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少年创业 不传奇

朱作明 2026-06-25 17:57
朱作明 2026/06/25 17:57

邦小白快读

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这篇文章呈现了中职生创业的真实样貌,披露了中职生创业的相关数据与实操干货,核心内容如下:

1.核心信息:17岁中职生李建平带领全05后团队创业,克服注册门槛、资金不足、舆论质疑等困境完成公司注册,目前公司仍处于起步阶段。数据显示国内创业者群体中,中专职校背景创业者占比高达38%,创业成功率是普通本科生的2.6倍,中职生创业3年以上存活率约28.7%,打破了唯学历论的固有偏见。

2.实操干货:创业起步资金不足时,可通过参加创新创业赛事拿奖金、入驻官方孵化基地拿扶持,暂时不领薪酬不分红压缩成本;面对质疑要第一时间拿出法律依据和官方合规证明回应;创业要扎根自身专业,以技能为核心竞争力,走稳扎稳打的慢发展路线。

本文展现了当下年轻创业群体的发展新趋势,给品牌建设和业务发展带来不少参考,核心干货如下:

1.消费与创业趋势:当下年轻创业者更偏向扎根专业的垂直赛道,宠物医疗、本土特色大健康产品、文物文创等贴近大众需求的细分领域,都存在新的品牌机会。

2.品牌早期建设参考:新品牌起步阶段就要提前布局知识产权,提前申请专利、商标、著作权,规避后续产权纠纷;面对负面舆情要快速响应,拿出合规依据和官方背书澄清,控制舆论影响。

3.成本运营思路:新品牌起步资金有限时,可以采用所有收入再投入、团队暂缓分红的财务策略,把每一分钱都用在产品和运营上,靠产品力积累口碑,这种慢发展思路适合新品牌从零起步。

本文针对年轻创业者尤其是起步阶段的中小卖家,整理了可参考的机会、应对方法和风险提示,核心干货如下:

1.市场机会:中职生创业成功率高于普通本科生,垂直专业赛道还有大量蓝海机会,宠物医疗、本土特产加工、文化创意服务等领域都有增长空间,适合起步资金有限的中小创业者切入。

2.困境应对方法:启动资金不足时,可以通过参加创新创业赛事争取奖金政策扶持,入驻官方青年创业孵化基地获取资源对接和专业指导;通过暂缓领薪、不分红压缩成本,把资金全部投入运营;面对舆论质疑,要快速拿出法律依据和官方合规证明回应,降低负面影响。

3.风险提示:未成年人创业注册公司有额外合规门槛,需要提前准备劳动能力证明、收入证明、独立生活证明等材料,避免反复碰壁;中职生创业普遍面临社会偏见、资金缺口大的问题,需要提前做好心理准备。

本文展现了中职生创业群体崛起带来的新需求,给工厂带来了不少商业机会和转型启示,核心干货如下:

1.产品生产与设计需求:越来越多年轻创业者扎根垂直领域创业,涌现出不少新的产品需求,比如添加中药材的功能性红糖、宠物医疗配套耗材、文物文创周边产品等,都需要生产端支持。

2.新商业机会:中职创业者普遍起步资金少、订单量小,传统大批次生产模式无法适配他们的需求,工厂可以针对性推出小批量柔性定制生产服务,对接这类初创团队的试产需求,开拓新的客户群体。

3.数字化与发展启示:年轻创业者普遍重视知识产权保护和线上平台布局,工厂也可以提前做好知识产权布局,重视数字化能力建设,提升自身竞争力;这类创业者都以产品和技能为核心,对产品品质要求高,工厂也需要打磨生产工艺,提升产品品质来匹配新需求。

本文梳理了中职生创业群体的现状和核心痛点,给面向创业者的服务商带来了很多行业参考,核心干货如下:

1.行业发展新趋势:当前国内创业群体结构已经发生变化,职校背景创业者占比已经达到38%,创业成功率高于普通本科生,是一个规模不小、正在崛起的创业群体,存在大量未被满足的服务需求,市场空间广阔。

