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盒马的矛与盾 双业态的攻守道

RBF内容组 2026-06-30 14:18
RBF内容组 2026/06/30 14:18

邦小白快读

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本文核心介绍盒马当前双业态协同发展的战略布局,盒马2026财年GMV已达1070亿元,同比增幅约43%,正式进入高速扩张期,核心干货信息如下

1.盒马两大业态定位清晰,盒马鲜生是“盾”,承担守住根基的作用,目前运营超490家门店,主打中高端体验,依托十年沉淀的供应链、数字化能力,构建了可逛性的休闲购物场景,覆盖愿意为品质和体验付费的客群;超盒算NB是“矛”,主打大众硬折扣社区市场,目前已有546家门店,2026年底将突破600家,覆盖对价格敏感的日常刚需客群。

2.对普通消费者而言,两种业态能满足不同需求:周末休闲购物、体验海鲜加工等场景可以选择盒马鲜生,日常买刚需民生品可以选择家门口的超盒算NB,超盒算主打长期稳定的天天低价,不用等促销,门店步行可达,购物决策成本极低。

当前零售行业呈现明确的消费分级趋势,硬折扣赛道已经正式进入规模扩张期,给品牌商带来的核心干货如下

1.消费趋势观察:当前消费呈现K形分级,一端是愿意为品质、场景体验付费的中高端客群,一端是追求质优价廉的大众刚需客群,市场对全价格带布局的需求提升,硬折扣的大众刚需市场已经进入爆发期。

2.渠道合作机会:盒马选择供应商不看原有品牌知名度,更看重供应商是否具备独特技术和生产壁垒,拥有高壁垒技术的工厂,更容易获得盒马的合作资源,共同开发定制爆款自有品牌产品。

3.模式启示:盒马双业态共享后端供应链、物流和数字化能力,错位覆盖不同客群,既不内部消耗也形成了全价格带互补;自有品牌已经从简单贴牌升级为品牌商和供应商共创,盒马鲜生自有品牌占比35%-40%,毛利率超过40%,能为企业带来更高的盈利空间。

当前硬折扣社区零售已经从模式验证期进入规模扩张期,给各类零售卖家的核心干货信息如下

1.市场机会与风险提示:社区零售长期陷入同质化低水平竞争,硬折扣赛道已经跑通可复制的单店模型,未来三到五年赛道将从百花齐放走向寡头竞争,密度是核心胜负手,千万人口大城市需要布局100家以上门店才能实现有效覆盖,摊薄边际成本,没有供应链优势的玩家容易被淘汰。

2.可学习的实操经验:超盒算NB的成功模型可对标学习,核心是坚持天天低价不做临时促销,选址把“方便”放在第一位优先选临街门店,精简SKU至1500个左右聚焦高频刚需,自有品牌占比接近60%,采用整箱上架减少流通陈列成本,模型跑通后可比传统超市坪效高31%、人效高27%。

3.增长方向:抓住消费分级的机会,精准匹配不同客群需求,依托已有供应链能力开拓新的价格带市场,实现错位增长。

盒马双业态扩张给生产工厂带来了明确的商业机会和转型启示,核心干货如下

1.明确的商业合作机会:盒马选择合作工厂不看原有品牌知名度,核心看工厂是否拥有独特技术和生产壁垒,比如掌握HPP高压冷杀菌这类量产门槛高的技术的工厂,更容易获得盒马的合作机会,共同打造现象级爆款,比如盒马冬季HPP红心苹果汁月均销量超过10万瓶,能给工厂带来稳定的大规模订单。

2.新的合作模式:盒马更希望工厂以供应链角色参与合作,做自有品牌或定制商品的代工厂,双方共同拆解成本、定义产品标准、投入研发,这种共创模式比传统给通用品牌代工能获得更稳定的订单和更合理的利润空间,实现双赢。

3.转型启示:零售端已经走向大规模直采,对数字化效率要求越来越高,工厂需要提升自身的生产响应能力,适配零售端的直采体系,打造自身的技术生产壁垒,才能获得更多头部零售渠道的合作机会。

