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亿邦智库:数据产权“三权分置”制度落地 数据资源加速迈向“数据资产”

亿邦智库黄斌 2026-07-06 21:32
亿邦智库黄斌 2026/07/06 21:32

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本文核心介绍2026年7月1日国家数据局印发的《数据产权登记工作指引(试行)》,标志我国数据产权制度从顶层设计进入实质性落地阶段,核心干货如下:

1. 明确了数据产权“三权分置”制度,打破传统一物一权规则,允许同一数据由不同主体分别持有数据持有权、使用权、经营权,破解了长期以来数据流通“不敢供、不愿用”的难题,统一登记标准后实现“一次登记、全国通用”,大幅降低数据流通交易成本。

2. 这份制度给企业数据资产化提供了法定依据,数据登记凭证可用于资产入表、融资、纠纷举证,目前已有多家企业通过数据质押获得数千万元融资,还能打破产业链数据协同壁垒,让数据资源真正转化为可用资产。

3. 对相关市场主体来说,提前梳理自身数据资产、参与登记试点是抢占数字经济发展先机的务实选择。

本次《指引》落地,对品牌商挖掘数据价值、推动业务发展有多方面利好,核心干货如下:

1. 资产与融资层面,品牌商握有大量用户消费、行为、运营数据,完成数据产权登记后,这些原本闲置的数据就能成为合规的法定资产,登记凭证可直接作为数据资产入表、质押融资的权属证明,已有多个企业凭借登记数据获得最高四千万元融资,能帮助品牌获得更多金融支持,投入产品研发和品牌营销。

2. 产业链协同层面,品牌商完成确权的脱敏用户数据,可以合规分享给上下游供应链,用于优化产品设计、匹配消费需求,还可以将加工后的用户数据产品进行交易、许可,获得额外收益,彻底打破之前产业链数据共享的合规壁垒。

3. 机会提示:品牌商可提前梳理自身数据资产,积极参与登记试点,抢占数据要素市场化的先机,获得新增长动力。

本次《数据产权登记工作指引(试行)》的出台,给广大卖家带来了明确的政策信号和新的增长机会,核心干货如下:

1. 政策解读层面,这份政策标志我国数据产权制度建设正式进入实操阶段,核心确立了数据产权三权分置制度,统一全国登记标准,解决了长期以来数据权属不清、各地登记标准不互认、流通成本高的痛点,卖家完成登记即可获得“一次登记、全国通用”的法定产权凭证,可用于交易、融资、纠纷处理全场景。

2. 机会层面,卖家大多拥有丰富的用户交易、运营、行为数据,登记后这些数据可以转化为可质押融资的资产,有效缓解资金压力;还可以将脱敏后的运营数据加工成数据产品合规交易,获得额外收入,也可合法获取上下游数据优化选品运营。

3. 机会提示:卖家应尽早梳理自身数据资产,参与登记试点,提前布局抓住数据要素带来的新增长红利。

数据产权登记制度落地,对制造工厂推进数字化转型、挖掘数据价值带来了新的机会与启示,核心干货如下:

1. 生产与商业机会层面,工厂在生产过程中积累了大量设备运行、工艺调整、生产流程等数据,完成产权登记后,这些数据可以脱敏后合规共享给产业链上下游的品牌、服务商,用于智能检测、故障预警、工艺优化等场景,帮助工厂对接更多商业合作需求,拓展业务空间。

2. 融资层面,登记后的 data 数据资产可以合法质押融资,已有贵阳多家制造企业通过数据确权拿到了数千万元贷款,工厂可以盘活闲置的生产数据资产,拓宽融资渠道,获得资金投入数字化改造和产品升级。

3. 数字化转型启示:工厂数字化过程中积累的数据不再是闲置资源,确权登记后就能转化为可交易可增值的资产,工厂应提前梳理自身生产数据资产,参与登记试点,抓住数据要素市场化的机会加速升级。

数据产权三权分置制度落地,给数据服务、数字化服务领域的服务商带来了新的行业发展机会,核心干货如下:

1. 行业发展趋势层面,当前全球数字经济已经从基础设施搭建、产业数字化改造阶段,转向数据要素制度化流通、价值化应用的新阶段,全国一体化数据市场建设提速,数据资产化成为明确的行业发展方向,市场需求会持续释放。

2. 客户痛点层面,广大企业此前在数据资产化过程中,长期面临确权难、入表难、融资举证难的痛点,还因为各地登记标准不统一推高了流通成本,《指引》出台后统一了全国登记标准,解决了核心规则问题。

3. 业务机会层面,服务商可以围绕统一登记流程,开发数据资产梳理、确权登记、评估入表、融资对接等配套服务,满足企业的刚需,随着登记凭证应用范围拓展到入表、融资、作价入股等场景,相关服务需求会大幅增长,服务商可提前布局抢占市场。

《指引》的落地对各类数据交易平台、产业数字化平台的发展带来了新的要求和机会,核心干货如下:

1. 市场需求变化层面,此前数据交易领域存在各地登记标准不一、结果互不认可的问题,推高了平台的交易成本和合规风险,《指引》明确要依托国家数据产权登记服务平台实现统一公示核验,平台需要对接统一标准,调整自身的登记交易规则,才能满足市场合规交易的需求。

2. 运营与招商机会层面,统一确权登记解决了数据流通的核心障碍,会有更多企业愿意将自有数据上架交易,平台可以围绕数据产权登记推出配套服务,吸引更多企业入驻,拓展平台业务边界,打造新的盈利增长点,顺应全国一体化数据市场建设的趋势。

3. 风险规避层面,平台开展数据交易相关业务,需要遵循国家统一的登记规范,依托统一平台完成公示核验,可有效避免因为权属不清带来的交易纠纷和合规风险。

本次《数据产权登记工作指引(试行)》出台,是我国数据要素市场化领域的重大标志性事件,为相关研究提供了很多新内容,核心干货如下:

1. 产业新动向层面,本次政策出台标志我国数据产权制度从顶层设计正式迈入实质性操作阶段,明确了“三权分置”这一具有中国特色的数据产权制度创新,打破了传统物权“一物一权”的思维定式,是我国在数据要素制度领域的重要探索,核心目标是培育全国一体化数据市场,破解数据流通“不敢供、不愿用”的行业难题。

2. 政策研究启示层面,这份政策系统回答了数据产权登记“谁来登、登什么、怎么登、登了有什么用”四大核心问题,明确了登记凭证在资产入表、融资交易、纠纷解决等场景的法定效力,打通了数据产权制度落地的最后一公里,为研究数据要素价值化提供了完整的制度样本。

3. 新研究方向层面,随着制度落地,数据资产化、数据交易、数据驱动产业链协同的新商业模式会不断涌现,可后续持续研究该制度对新质生产力发展的推动作用。

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Quick Summary

This article focuses on the *Working Guidelines for Data Property Rights Registration (for Trial Implementation)* issued by the National Data Administration on July 1, 2026, which marks that China's data property rights system has moved from top-level design to substantive implementation. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. The guidelines formalize the "separation of three rights" framework for data property rights. Breaking from the traditional "one property, one right" rule, this framework allows different entities to hold the right of data possession, the right of use and the right of management separately for the same dataset. It addresses the long-standing problems of reluctance to share or utilize data in circulation, and the unified national registration standard enables "one-time registration, nationwide validity", which greatly reduces the cost of data circulation and trading.

2. The framework provides a legal basis for enterprises to turn data into formal assets. Registration certificates can be used for balance sheet inclusion, financing and dispute evidence. Multiple enterprises have already raised tens of millions of yuan in financing through data pledges. It also breaks down data collaboration barriers along industrial chains, allowing data resources to be converted into usable assets.

3. For relevant market entities, proactively organizing internal data assets and participating in pilot registration programs is a practical step to seize an early lead in digital economy development.