2.客户核心痛点:中职生创业者普遍面临三重核心痛点:一是合规门槛高,未成年人股东注册公司需要提供额外的民事行为能力证明,流程繁琐,来回补材料成本很高;二是启动资金缺口极大,平均启动资金远低于小微企业平均水平,融资难问题比普通创业者更突出;三是社会偏见带来的舆论压力大,很容易遭遇负面舆情冲击。

3.解决方案方向:服务商可以针对性开发公司注册代办服务,帮助创业者梳理准备材料,对接工商部门降低时间成本;开发针对性的融资对接服务,链接政府创业扶持资金和创新创业赛事资源;还可以推出年轻创业者专属的舆情咨询服务,帮助应对负面舆论。

本文反映了初创群体对创业平台的真实需求,给平台的招商、运营和风险规避带来不少启示,核心干货如下:

1.创业者核心需求:中职生这类早期青年创业者,最核心的需求是低成本的办公场地、政策扶持、资源对接、专业指导,以及融资、赛事对接资源,还有合规咨询服务,这些都是普通创业平台很少覆盖的需求。

2.平台运营优化方向:针对青年学生创业者,可以推出针对性孵化政策,比如减免孵化场地租金,对接政府创业补贴,链接赛事和投融资资源,帮助解决起步资金问题;增设工商注册合规咨询代办服务,帮助未成年人创业者梳理注册所需材料,减少来回奔波的成本。

3.风险规避方向:平台孵化初创项目时,要提前帮助创业者做好合规审核和知识产权布局,规避合规风险和产权纠纷;同时可以正向宣传这类创业者的案例,帮助消除社会偏见,也能为平台带来正向流量,吸引更多年轻创业者入驻。

本文呈现了国内创业领域的新动向,提供了中职生创业的鲜活研究样本,核心干货如下:

1.产业新动向:当前国内创业群体结构已经发生明显变化,中专职校背景创业者占比已经达到38%,远高于985高校毕业生16%的占比,创业成功率是普通本科生的2.6倍,创业3年以上存活率达到28.7%,已经打破了唯学历论的传统创业认知,成为创业领域不可忽视的新力量。

2.新发现的行业问题:中职生创业普遍面临三重结构性困境:一是社会舆论的普遍偏见,低学历标签天然带来炒作、能力不足的质疑;二是合规门槛不对等,未成年人创业者注册公司需要额外提供大量证明,时间和沟通成本远高于成年创业者;三是启动资金缺口巨大,平均启动资金和小微企业平均水平差距达到数百倍。

3.研究启示:商业模式层面,中职生创业普遍扎根专业、依靠技能,走成本优先、稳扎稳打的路线,和风口投机式创业形成鲜明对比,是值得深入研究的新创业模式;政策层面,需要针对这类创业者优化注册流程,出台针对性资金扶持政策,消除偏见,完善创业支持体系。

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Quick Summary

This article presents the real picture of entrepreneurship among secondary vocational school students, sharing relevant data and practical insights. Its core takeaways are as follows:

1. Core findings: 17-year-old secondary vocational student Li Jianping led an entrepreneurship team made up entirely of post-2005 Generation. The team overcame hurdles including corporate registration barriers, insufficient funding and public skepticism to complete company registration, and the business is still in its early stage. Data shows that secondary vocational graduates account for 38% of all domestic entrepreneurs in China; their entrepreneurship success rate is 2.6 times that of ordinary undergraduate graduates, and around 28.7% of their businesses survive more than 3 years. These figures break the long-held stereotype that educational attainment equals entrepreneurial ability.

2. Practical takeaways: For early-stage founders short on startup capital, you can win prize money by participating in innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, or get support by settling in official business incubators; you can also cut costs by temporarily forgoing salaries and dividends. When facing skepticism, respond promptly with legal documents and official compliance certificates. Founders should build their businesses around their own professional expertise, take skills as core competitiveness, and pursue steady, incremental growth.

This article illustrates a new trend among today's young entrepreneur cohort, offering valuable references for brand building and business expansion. Its core insights are as follows:

1. Consumption and entrepreneurship trends: Today's young founders increasingly favor niche vertical segments rooted in their professional expertise. Segments close to mass demand such as pet care, local specialty health products and cultural and creative products derived from cultural relics all hold new brand-building opportunities.