当前中国零售行业进入新一轮扩张周期,给零售相关服务商的核心干货如下

1.行业发展趋势:硬折扣社区零售已经从模式验证期进入大规模扩张期,未来三到五年将迎来门店开店潮,整个行业对供应链中心建设、区域物流仓配、零售数字化系统、AI技术应用的需求大幅提升,市场空间广阔。

2.客户核心痛点:零售企业当前的核心痛点一是供应链深度不足,难以支撑硬折扣模式天天低价的需求,二是高密度扩张下运营效率不足,人力、库存成本居高不下,三是消费分级下难以精准匹配不同客群需求,实现精细化运营。

3.解决方案方向:服务商可围绕零售企业的核心需求开发对应产品,比如区域大仓网建设服务、AI选品补货系统、全链路品控解决方案等,目前盒马AI补货订货采纳率已经达到96%以上,能显著提升周转效率,这类产品市场需求极大。

盒马双业态扩张的实践给零售平台商带来了战略和运营层面的多重启示,核心干货如下

1.战略层面启示:多业态探索后需要及时做战略聚焦,盒马原本探索十多种业态,后来聚焦到盒马鲜生和超盒算NB两大核心业态,收窄了管理半径,提升了决策效率,让资源能集中投入已经验证成功的模型;扩张前必须先跑通单店模型,测算投入产出比,盒马2025财年实现盈利后才开始大规模扩张,避免了盲目扩张的风险。

2.运营层面可借鉴做法:将数字化从锦上添花的工具升级为驱动业务的核心操作系统,盒马优化区域管理架构,设立AI委员会,将算法应用到选品、库存、定价等核心环节,AI补货大幅提升了周转效率,同时建立从源头直采到门店交付的全链路品控体系,积累用户信任。

3.风险提示:硬折扣赛道未来竞争会越来越激烈,平台需要提前布局门店密度,沉淀供应链能力,避免陷入同质化竞争;同时可探索线上线下协同,盒马接入淘宝闪购后线上日单突破200万单,同比大涨70%,跨渠道协同能带来新的增长。

盒马的双业态协同模式是当前中国零售行业的重要创新,给产业研究提供了新的样本和方向,核心干货如下

1.产业新动向:当前中国硬折扣零售赛道已经从模式验证期进入规模扩张期,背后有三大驱动力:一是消费分级趋势明确,大众对质优价廉的刚需持续爆发;二是供应链、冷链、数字化等基础设施已经成熟,单店模型跑通;三是即时零售竞争倒逼线下卡位社区入口,密度成为核心胜负手;未来三到五年赛道将走向寡头竞争,竞争核心从模式创新转向供应链深度和系统效率的比拼。

2.创新商业模式总结:盒马首创“盾矛双业态”协同模式,盒马鲜生作为基座沉淀供应链、数字化能力,支撑超盒算NB硬折扣门店扩张,两大业态共享后端资源,错位覆盖K形消费分级的两端,既避免内部消耗,又形成全价格带互补生态,验证了双业态协同模式的可行性。

3.值得研究的新问题:盒马组织调整后与淘宝闪购的深度协同、硬折扣结合即时零售的新探索,加盟模式下超盒算NB的扩张天花板,自有品牌共创模式对零售产业链的重构影响,都是值得持续研究的新方向。

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Quick Summary

This article centers on Hema's current dual-format coordinated development strategy. Hema's GMV reached 107 billion yuan in FY2026, up around 43% year-over-year, marking its official entry into a phase of rapid expansion. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Hema's two business formats have clear positioning: Hema Fresh is the "shield" that anchors the business's foundation. Currently operating over 490 stores, it focuses on mid-to-high-end shopping experiences. Leveraging a decade of accumulated supply chain and digital capabilities, it has built an immersive leisure shopping scenario that serves consumers willing to pay for quality and experience. Its new hard discount format, Chahesuan NB, acts as the "spear" targeting the mass community hard discount market. It already operates 546 stores, a number projected to exceed 600 by the end of FY2026, and serves price-sensitive consumers seeking daily necessities.