The implementation of this Guidelines brings multiple benefits to brands looking to unlock data value and drive business growth. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. On assets and financing: Brands hold large volumes of consumer behavior, consumption and operational data. After completing data property rights registration, this previously idle data becomes legally compliant formal assets. Registration certificates can be directly used as proof of ownership for balance sheet inclusion and pledge financing. Multiple enterprises have already secured up to 40 million yuan in financing via registered data, helping brands gain more financial support for product R&D and brand marketing.

2. On industrial chain collaboration: Anonymized user data with clear property rights can be shared compliantly with upstream and downstream supply chain partners to optimize product design and match consumer demand. Brands can also trade or license processed user data products to generate additional revenue, completely removing previous compliance barriers for industrial chain data sharing.

3. Opportunity note: Brands should organize their internal data assets in advance and actively participate in pilot registration programs to gain an early edge in the marketization of data elements and unlock new growth drivers.

The release of the *Working Guidelines for Data Property Rights Registration (for Trial Implementation)* sends a clear policy signal and unlocks new growth opportunities for sellers. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Policy overview: This policy marks that China's data property rights system has officially entered the implementation phase. It establishes the "separation of three rights" framework and unifies national registration standards, solving long-standing pain points including unclear data ownership, lack of mutual recognition of local registration standards, and high circulation costs. After registration, sellers gain a legally valid property right certificate that is "valid nationwide with one-time registration", usable across all scenarios including trading, financing and dispute resolution.

2. Growth opportunities: Most sellers hold rich data on user transactions, operations and behavior. After registration, this data can be converted into pledgeable assets to effectively ease cash flow pressure. Sellers can also process anonymized operational data into compliant data products for trading to earn extra income, and legally access upstream and downstream data to optimize product selection and operations.

3. Opportunity note: Sellers should organize their data assets as early as possible, participate in pilot registration programs, and prepare early to capture new growth dividends brought by data elements.

The implementation of the data property rights registration system brings new opportunities and insights for manufacturing factories to advance digital transformation and unlock data value. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Production and business opportunities: Factories accumulate large volumes of data on equipment operation, process adjustment and production workflows during daily operations. After property rights registration, this anonymized data can be compliantly shared with brands and service providers across the industrial chain for use cases including intelligent inspection, fault early warning and process optimization, helping factories access more business cooperation opportunities and expand their business scope.

2. On financing: Registered data assets can be legally pledged for financing. Multiple manufacturing enterprises in Guiyang have already secured loans of tens of millions of yuan through data property rights confirmation. This allows factories to unlock idle production data assets, expand financing channels, and secure capital for digital transformation and product upgrading.

3. Insight for digital transformation: Data accumulated during digital transformation is no longer an idle resource. After property rights confirmation and registration, it can be converted into tradable, value-adding assets. Factories should organize their production data assets in advance, participate in pilot registration programs, and leverage the opportunities from data element marketization to accelerate upgrading.

The implementation of the "separation of three rights" framework for data property rights brings new industry development opportunities for providers of data and digital services. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Industry trend: The global digital economy has shifted from the phase of infrastructure building and industrial digital transformation to a new stage of institutionalized circulation and value-oriented application of data elements. The development of a national integrated data market is accelerating, and data assetization has become a clear industry direction, with market demand set to grow continuously.

2. Client pain points addressed: Enterprises have long faced pain points including difficulties in property rights confirmation, balance sheet inclusion, and evidence provision for financing during data assetization. Fragmented local registration standards also drove up circulation costs. The Guidelines unifies national registration standards and resolves core regulatory uncertainties.

3. Business opportunities: Service providers can develop supporting services aligned with the unified registration process, including data asset organization, property rights registration, valuation for balance sheet inclusion, and financing matching, to meet strong enterprise demand. As registration certificates are applied to more scenarios including balance sheet inclusion, financing and equity contribution with data, demand for related services will grow substantially. Service providers that prepare early can capture early market share.

The implementation of the Guidelines brings new requirements and opportunities for data trading platforms and industrial digital platforms. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Changing market demand: Previously, fragmented data registration standards across regions and lack of mutual recognition of results pushed up trading costs and compliance risks for platforms. The Guidelines clarifies that unified public verification will be conducted through the national data property rights registration service platform. Platforms need to align with unified standards and adjust their own registration and trading rules to meet the requirements of compliant market trading.