2. Early-stage brand building references: New brands should complete intellectual property (IP) layout early on, filing applications for patents, trademarks and copyrights in advance to avoid future IP disputes. When facing negative public opinion, respond quickly with compliance documents and official endorsements to contain reputational damage.

3. Cost management for early stages: When new brands have limited initial capital, you can adopt a financial strategy of reinvesting all revenue and delaying dividend distribution to direct every dollar to product development and operations, building word-of-mouth through product strength. This gradual growth approach is well-suited for new brands building from zero.

This article summarizes actionable opportunities, solutions and risk warnings for young founders, especially small and medium-sized sellers in the early stage. Core takeaways are as follows:

1. Market opportunities: Secondary vocational graduates have a higher entrepreneurship success rate than ordinary undergraduate graduates, and there are still plenty of blue ocean opportunities in vertical professional tracks. Segments including pet medical care, local specialty processing and cultural and creative services all boast strong growth potential, making them suitable entry points for small and medium-sized founders with limited startup capital.

2. Solutions to common hurdles: When short on startup capital, you can compete for prize money and policy support through innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, or settle in official youth business incubators to access resource matching and professional guidance. You can cut costs by delaying salaries and dividends to allocate all capital to operations. When facing public skepticism, respond quickly with legal documents and official compliance certificates to minimize negative impact.

3. Risk warnings: Underage founders face additional compliance barriers to register a company, so you should prepare required documents in advance including proof of working ability, proof of income and proof of independent living to avoid repeated setbacks. Secondary vocational founders generally face widespread social bias and large funding gaps, so you should prepare psychologically for these challenges in advance.

This article outlines the new demand brought by the rise of the secondary vocational founder cohort, bringing new business opportunities and transformation insights for manufacturers. Core takeaways are as follows:

1. Product design and manufacturing demand: A growing number of young founders are building businesses in vertical niche segments, generating a wave of new product demand – including functional brown sugar with added Chinese herbal medicine, supporting consumables for pet medical care, and cultural and creative derivatives of cultural relics, all of which require support from the manufacturing end.

2. New business opportunities: Most secondary vocational founders have limited startup capital and small order volumes, which cannot be matched by traditional large-batch production models. Manufacturers can launch targeted small-batch flexible custom manufacturing services to meet the pilot production needs of these startup teams, and open up a new customer segment.

3. Digitalization and development insights: Young founders generally attach great importance to IP protection and online platform layout, so manufacturers can also complete IP layout in advance and prioritize digital capability building to improve competitiveness. These founders center their businesses on products and skills with high requirements for product quality, so manufacturers also need to refine production processes and upgrade product quality to match this new demand.

This article sorts out the current status and core pain points of the secondary vocational founder cohort, offering valuable industry references for entrepreneurship service providers. Core takeaways are as follows:

1. New industry trends: The structure of China's entrepreneur pool has changed: vocational school graduates now account for 38% of all founders, and their success rate outpaces that of ordinary undergraduate graduates. This is a large, fast-growing entrepreneurial segment with a large number of unmet service needs and broad market space.

2. Core customer pain points: Secondary vocational founders generally face three core pain points: First, high compliance barriers: underage shareholders need to provide additional proof of civil capacity for company registration, leading to cumbersome processes and high costs from repeated document resubmission. Second, large startup capital gaps: their average initial capital is far lower than the average for small and micro businesses, and they face far more severe financing difficulties than ordinary founders. Third, heavy public pressure from social bias, leaving them vulnerable to negative public opinion shocks.

3. Direction for targeted solutions: Service providers can develop dedicated corporate registration agency services to help founders prepare required documents and coordinate with industrial and commercial authorities to cut time costs. You can also develop targeted financing matching services to connect founders with government entrepreneurial support funds and innovation competition resources. You can also launch dedicated public relations consulting services for young founders to help them respond to negative press.