2. For general consumers, the two formats meet different needs: Hema Fresh is ideal for weekend leisure shopping and experiences like in-store seafood processing, while neighborhood Chahesuan NB stores cater to daily purchases of essential goods. Chahesuan NB guarantees long-term stable low prices every day, requiring no waiting for promotions, and its walkable locations minimize consumers' decision-making effort.

China's retail industry is seeing a clear trend of consumption polarization, and the hard discount track has officially entered a period of large-scale expansion, bringing the following key opportunities and insights for brand owners:

1. Consumption trend observation: The current market has formed a K-shaped polarization: on one end is a mid-to-high-end consumer group willing to pay for quality and scenario-based experience, and on the other end is a mass consumer group seeking affordable daily necessities. Demand for full-price-segment coverage is growing, and the mass hard discount market for daily necessities has entered an expansion boom.

2. Channel cooperation opportunities: Hema prioritizes unique technical and production barriers over existing brand recognition when selecting suppliers. Factories with high-barrier technologies are far more likely to secure cooperation resources and co-develop hit custom private-label products with Hema.

3. Strategic implications: Hema's two formats share back-end supply chain, logistics and digital capabilities, covering different customer segments without internal cannibalization, while creating complementary coverage across all price points. Private label development has evolved from simple OEM to co-creation between brands and suppliers. At Hema Fresh, private labels account for 35-40% of total sales with gross margins exceeding 40%, delivering higher profit margins for partnering brands.

Hard discount community retail has transitioned from model validation to large-scale expansion, with the following key insights for retail sellers:

1. Market opportunities and risk alerts: Community retail has long been trapped in homogeneous low-level competition, but the hard discount track has developed a replicable unit-economy model. Over the next three to five years, the market will consolidate from fragmented competition to oligopoly, with store density being the core determinant of success. In a major city with 10 million residents, over 100 stores are required to achieve effective coverage and dilute marginal costs, and players without supply chain advantages are likely to be eliminated.

2. Actionable best practices to adopt: Chahesuan NB's proven model offers a clear benchmark. Its core strategy includes maintaining stable daily low prices instead of relying on temporary promotions, prioritizing convenience by selecting street-facing locations, cutting SKUs to around 1,500 to focus on high-frequency daily necessities, reaching nearly 60% private label penetration, and reducing distribution and display costs by stocking products directly in shipping cases. This model delivers 31% higher space productivity and 27% higher labor productivity than traditional supermarkets after validation.

3. Growth direction: Leverage the opportunity of consumption polarization to accurately match the needs of different customer groups, and tap new price-segment markets based on existing supply chain capabilities to achieve non-overlapping growth.

Hema's dual-format expansion has created clear business opportunities and transformation insights for manufacturing factories, as outlined below:

1. Defined cooperation opportunities: Hema does not prioritize existing brand recognition when selecting partners, but focuses on whether factories hold unique technical and production barriers. Factories mastering technologies with high mass production barriers, such as HPP high-pressure cold sterilization, are far more likely to secure cooperation opportunities and co-develop blockbuster products. For example, Hema's winter HPP red heart apple juice sells over 100,000 bottles per month on average, delivering stable large-volume orders for partner factories.

2. New cooperation model: Hema prefers factories to participate as supply chain partners, acting as OEMs for private labels or custom products. In this co-creation model, the two parties work together to cut costs, define product standards, and invest in R&D, which delivers more stable orders and healthier profit margins for factories than traditional OEM for general brands, creating a win-win outcome.

3. Transformation insights: Retailers are increasingly shifting to large-scale direct sourcing, with rising requirements for digital efficiency. Factories need to improve their production responsiveness to adapt to retailers' direct sourcing systems, and build their own technical and production barriers to secure more cooperation opportunities with leading retail channels.

China's retail industry has entered a new round of expansion, bringing the following key insights for retail-related service providers:

1. Industry development trends: Hard discount community retail has transitioned from model validation to large-scale expansion, and will see a wave of new store openings over the next three to five years. The whole industry will see surging demand for supply chain center construction, regional logistics and distribution, retail digital systems and AI application, creating enormous market opportunities.

