝妈”这么简单,他们真正的决策,往往发生在某个具体任务里。这也是Jtbd的任务需求理论。

第三,不要只追求门店数量,而要重新算单店模型。

门店能不能赚钱,多久回本,复购从哪里来,现金流能不能跑通,比开多少店更重要。

第四,不要只靠促销,而要证明产品价值。

消费者不是不能买贵的,而是不愿意为说不清楚的价值付钱。

第五,不要全国一盘货,而要做区域、人群和渠道差异化。

今天的市场已经不是一个统一市场,而是由很多细分场景组成的复杂市场。大单品的时代结束了,细分产品组合赢得市场才是趋势。

第六,不要只追求不断上新,而要提高新品存活率、渗透率和复购效率。

新品多不代表增长好,真正重要的是新品能不能被消费者持续选择。直白一点,你要提升新品的命中率,而不是堆量。

6.

环境变了,企业也必须变

讲到这里,相信大家也能看懂。

很多零售企业今天感受到的难,不只是经济周期带来的压力,而是旧增长模型已经不适应新的市场环境。

消费者还在买,只是换了价格、品牌、规格和渠道。

市场还有机会,只是机会不再平均分配给所有企业。

过去靠位置、流量、渠道、促销就能增长的时代,正在过去。

接下来,企业要重新理解消费者,重新设计商品价值,重新组织渠道效率,重新管理用户关系,也要重新审视自己的现金流和组织能力。

经济放缓降低了水位,消费者变化改变了水流方向,渠道变革重画了河道;最终能否活下来,取决于企业是否看清自己,及时调整,仍能够驾驶着这个时代的船。

这才是今天零售企业最需要看清楚的事。

不是所有增长都消失了,而是旧增长方法不再有效了。

企业真正要做的,不是等环境变好,而是先让自己的经营模式适应新的环境。

/完

数据参考:国家统计局2026年上半年社会消费品零售总额数据、国家统计局答记者问、贝恩中国购物者报告相关数据。

注:文/晏涛,文章来源:晏涛营销笔记(公众号ID:yantao-219),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:晏涛营销笔记

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FAQ回顾

当前零售企业增长难的核心原因是什么?

当前零售企业增长难的核心原因并非经济下行,而是市场需求已发生迁移,传统依靠开门店、买流量、铺SKU、做大促销的旧增长模型不再适配新环境,反而会透支企业利润与现金流,导致经营陷入恶性循环。

当前国内消费市场呈现哪些新趋势?

2026年上半年国内便利店增长6.6%,仓储会员店、无人商店增长超25%,即时零售保持两位数增长;消费者并非消费降级,而是消费分化,从品牌价格判断转向总价值判断,愿意为可信品质、明确功效付费。

零售企业如何判断自身的增长是否健康?

判断增长是否健康不能仅看销售额指标,需同时关注同店增长、复购率、毛利率、库存周转、门店回本周期、经营现金流六大维度,要警惕依赖扩张、补贴、渠道压货带来的伪增长。

零售企业如何适配新环境重构增长模型?

要建立以用户需求、体验、场景为导向的用户资产驱动型经营模式,寻找细分增长机会,聚焦具体消费场景,优化单店盈利模型,明确传递产品价值,做差异化商品供给,提升新品复购效率。

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