This article reflects the real needs of early-stage founders for entrepreneurial platforms, bringing insights for platform recruitment, operations and risk mitigation. Core takeaways are as follows:

1. Core needs of founders: Early-stage young founders like secondary vocational students have core demands for low-cost office space, policy support, resource matching, professional guidance, financing and competition connection, as well as compliance consulting services – demands that are rarely covered by ordinary entrepreneurial platforms.

2. Direction for platform operation optimization: For young student founders, platforms can launch targeted incubation policies, such as rent reduction for incubation space, connection to government startup subsidies, and access to competition and investment and financing resources to help solve early-stage funding problems. Platforms can also add compliance consulting and agency services for corporate registration, helping underage founders prepare required registration documents to reduce the cost of repeated trips to authorities.

3. Risk mitigation direction: When incubating early-stage projects, platforms should help founders complete compliance review and IP layout in advance to avoid compliance risks and IP disputes. At the same time, platforms can positively promote the stories of these founders to help eliminate social bias, generate positive public traffic for the platform, and attract more young founders to settle in.

This article presents new trends in China's entrepreneurship sector, offering a vivid research sample on secondary vocational student entrepreneurship. Core takeaways are as follows:

1. New industry trends: The structure of China's entrepreneur pool has changed noticeably: secondary vocational graduates now account for 38% of all domestic founders, far exceeding the 16% share of 985 university graduates. Their entrepreneurship success rate is 2.6 times that of ordinary undergraduate graduates, and 28.7% of their businesses survive more than 3 years. These data break the traditional "credentialism" bias in entrepreneurship research, and confirm that this cohort has become an unignorable new force in China's entrepreneurship space.

2. Newly identified industry problems: Secondary vocational founders generally face three layers of structural challenges: First, widespread social bias: the "low education" label naturally brings suspicion of hype and insufficient capability. Second, unequal compliance barriers: underage founders need to provide a large number of additional documents to register a company, leading to far higher time and communication costs than adult founders. Third, huge startup capital gaps: the gap between their average startup capital and the average level of small and micro businesses can reach hundreds of times.

3. Research implications: In terms of business models, secondary vocational founders generally build their businesses around their professional expertise and skills, adopt a cost-first, steady growth strategy that stands in stark contrast to hype-driven opportunity chasing. This is a new entrepreneurial model worthy of in-depth research. In terms of policy, authorities should optimize registration procedures for this group, introduce targeted funding support policies, eliminate social bias, and improve the entrepreneurial support system.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

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没有融资发布会,没有年少成名,只有20次被退回的注册材料、账上几千元的余额、5.3亿次曝光里的质疑——这里没有传奇故事,只有一名中职生创业的真实剖面。

来源丨陆海商界(ID:shangjiezz)

作者丨朱作明

编辑 | 王 峰

2025年8月的一天,一家位于广西南宁的公司突然被推上了热搜。不是因为它拿到了多少融资,也不是因为它的产品卖到了什么规模,而是因为这家公司的创始人李建平,当时只有17岁,团队6人全是“05后”中职生,最小的17岁,最大的也不过20出头。

舆论几乎瞬间分裂。有人惊叹少年有为,有人质疑这是一场精心包装的“演出”。

《商界》决定去了解一下这位17岁创始人的故事,不是因为他成功,恰恰是因为他还没成功。他的公司全年销售额不过一万多元,账面资金只有几千元,没有实缴注册资本,没有发放过薪酬。

如果把成功作为采访的门槛,这样的经历或许很难进入媒体的视野,但值得被看见的,往往是那些还在路上的人。

一名中职生的真实创业样本

李建平的起点,和大多数中职生一样,并不光鲜。

2007年10月出生于广西的他,初中时偏科非常严重——对数学和英语完全不感兴趣,唯独偏爱语文、政治与历史。他那时的梦想是当一名医学家,甚至因为对医学的过分热衷,被副校长叫去办公室要求背诵《本草纲目》。

一个偶然的午后,初二的他翻开了美国作家罗伯特·清崎的《穷爸爸富爸爸》。书中有这样一句话:“创业要懂营销,营销就是创造财富。”对于这个只在村里见识过父辈种甘蔗、卖甘蔗的男孩而言,这无疑打开了一扇新的窗户。