2. Core pain points of retail clients: Retailers currently face three core pain points: first, insufficient deep supply chain capacity to support the daily low price requirement of the hard discount model; second, low operational efficiency amid high-density expansion, with persistent high labor and inventory costs; third, difficulty in accurately matching different customer segments and achieving refined operation against the backdrop of consumption polarization.

3. Solution development direction: Service providers can develop targeted solutions to address these core needs, such as regional large warehouse network construction services, AI-powered assortment and replenishment systems, and full-link quality control solutions. Currently, the adoption rate of Hema's AI-powered replenishment system exceeds 96%, delivering significant improvements in inventory turnover, and such solutions see extremely strong market demand.

Hema's dual-format expansion practice provides multiple strategic and operational insights for retail marketplace operators:

1. Strategic insights: After exploring multiple formats, companies should conduct timely strategic focus. Hema originally experimented with more than 10 formats, before refocusing on two core formats: Hema Fresh and Chahesuan NB. This narrowed management scope, improved decision-making efficiency, and allowed resources to be concentrated on already validated successful models. Companies must also validate the unit-economy model and measure return on investment before large-scale expansion; Hema only started large-scale expansion after achieving profitability in FY2025, avoiding the risk of blind expansion.

2. Operational best practices to adopt: Elevate digital transformation from a nice-to-have tool to a core operating system driving business growth. Hema optimized its regional management structure, established an AI committee, and applied algorithms to core links including assortment planning, inventory management and pricing. AI-powered replenishment has significantly improved inventory turnover. Hema also built a full-link quality control system from direct sourcing at origin to in-store delivery to build consumer trust.

3. Risk alerts: Competition in the hard discount track will intensify in the coming years. Platforms need to lay out store density in advance and build up supply chain capabilities to avoid homogeneous competition. They should also explore online-offline synergy: after Hema connected to Taobao Flash Sale, its daily online orders exceeded 2 million, up 70% year-over-year, showing cross-channel synergy can unlock new growth.

Hema's dual-format synergy model is an important innovation in China's current retail industry, providing new samples and research directions for industrial research. Key insights are as follows:

1. New industrial trends: China's hard discount retail track has transitioned from model validation to large-scale expansion, driven by three core forces: first, the clear trend of K-shaped consumption polarization, with surging mass demand for affordable quality daily necessities; second, the maturation of underlying infrastructure including supply chains, cold chains and digital technology, which has enabled a proven unit-economy model; third, instant retail competition has forced offline players to secure community entrance positions, making store density the core determinant of success. Over the next three to five years, the track will consolidate into oligopoly competition, and competition will shift from model innovation to a battle over deep supply chain and system efficiency.

2. Summary of innovative business model: Hema has pioneered the "shield-spear dual-format" synergy model. Hema Fresh acts as the base to accumulate supply chain and digital capabilities to support the expansion of hard discount stores under Chahesuan NB. The two formats share back-end resources, cover the two ends of K-shaped consumption polarization in a non-overlapping way, avoid internal cannibalization, and form a complementary ecosystem across all price points. This model has successfully validated the feasibility of dual-format synergy.

3. New research questions to explore: Areas that deserve sustained research include the in-depth synergy between Hema after organizational restructuring and Taobao Flash Sale, the new exploration of combining hard discount with instant retail, the expansion ceiling of Chahesuan NB under its franchise model, and the impact of the private label co-creation model on the restructuring of the retail industry chain.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

I am a Brand Seller Factory Service Provider Marketplace Seller Researcher Read it again.

