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反内卷一年后 七大快递巨头过得怎么样?

定焦One团队 2026-06-29 15:09
定焦One团队 2026/06/29 15:09

邦小白快读

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这篇文章梳理了反内卷治理一年后国内七大快递巨头的发展现状与行业趋势,核心干货如下

1. 行业整体变化:国内快递业务量增速从2025年的13.6%降至2026年前5个月的5.2%,国内增量见顶,行业迎来密集整合期,2026年上半年先后出现德邦退市、顺丰极兔83亿港元交叉持股、申通收购两家阿里系仓储物流企业等重大行业事件。

2. 七家企业竞争格局:不同商业模式盈利差异极大,加盟制的中通以18.5%净利率位居七家第一,直营的顺丰以3082亿元营收拿下体量第一但净利率仅3.6%,京东物流依托一体化供应链构建核心壁垒,韵达是七家中唯一出现净利润大幅下滑的企业,极兔的核心利润池在东南亚市场。

3. 行业未来方向:反内卷政策托住了行业价格与利润底线,目前头部企业集体布局出海,行业竞争焦点从国内价格战转向全球综合能力竞争。

本文梳理了当前快递行业的发展变化,给品牌商提供了物流合作选择与行业趋势相关干货,具体如下

1. 行业整体趋势:国内快递增量已经见顶,反内卷治理后行业价格底部被托住,企业盈利差距进一步拉大,行业进入整合与出海的新阶段,头部企业通过资本运作加速整合资源。

2. 不同快递企业的特点,给品牌商物流选择提供参考:加盟制通达系整体成本更低,适合大批次电商件发货,其中中通成本控制能力最强,价格稳定盈利好;顺丰京东走服务溢价路线,顺丰覆盖全品类物流场景,京东可提供库存管理、供应链优化等增值服务,更适合高价值品牌的物流需求。

3. 新合作机会:当前头部快递都在加码直客业务,申通收购丹鸟后散单业务增长明显,极兔东南亚市场网络成熟,适合出海布局东南亚的品牌商合作,品牌商可选择空间更大。

本文针对快递行业政策与市场变化,给各类电商卖家梳理了相关机会与风险干货,具体如下

1. 政策影响解读:2025年下半年起国家邮政局专项治理快递行业内卷低价竞争,2026年进一步推进穿透式监管,行业整体价格逐步回升,价格战得到缓解,企业利润普遍修复,目前仍有少数中小快递未执行提价,存在短期价格优势,但长期行业价格会逐步企稳。

2. 市场机会变化:国内快递增量收窄,头部企业集体布局出海业务,不同企业出海能力各有优势,跨境卖家可根据自身市场选择:极兔东南亚网络成熟成本低,顺丰京东服务出海中国品牌,圆通拥有自有航空机队覆盖亚洲东欧,申通背靠菜鸟有平台流量支撑。

3. 风险提示:当前行业整合加速,中小快递生存空间收窄,部分二线企业如韵达已经出现量价齐跌、利润大幅下滑的问题,卖家选择物流合作要优先关注企业稳定性,根据自身业务定位匹配对应企业的服务能力。

本文结合快递行业最新变化,给涉及电商、出海业务的工厂梳理了相关干货,具体如下

1. 市场需求变化:当前国内电商快递增量见顶,市场需求分化明显,走量的低价电商件利润空间不断压缩,而品牌直客单、散单单价更高、利润更厚,工厂布局自有品牌直邮业务有更大的利润空间。

2. 出海商业机会:国内头部快递企业集体加码出海,物流配套不断完善,极兔已经稳居东南亚市场份额第一,成本控制能力强,顺丰京东布局了大量海外仓,圆通拥有自有航空拓展国际航线,工厂出海新兴市场的物流成本大幅下降,物流配套越来越成熟,有利于工厂拓展海外市场。

3. 数字化供应链启示:当前快递行业竞争核心转向成本控制与供应链能力,工厂做电商可以借助头部物流的供应链优势,比如京东物流可帮工厂做库存管理与需求预测,优化自身运营效率,降低整体成本,提升市场竞争力。

本文梳理了当前快递行业的发展趋势与核心痛点,给物流相关服务商梳理了相关干货,具体如下

1. 行业发展整体趋势:国内快递增量见顶,行业已经从价格竞争转向综合能力竞争,反内卷治理后行业价格企稳,企业盈利普遍修复,市场份额逐步向头部集中,中小快递逐步出清,头部企业正在加速整合资源、布局出海。