他开始在校园封闭管理期间组织同学售卖零食:辣条、面包、饮料,一切同学们需要的商品。这是他最早的商业尝试。家境贫寒的他,靠双手赚取了第一笔劳动收入。但校园经商很快被学校严令禁止,李建平受到了通报批评。

2023年,中考成绩公布,他没有考上普通高中,最终进入了中职院校。填报专业时他与父母产生了分歧。父母坚持让他选会计、电商等“稳妥”的专业,认为毕业能有一份稳定的工作。但李建平坚定地选择了市场营销。他告诉记者,那时他就坚信自己未来要创业,而市场营销能给他最全面的商业认知——从线下渠道到品牌策划,从市场洞察到客户运营。

2024年1月19日,中职二年级的李建平带领团队在广西南宁市武鸣区注册成立了云桂通(广西)科技有限公司。工商系统中最终由谢建鑫担任法定代表人和董事长,但作为公司的创始人,李建平一直负责企业的人事、行政和运营事务。公司注册资本显示为105万元,实际账上根本拿不出这么多钱。

从注册公司开始,李建平才发现创业真的难。

那些试图为公司办理注册手续的日子,他经历了20次材料提交后被退回的情况。由于团队成员多是未成年人,涉及工商行政的审核标准比一般企业严格得多。根据南宁市武鸣区市场监督管理局的审查要求,自然人股东中如果有未成年人,必须提供证明材料以证明其具备完全民事行为能力——包括劳动能力证明、收入状况、独立生活能力等方面的材料。

一名只在校园里卖过零食的17岁少年,怎样证明自己已经“靠劳动收入养活自己”?这个门槛相当高。材料一次次被退回,意味着他必须不断补充证据,反复和工商部门沟通。最终,在提交了学校出具的勤工俭学证明、银行流水以及租房合同等文件后,公司成功注册登记。

注册阶段的坎坷只是开始,更大的挑战来自资金。

李建平坦言,公司创立初期的资金只有300元。公司成立大半年,线上月销量约100单红糖,营业额一万余元,减去原材料采购、公益活动支出等三四千元成本后,账面余额只剩下了几千元。

为缓解资金压力,李建平采取了三项措施:一是积极参与各类创新创业赛事,凭借项目争取奖金与政策扶持,先后斩获中华职业教育创新创业大赛广西区选拔赛铜奖、广西职业院校技能大赛创新创业赛项银奖等多项省级荣誉;二是入驻广西青年创业示范孵化基地,获得官方平台的政策扶持、资源对接与专业指导;三是精简开支,公司成员均不领取薪资,5年内不提倡分红,所有营业额全部投入公司运营。

就在公司因资金问题陷入胶着状态之际,2025年8月,一则“17岁董事长”的网帖将其推上了风口浪尖。多家主流媒体集中报道了此事,全网总曝光量高达5.3亿次,但其中支持和质疑的比例大约是3∶5。而企查查数据显示该公司2024年参保人数为0的事实,更让外界加重了对其实际经营能力的质疑。

面对质疑,李建平与团队迅速作出回应:8月11日凌晨,云桂通官方服务号发布声明,依据《中华人民共和国民法典》第十八条规定,16周岁以上以自己的劳动收入为主要生活来源的未成年人视为完全民事行为能力人,公司高管任职符合相关规定;同日上午,南宁市武鸣区市监局工作人员证实,公司注册流程合规,提交的相关证明材料齐全。

此外,李建平带领团队深耕知识产权布局,以第一参与人完成《佳慧甄选平台V1.0》科技成果登记,自主申请两项发明专利、两项外观设计专利(已获得一项外观设计专利),目前均已获受理,同时注册了多项摄影类著作权与公司Logo的版权、商标权。

这大概也是所有中职生在创业路上不可回避的真实遭遇——突如其来的舆论压力,让你必须同时应对两场战争,一场是舆论战,一场是生存战。

当“技能”成为创业的筹码

李建平并非孤例。在中国,每年有数百万中职生走出校门,他们中的大多数选择就业,但也有一些人,像李建平一样,选择了更难走的路——创业。

现实中,社会舆论存在着“唯学历论”误区,将中职教育定义为“学业失败者的退路”,默认中职生能力不足、眼界有限,难以涉足创业赛道。但真实的行业数据与鲜活的创业案例,正在颠覆这一固有认知。