盾守根基、矛拓增量,盒马双业态协同发力,攻守一体方能战无不胜。

作者:王拓

@零售商业财经 原创出品

2026年5月,阿里巴巴2026财年年报披露了一个数字:盒马整体GMV达到1070亿元。这个数字比2025财年的750亿元增长320亿元,增幅约43%。

同年6月,盒马旗下平价社区超市超盒算NB首次进入北京,六店齐开。从十余种业态的反复探索,到聚焦盒马鲜生与超盒算NB两条主线,盒马用两年时间完成了一次战略聚焦后的再扩张。

这场扩张的背后,是一面盾与一柄矛的协同进击,盒马从此正式进入高速扩张期。

盒马鲜生

不止于盾

盒马鲜生运营超过490家门店,覆盖全国30余个城市。线上交易GMV占比超过60%,接入淘宝闪购后,整体线上日单突破200万单,线上订单同比大涨70%。这些数字勾勒出盒马鲜生的基本轮廓,但不足以解释它的真正价值。

在长沙,刘女士每个周末都会带孩子到盒马鲜生逛上一两个小时。孩子喜欢看水产区的鱼虾蟹,她就顺着孩子的兴趣教他认这些食材叫什么名字。对她而言,盒马鲜生成了一个兼具娱乐和教育的空间,不只是一个购物场所。这种"可逛性",是盒马鲜生区别于所有硬折扣业态的独特壁垒。盒马鲜生围绕"吃"的场景构建了完整的到店体验,从现捞现做的海鲜加工,到烘焙、熟食、鲜花等多品类组合,让超市从单纯的购物场所变成了家庭休闲目的地。

行业内对盒马鲜生的关注更深一层。多位零售从业者向我透露,他们的团队会定期去上海等一线城市,专门研究盒马出了什么新品、门店陈列如何调整、场景氛围怎样打造,甚至连节令营销活动和日常运营细节都一一对标学习,它已经成为本土品牌开发自有产品的重要风向标。

这种引领力从何而来?盒马鲜生的SKU已从收缩后的1800个回升至6000个左右,自有品牌占比约35%到40%。其中"盒马MAX"销售额占比22%,毛利率超过40%。高占比与高毛利的组合,印证了其产品力的商业价值。在商品结构上,盒马鲜生形成了"生鲜打底、加工食品提效、自有品牌创利"的三层架构,3R食品、烘焙等加工食品贡献了主要增量。

在供应商选择上,盒马看重的不是品牌知名度,而是供应商是否具备独特技术和生产壁垒。以果汁为例,西瓜汁过去很难做成即饮产品,传统热杀菌会破坏鲜果的原生风味,而HPP高压冷杀菌技术能保留口感但量产门槛高。如果有工厂能解决这个问题,盒马就会更快与其合作。盒马的冬季爆款HPP红心苹果汁,正是以新疆红心苹果这类地方特色水果搭配HPP技术呈现的产物,月均销量超过10万瓶,成为现象级单品。

这套逻辑让盒马鲜生既守住了品牌护城河,也在定义行业的方向。在品控体系上,盒马建立了从源头直采到门店交付的全链路质量管控,300余个直采基地均经过严格的资质审核与现场考察,每批次商品入库前都要经过农残检测、感官检验等多道工序。千亿GMV的背后,是商品力与体验感的双重支撑。

笔者认为:本质上,盒马鲜生这面盾,是盒马十年沉淀的供应链基座、上游商品整合能力(含盒马村直采体系)与数字化能力的总和,为超盒算NB的快速扩张提供了系统性的底层支撑。

超盒算

密度即正义的矛

如果说盒马鲜生是盾,超盒算NB就是盒马刺向社区市场的矛。

截至2026年6月中旬,超盒算NB在全国总计546家门店。2026年计划新增门店超过200家,全年门店将目标突破600家。6月26日进入北京,六店齐开,网点覆盖朝阳、昌平、通州、怀柔等多个城区。7月将在成都开出首批门店,从华东一隅到全国布局,超盒算NB用不到两年时间完成了从区域品牌到全国性玩家的跨越。

这柄矛的锋利之处在于三个维度的叠加。

首先是价格。在超盒算NB回龙观店,0.99元一斤西瓜、19.9元冰鲜三文鱼、0.79元内酯豆腐。1公斤鲜冻深海大号带鱼28.9元,鲜鸡蛋16.9元30枚。这些价格长期稳定,门店不做促销活动。核心单品价格普遍比盒马鲜生低30%左右,真正实现了"天天低价"。