2. Operation and business development opportunities: Unified property rights registration removes the core barrier to data circulation, leading more enterprises to list their own data for trading. Platforms can develop supporting services around data property rights registration to attract more enterprise users, expand business boundaries, build new profit drivers, and align with the national trend of building an integrated data market.

3. Risk mitigation: By following national unified registration rules and completing public verification through the national platform, platforms can effectively avoid trading disputes and compliance risks caused by unclear data ownership.

The release of the *Working Guidelines for Data Property Rights Registration (for Trial Implementation)* is a landmark event for the marketization of data elements in China, and provides rich new content for related research. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. New industry development: This policy marks that China's data property rights system has formally moved from top-level design to substantive implementation. It formalizes the "separation of three rights", a data property rights innovation with Chinese characteristics that breaks the traditional "one property, one right" mindset of property law. This is an important institutional exploration by China in the field of data elements, with the core goal of nurturing a national integrated data market and solving the long-standing industry problem of reluctance to share or utilize data in circulation.

2. Insights for policy research: This policy systematically answers four core questions of data property rights registration: who should register, what to register, how to register, and what benefits registration brings. It clarifies the legal validity of registration certificates in scenarios including asset balance sheet inclusion, financing and trading, and dispute resolution, closing the last gap for the implementation of the data property rights system and providing a complete institutional sample for research on value realization of data elements.

3. New research directions: As the system is implemented, new business models for data assetization, data trading, and data-driven industrial chain collaboration will continue to emerge. Follow-up research can continue to explore the role of this system in driving the development of new quality productivity.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

I am a Brand Seller Factory Service Provider Marketplace Seller Researcher Read it again.

【亿邦原创】2026年7月1日,国家数据局综合司正式印发《数据产权登记工作指引(试行)》(国数综政策〔2026〕35号)(以下简称《指引》)。这份共有6章42条的政策文件,系统回答了数据产权登记“谁来登、登什么、怎么登、登了有什么用”等核心问题,标志着我国数据产权制度建设从顶层设计正式迈入实质性操作推进阶段。

根源上破解“不敢供、不愿用”的流通难局

数据作为新型生产要素,是新质生产力理论的一大创造。但由于数据具有易复制性、可融合性等特征,使得数据流通即使在数据技术发展的今天,仍然极为困难。人们认识到,通过数据流通实现更大规模、更多类型的数据融合,是释放数据价值的重要途径。然而长期以来,由于企业对数据权属认定、以及合规合法使用等都存在顾虑,使得市场上虽然已初步建立了交易体系,涌现了各类登记服务,却因标准不一、相互不认,反而增加了数据流通交易成本。

《指引》的出台正是为了打破这一难局——为数据流通交易提供统一的产权凭证,降低数据流通交易成本,培育全国一体化数据市场。正如有机构所指出的,数据产权登记通过统一登记流程,降低了重复登记成本,并依托国家数据产权登记服务平台,最经将实现统一公示、查询核验以及“一次登记、全国通用”。

“三权分置”:中国特色的数据产权制度创新

《指引》明确了数据产权的核心内涵:数据产权是指权利人对特定数据享有的财产性权利,包括数据持有权、数据使用权、数据经营权等。这一“三权分置”的制度设计打破了传统财产权“一物一权”的思维定式,允许同一数据上由不同主体分别享有持有、使用、经营权。

有专家认为,数据产权登记兼具内部确权与外部公示两方面功能——对内将数据产权结构性分置的制度安排转化为可识别、可审查、可公示的权利形态;对外通过统一程序和公示机制,为市场主体提供可供识别和核验的权利信息,降低识别风险、减少交易成本。

企业数据资产化的关键性“制度钥匙”