人社部2024年调研数据显示,职校生创业成功率是普通本科生的2.6倍。清华经管学院相关调研也印证了这一趋势:国内创业者群体中,985高校毕业生占比仅16%,而中专、职校背景创业者占比高达38%。

两组反差鲜明的数据,揭示了中职生创业的核心优势:相较于普通高校学生偏重理论学习,中职教育以实操为核心、以市场为导向,学生更早接触行业场景、掌握落地技能,更懂市场需求、更控经营成本,适配中小微初创企业的生存逻辑。

在上海,有一位叫卓俊杰的年轻人,他的创业故事同样始于中职校园。卓俊杰是上海市商贸旅游学校和上海城建职业学院中高贯通文物修复与保护专业2015级的学生。毕业后,他自主创业,成了“清思园”中国古美术创始人,致力于明清瓷器搜索引擎、线上+线下拍卖、艺术品文化创意产品研发销售,并提供艺术品鉴定、收藏等咨询类服务。

2018年,他获得百万元风投及品牌孵化后,现担任潭钺(上海)艺术品有限公司和上海得佳趣拍卖古董珍玩部主管。

卓俊杰的转折点发生在初中阶段的一次职业体验日。上海市商贸旅游学校的营销节上,文物修复与保护专业组织了一个鉴定会,由学长为社会上形形色色的人鉴定“宝贝”,把那些器物的前世今生讲得头头是道。“这个特别有意思,就感觉那些原本离我们仿佛很遥远的东西变得很近,是可以用手触摸到的历史。”卓俊杰回忆道。

从那以后,他决定报考这个专业。入学后,他基本上每个月都要去上海博物馆和古玩市场三四天,琢磨东西,琢磨课本。2016年,入学不到一年的卓俊杰在古玩市场上“打眼”——花5000元买了一件他以为是光绪官窑的斗彩小杯子,结果被老师鉴定为新品。

这次“被骗”的经历成为他人生的重要拐点,也让他下定决心创业:“文物专业的特殊性,只有通过不断接触实物才能提升自己。自主创业能真正扎进这个圈子里学习,真正学到本领。”

如果说卓俊杰走的是“文化+商业”的精致路线,那么叶融、鄢丰华、罗一鸣三人则闯入了更接地气的赛道——宠物医疗。

在广州番禺区,一家名为“盛世佰宠”的宠物诊疗中心悄然走红。这家宠物医院的创始人是三名年仅20岁的中专毕业生——叶融、鄢丰华、罗一鸣,三人不仅是江西丰城中专2019级畜牧兽医专业同班同学兼舍友,更用两年时间从学校青涩的学生逆袭为宠物的守护者。

2019年,15岁的叶融从江西赣州来到丰城中专求学。他的哥哥叶厚勇是校企合作企业佛山永诚生物科技有限公司总经理,在长期的合作过程中对丰城中专的教学理念、师资力量、专业建设高度认可,因此送弟弟来这读书。和大部分中职学生一样,叶融的初中学业成绩也不好,对枯燥的理论知识不感兴趣,但他动手实践能力特别强。

一年级时,在班主任的引导下,他积极担任宠物实训基地管理员,常常泡在实训室,对着模型练习静脉注射,刻苦钻研呼吸麻醉机的使用。二年级时,他就能独立完成宠物的绝育手术,经常利用晚自习的时间给其他管理员上实操课。

2022年毕业后,三人分别奔赴广东不同的宠物医院实习,接触了各种病例,也接触了形形色色的宠物主人,掌握了丰富的客户沟通技巧。2024年1月30日,在叶厚勇支持下,“盛世佰宠动物诊疗中心”正式开业。三人分工明确:叶融沟通能力强,担任店长;鄢丰华理论知识丰富、技术扎实,担任主治医生;罗一鸣胆大心细,担任医生助理。