其次是密度。超盒算NB的开发选址负责人将"方便"而非"热闹"作为第一原则,门店必须临街,并充分考虑步行、骑行、车行三种到店方式。门店锁定600平方米与800平方米两种规格,核心城区开设紧凑型街边店,社区邻里中心布局较大店型。北京首批6家门店中,通州九棵树西路店500米半径内常住人口达4.4万余人。在上海等成熟市场,超盒算NB已形成密集的社区网络,居民下楼步行即可到达。

第三是效率。超盒算NB直接对接工厂,通过大规模采购摊薄成本。门店采用整箱、整筐上架的方式,减少流通与陈列成本。自有品牌占比接近60%,SKU精简至约1500个,聚焦高频刚需品类。这套模式让低售价、低毛利、低损耗与高人效、高坪效、高品效形成闭环。据第三方机构测算,在可比区域内,超盒算NB的坪效比传统超市高31%,人效高27%。在生鲜损耗控制上,盒马整体将损耗率控制在4%到5%,优于行业平均的5%到6%。

有行业专家指出,盒马多年的积累到今天可以正式放量了。模式得到验证之后要迅速铺开,而盒马NB的取胜关键一定是密度。在千万级人口的大城市中,门店至少要超过100家才能达到有效覆盖,只有覆盖到位,才能把边际成本递减和总成本领先这两件事真正落地。

在杭州,王先生每天下班回来,楼下正好有一个超盒算NB,顺手就拿了,一个人的菜买下来也就十几块钱。这句话道出了超盒算NB的核心价值:它不是用来逛的,而是用来顺手买的。当消费者不想花时间比价和挑选时,超盒算NB用极致简化和极致低价,把买菜这件事压缩到了最低决策成本。

这种模式同样在行业内引发模仿。有县域零售从业者坦言,他们正在学习盒马NB的极致供应链逻辑,再结合奥乐齐的极简陈列法,尝试在当地做出类似的折扣社区店。超盒算NB正在成为硬折扣赛道的参照系。

超盒算NB为什么是矛?当下中国零售业正经历深刻变革,但社区商业赛道长期陷入同质化竞争的泥沼,同样的商品、同样的价格、同样的陈列模式,行业在低水平重复中难以突围。超盒算NB的意义,正在于它以盒马十年积累的供应链势能和数字化能力为矛尖,刺破了这层同质化的坚冰。它不仅验证了硬折扣社区店这一商业模式在中国市场的可行性,更以可复制、可规模化的单店模型,为盒马撕开了大众消费市场的新口子,成为盒马体系中最具进攻性的增长极。

多店齐开的三个节点

盒马之所以能在这段时间多店齐开,是因为三个关键节点依次打通。

第一个是战略节点。2024年3月,严筱磊接任CEO后,盒马从十余种业态聚焦到盒马鲜生和超盒算NB两条主线。此前盒马探索过盒马mini、盒马小站、盒马X会员店、盒马奥莱等多种业态,经历了多业态并行的探索阶段。战略聚焦之后,资源得以集中投入已被验证的两大核心业态,管理半径大幅收窄,决策效率显著提升。严筱磊的财务背景也让盒马的经营更加注重投入产出比,每一项扩张都经过严格的单店模型测算。

第二个是供应链节点。盒马搭建了8大供应链中心、300余个直采基地、8大物流中转仓。超盒算NB以仓网规划为前提,先建仓再开店,一个大型仓库可支持150到200家门店运营。东莞仓支撑珠三角,长三角仓群支撑华东密集开店。这套网络一旦成型,多店齐开便是水到渠成。在物流端,超盒算NB从工厂直发区域大仓,大仓配送到门店,中间没有经销商,进一步压缩流通成本。

第三个是盈利节点。2025财年盒马首次实现全年经调整EBITA转正,2026财年连续盈利且GMV突破千亿。单店模型跑通之后,"复制成功模型"成为核心打法。正如联商高级顾问团成员王国平所言,盒马鲜生有足够的门店规模摊薄后端成本,既有线上交易支撑即时零售模型,也有供应链、自有品牌和商品创新能力承接与扩张。