2. 行业核心客户痛点:国内增长空间不足,出海是所有头部企业的共同战略,但多数企业都存在能力短板,有的缺海外末端网络,有的缺跨境干线资源,国内企业抢滩高价值直客业务,普遍需要供应链管理能力的赋能,加盟制企业需要提升末端管控能力,直营企业需要进一步压缩成本。

3. 市场机会:服务商可针对不同痛点推出对应解决方案,比如给出海企业提供海外网络建设技术支持,给加盟制企业提供成本管控数字化工具,给拓展直客业务的企业提供客户管理系统,行业整合潮也给服务商带来了更多整合服务的需求。

本文梳理了当前快递行业对平台的需求与最新行业风向,给平台商梳理了相关干货,具体如下

1. 行业核心需求:当前国内快递增量见顶,头部快递企业都在拓展高价值直客业务与出海业务,普遍需要平台提供流量对接、资源支持,申通背靠阿里菜鸟依托平台资源发展国际业务就是典型案例,平台可针对性推出扶持政策。

2. 最新招商与运营方向:当前行业整合加速,价格战结束,企业盈利修复,头部企业都在加码出海布局,东南亚等新兴市场快递需求旺盛,平台可针对性拓展跨境物流招商,吸引头部快递企业的出海业务入驻,丰富平台跨境物流服务板块。

3. 风险规避提示:当前中小快递生存空间被大幅挤压,部分二线快递已经出现利润大幅下滑的经营问题,平台招商合作要优先关注企业经营稳定性,同时目前仍有部分企业存在违规低价竞争的情况,平台要规范入驻企业价格行为,避免恶性内卷破坏平台生态。

本文梳理了反内卷治理后中国快递行业的最新发展变化,给产业研究者提供了丰富的一手数据与研究方向相关干货,具体如下

1. 产业最新动向:反内卷政策实施后,行业整体利润修复,业务量增速大幅放缓,国内增量见顶,行业进入资本整合高峰期,头部企业集体布局出海,差异化竞争格局已经形成,不同商业模式的分化清晰:顺丰做多元直营综合物流,京东做一体化供应链,中通做加盟制低成本模式,极兔做全球新兴市场布局。

2. 行业存在的新问题:虽然政策托住了行业价格,但仍有部分企业未严格落实价格自律,行业竞争并未完全平静,头部企业出海面临国际物流巨头的竞争,通达系多数企业出海进展缓慢,缺乏核心竞争力,部分企业转型期出现盈利质量下滑,二线企业陷入量价齐跌的困境。

3. 研究与政策启示:反内卷治理已经验证了行业监管对规范低价无序竞争的有效性,后续仍需要推进穿透式监管落实价格自律,研究可重点关注不同商业模式的优劣对比,以及不同企业出海战略的路径差异。

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Quick Summary

This article reviews the development and industry trends of China's seven major express delivery giants one year after the implementation of anti-cutthroat competition regulation. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Overall industry changes: The growth rate of China's domestic express delivery volume dropped from 13.6% in 2025 to 5.2% in the first five months of 2026, indicating that domestic growth has peaked. The industry has entered a period of intensive consolidation, with major industry events occurring in the first half of 2026, including Deppon Express going private, SF Holding and J&T entering into an 8.3 billion HKD cross-shareholding deal, and STO Express acquiring two Alibaba-affiliated warehousing and logistics firms.

2. Competitive landscape among the seven players: Profitability varies dramatically across different business models. ZTO, a franchise-based player, ranks first among the seven with an 18.5% net profit margin. SF Holding, an asset-heavy direct-operated player, is the largest by revenue at RMB 308.2 billion, but its net margin is only 3.6%. JD Logistics has built core moats around its integrated supply chain services. Yunda Express is the only one of the seven that saw a sharp decline in net profit. J&T's core profit pool lies in the Southeast Asian market.

3. Future outlook for the industry: Anti-involution policies have propped up the industry's floor for pricing and profitability. Top domestic players are now collectively expanding overseas, shifting the focus of competition from domestic price wars to competition over comprehensive global capabilities.