目前,他们每天接待二十几个客户,对于剖宫产、异物取出、膀胱结石、尿闭等多种病例都手到擒来,开业第一年营业额达到150万元。

叶融计划三年后把本钱还给哥哥,还想开第二家、第三家盛世佰宠。据悉,该诊所已成为学校定点实习基地,为学弟学妹们搭建了实习的平台。

无论是宠物医疗还是文物艺术品,这些中职生创业者都有一个共同特点:他们没有选择“风口上的猪”那种投机式创业,而是扎根于自己所学的专业领域,用技能作为创业的筹码。职业教育“做中学”的培养模式,让他们比同龄人更早地触摸到了行业的真实肌理。

偏见与合规:中职生创业的隐形困境

硬币总有另一面。中职生创业的故事听起来热血,但真实的困境远比报道中呈现的更为复杂。

李建平的遭遇,几乎浓缩了中职生创业者面对的所有困境。首先是偏见。全网5.3亿次曝光中,质疑声占了六成。“17岁董事长”“05后团队”“账面几千元”——这些标签组合在一起,在舆论场中几乎天然等于“炒作”。

这种偏见并非空穴来风。在传统商业认知中,创业者的画像通常是名校毕业、有行业资源、有启动资金。一名中职二年级学生,创业启动资金只有300元,拿什么创业?

但数据并不支持这种偏见。据中国教育科学研究院2023年发布的《职业教育发展报告》,中职毕业生的创业存活率 (企业运营超过3年) 约为28.7%。换言之,中职生创业虽然起点低,但“活下来”的比例并不算差。

其次是合规性,这是李建平们面临的最硬性的门槛。据南宁市武鸣区市场监督管理局工作人员证实,李建平的公司注册流程合规,但“合规”二字背后,是一名17岁少年反复跑部门、补材料、交证明的漫长过程。相比之下,一名成年创业者注册公司,通常只需提交基本材料,很快即可完成。

这种不对等,是中职生创业者必须独自消化的成本。

最后是资金。李建平的300元启动资金,在商业世界里几乎可以忽略不计。据国家统计局数据,2024年全国小微企业平均启动资金约为12.8万元。300元对比12.8万元,差距是426倍。这意味着中职生创业者必须用远超常人的耐心和意志力,去弥合这道资金鸿沟。

李建平的应对方式是:不拿工资、不分红、所有收入再投入。这种近乎苛刻的财务纪律,在成年人初创企业中都属少见。他还制订了一个足够长的时间表——现阶段积累资金、做好产业,预计2027年左右进入下一阶段,未来方向是大健康领域,正在研究将罗汉果等中药材加入红糖制成止咳、缓解喉咙痛的新产品。

这种“慢”的哲学,恰恰是中职生创业最被低估的优势。他们没有烧钱的资本,所以每一分钱都花在刀刃上;他们没有名校光环,所以只能靠产品和服务说话。

少年自有凌云志,不负韶华行且知。创业从来不是成年人的专属赛场,敢闯敢拼、脚踏实地的少年,值得被看见、被尊重。

注:文/朱作明,文章来源:商界杂志(公众号ID:shangjiezz),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:商界杂志

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FAQ回顾

中职生创业有什么优势?

中职教育以实操为核心、以市场为导向,学生更早接触行业场景、掌握落地技能,更懂市场需求、更能控制经营成本,适配中小微初创企业的生存逻辑。人社部2024年调研显示,职校生创业成功率是普通本科生的2.6倍。

中职生创业通常会面临哪些困境?

首先是社会偏见,舆论普遍存在“唯学历论”误区,质疑中职生创业能力;其次是合规门槛更高,未成年人注册公司需提交更多证明材料;最后是资金缺口大,中职生创业启动资金普遍远低于全国小微企业平均12.8万元的水平。

中职生创业的存活率是多少?

据中国教育科学研究院2023年发布的《职业教育发展报告》,中职毕业生的创业存活率(企业运营超过3年)约为28.7%,虽然中职生创业起点普遍较低,但企业存活的比例并不算差。

职校背景创业者在国内创业者中占比高吗?

清华经管学院相关调研显示,国内创业者群体中985高校毕业生占比仅16%,而中专、职校背景创业者占比高达38%,职校背景创业者的占比远高于985高校毕业生群体。

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