无论是对企业而言,还是对金融机构来说,《指引》带来的影响是深远的。这其中,最首要的是数据产权登记凭证成为数据资产入表的“法定凭证”。数据产权登记制度的推出,显著缓解了企业在数据资产入表过程中长期存在的确权难、举证难、合规认定难等痛点。指引明确登记凭证可在数据流通交易中作为权属证明、在数据入表融资入股中作为合法持有证明、在争议纠纷解决中作为权属证明。这意味着企业完成数据产权登记后,其数据资产在财务报表中的确认将获得更有力的制度支撑。

其次,数据真正从“沉睡资源”变为“金融资产”。实践中,已有企业尝到了“甜头”。贵州云宇橡胶有限公司通过质押2项数据知识产权获融资超3000万元,万峰林旅游集团45项核心数据知识产权完成登记后获银行4000万元质押融资。贵阳中安科技集团仅用38天完成数据资产确权、评估及入表全流程,获建行2000万元贷款。湖北当阳建投集团依托“信义生活平台”停车场景数据,取得数据存证、数据产权登记、数据资产登记3项证书。这些案例表明,数据产权登记正在将企业手中“看不见、摸不着”的数据资源,转化为可计量、可质押、可交易的资产。

最后,也是最关键的,产业链协同的数据壁垒将被打破。数据产权登记凭证是数据合规流通的法定证明,有了它,企业就可以将数据上架交易。在智能制造场景中,企业合法采集的生产、设备、工艺数据完成确权后,可将脱敏后的数据合规分享给产业链上下游,开展智能检测、故障预警、工艺优化。数据产品经营权则赋予企业将加工好的数据集、算法模型、检测方案进行交易、质押、许可的权利。

顺应趋势、抢占先机的务实抉择

当前,全球数字经济发展正在进入一个新的阶段。如果说过去一段时期,数字经济建设的重点在于网络基础设施、平台系统和产业数字化改造,那么进入高质量发展阶段后,真正决定数字经济效率与质量的关键,正在转向数据要素的制度化流通、价值化应用和安全可信治理。数据要素的价值,不在于简单占有数据,而在于通过合规流通、融合分析和场景应用,把分散的数据资源转化为可支撑决策、优化流程、重构产业协作的生产力。《指引》的印发,正是这一转变中的关键一步。国家数据局有关负责同志表示,希望通过《指引》实现三个目标:进一步明晰数据产权,打通制度落地的“最后一公里”;推动降低数据流通成本,将原本由交易双方自行承担的合规成本转化为“一次登记、全国通用”;推动全国一体化数据市场建设,加快数据要素市场化价值化。

随着全国统一的数据产权登记制度逐步建立,数据产权登记凭证的应用范围将持续拓展,进一步增强与数据资产入表、融资担保、作价入股等政策的衔接。对企业而言,提前理解这套逻辑、梳理自身数据资产、积极参与登记试点,是顺应趋势、抢占先机的务实选择。数据要素的价值释放,正以此次出台的《指引》,作为这场变革的操作手册。亿邦智库将持续关注相关产业与企业数据要素竞争力提升,并报道相关发展的新成果与新案例。

       联系邮箱为:huangbin@ebrun.com


文章来源:亿邦智库

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FAQ回顾

数据产权登记工作指引有什么作用?

《数据产权登记工作指引(试行)》共6章42条,系统解答了数据产权登记的主体、内容、流程、效用等核心问题,为数据流通交易提供统一产权凭证,降低交易成本,标志我国数据产权制度建设进入实质性操作阶段。

数据产权三权分置指的是什么?

数据产权“三权分置”是中国特色的数据产权制度创新,指权利人对特定数据享有的财产性权利分为数据持有权、数据使用权、数据经营权三类,允许同一数据上由不同主体分别享有对应权利。

企业办理数据产权登记能获得哪些益处?

企业完成数据产权登记后可获得法定凭证支撑数据资产入表,能将数据资源转化为可计量、可质押、可交易的金融资产,还可凭登记凭证合规开展数据流通,打破产业链协同的数据壁垒。

数据产权登记凭证有哪些应用场景?

数据产权登记凭证可作为数据流通交易的权属证明、数据入表融资入股的合法持有证明,也可在争议纠纷解决中作为权属证明,后续还将拓展与融资担保、作价入股等政策的衔接应用。

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