基于这三个节点的打通,可以展望其未来规模。2026年底全业态门店将超过1100家。中期三到五年,据行业预测,盒马鲜生有望稳步扩至600到800家,超盒算NB则可能冲刺1000到1500家。

长期来看,盒马鲜生受限于一二线优质商圈的数量,预计在1000家以内;而超盒算NB的空间更大,中国有数百个城市、数万个社区,若加盟模式顺利,长期有望达到3000到5000家的规模。

此外,各类品牌多店齐开并非巧合。奥乐齐、快乐猴、盒马NB等硬折扣玩家在2026年集体加速、多店齐开,标志着中国社区商业正式从"模式验证期"进入"规模扩张期"。

背后有三重驱动力:一是消费分级趋势明确,大众对"质优价廉"的刚需持续爆发,二是供应链、冷链物流、数字化等基础设施经过多年沉淀已足够成熟,硬折扣单店模型跑通,三是即时零售大战倒逼线下零售加速卡位社区入口,密度成为胜负手。

这意味着社区商业的军备竞赛已全面打响,未来三到五年,硬折扣赛道将从"百花齐放"走向"寡头竞争",最终比拼的仍是供应链深度与系统效率。

行业启示

供应链深水区的胜负手

盒马的双业态实践给中国零售业提供了几个值得深思的启示。

第一个启示是消费分级的精细化运营。盒马鲜生和超盒算NB覆盖了消费分化下K形曲线的两端,一端愿意为品质和体验付费,另一端对价格更敏感。两个业态共享上游供应链、冷链物流和数字化能力,分别覆盖中高端生鲜消费市场与大众折扣消费市场,形成互补的全价格带零售生态。这不是简单的价格战,而是基于不同消费场景的精准匹配。在同一城市中,盒马鲜生服务核心商圈的中高端客群,超盒算NB服务社区的大众客群,两者形成错位竞争而非内部消耗。

第二个启示是自有品牌从贴牌到共创的升级。盒马在选择后端供应链或代工厂时,首先看重的不是品牌知名度,而是供应商是否具备独特技术和生产壁垒。盒马会要求供应商把成本拆解到原料、包材等每一项,再反向介入上游选择。不少工厂和品牌方与盒马接触后的落差在于,他们原先希望保留自有品牌进入盒马渠道,但盒马更希望其以供应链角色参与,成为盒马自有品牌或定制商品的代工厂。这种模式让盒马从单纯的渠道商变成了产品定义者。从HPP红心苹果汁到各类预制菜爆品,盒马与供应商共同定义产品标准、共同投入研发,最终实现双赢。

第三个启示是数字化从工具到系统的进化。盒马将原有的19个城市级区域合并为9个大区,同时设立由CTO牵头的AI委员会,在每个大区配置AI业务伙伴岗位。目前AI选品已经覆盖30%的品类,将逐步实现商品选品、库存管理、定价策略等核心环节的数据化、算法化决策。超盒算NB通过AI补货提升周转效率,订货采纳率达96%以上。数字化不再是锦上添花的工具,而是驱动整个系统运转的操作系统。在门店端,电子价签、自助结算、智能排班等应用已全面普及,运营效率持续提升。

当然,最大的变数来自阿里内部。2026年6月,盒马CEO严筱磊的汇报线从吴泽明调整至蒋凡,盒马将进一步与淘宝闪购深度协同,前置仓建设也在加速推进。这意味着盒马将在双业态之外,探索即时零售的更多可能性。硬折扣社区店模式与前置仓模式是两种不同的生意模型,盒马能否在双轮之外再开辟新的增长曲线,仍是值得关注的方向。

矛已锋利,盾已稳固。接下来的考验是,在保持速度的同时,能否持续强化商品力与供应链能力。零售业的终局竞争,归根到底是系统能力的较量。而系统能力的底色,永远是商品与信任。

注:文/RBF内容组,文章来源:零售商业财经(公众号ID:RetailFinace),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:零售商业财经

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