This article outlines the latest developments in China's express delivery industry and shares key takeaways on logistics partner selection and industry trends for brands. Key insights are as follows:

1. Overall industry trends: Domestic express delivery growth has peaked. Following anti-cutthroat competition regulation, industry pricing floors have stabilized, profitability gaps between players have widened, and the sector has entered a new phase of consolidation and overseas expansion. Leading players are accelerating resource integration via capital operations.

2. Profiles of different express delivery players, to guide brand partner selection: Franchise-based "Tongda System" carriers generally have lower costs, making them suitable for shipping large volumes of e-commerce parcels. Among them, ZTO has the strongest cost control and stable, healthy profitability. SF and JD Logistics pursue a service premium strategy: SF covers all logistics categories, while JD Logistics offers value-added services such as inventory management and supply chain optimization, making it a better fit for the logistics needs of high-value brands.

3. New partnership opportunities: Leading express carriers are all ramping up their direct-to-client business. STO Express' bulk parcel business has grown notably following its acquisition of Daniao. J&T has a well-established network in Southeast Asia, making it an ideal partner for brands looking to expand into the region, significantly expanding brands' available options.

This article breaks down key opportunities and risks for e-commerce sellers against the backdrop of recent policy and market changes in China's express delivery industry. Key insights are as follows:

1. Policy impact analysis: Since the second half of 2025, the State Post Bureau has launched a special campaign to crack down on cutthroat below-cost pricing in the sector, and rolled out enhanced穿透式监管 in 2026. Industry-wide prices have gradually risen, the price war has eased, and most players have seen their profitability recover. A small number of small and mid-sized carriers have not raised prices yet, giving them a short-term pricing advantage, but industry prices are expected to stabilize gradually over the long run.

2. Shifting market opportunities: As domestic growth slows, leading players are collectively expanding overseas. Different carriers have distinct advantages in cross-border expansion, allowing cross-border sellers to choose based on their target markets: J&T has a mature, low-cost network in Southeast Asia; SF and JD Logistics support Chinese brands going global with their service capabilities; YTO Express has its own air fleet covering Asia and Eastern Europe; STO Express benefits from platform traffic support thanks to its backing from Cainiao.

3. Risk warning: Industry consolidation is accelerating, squeezing out the living space of small and mid-sized carriers. Some second-tier players such as Yunda have already seen both volume and price decline paired with sharp profit drops. Sellers should prioritize operational stability when selecting logistics partners, and match their business positioning with the service capabilities of the carrier.

This article summarizes key insights for factories with e-commerce and cross-border operations based on the latest changes in the express delivery industry. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Shifting market demand: Domestic e-commerce express delivery growth has peaked, and market demand is clearly diverging. Profit margins for high-volume, low-cost e-commerce parcels are continuously shrinking, while direct-to-brand orders and bulk single-parcel orders command higher prices and thicker margins. Factories building their own brand direct-to-consumer shipping business stand to capture far larger profit margins.

2. Cross-border business opportunities: Leading domestic express carriers are all ramping up overseas expansion, steadily improving cross-border logistics infrastructure. J&T already holds the top market share in Southeast Asia with strong cost control capabilities; SF and JD Logistics have built out a large network of overseas warehouses; YTO Express operates its own aircraft fleet to expand international routes. These improvements have drastically cut logistics costs for factories entering emerging overseas markets and created more mature supporting infrastructure, making it much easier for factories to expand into global markets.

3. Insights for digital supply chains: Industry competition now centers on cost control and supply chain capabilities. Factories engaged in e-commerce can leverage the supply chain advantages of leading logistics players: for example, JD Logistics can support factories with inventory management and demand forecasting, helping optimize operational efficiency, cut overall costs and boost market competitiveness.

This article reviews current industry trends and core pain points in China's express delivery sector, and shares key insights for logistics-related service providers. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Overall industry trends: Domestic express delivery growth has peaked, and the industry has shifted from pure price competition to competition over comprehensive capabilities. Following anti-cutthroat regulation, industry prices have stabilized, most players have restored profitability, market share is increasingly concentrated in the hands of top players, small and mid-sized carriers are gradually exiting the market, and leading players are accelerating resource integration and global expansion.

2. Core customer pain points: With limited domestic growth headroom, overseas expansion is a shared strategic priority for all leading players, but most suffer from capability gaps: some lack overseas last-mile networks, others lack cross-border trunk capacity. Domestic players competing for high-value direct clients also generally need support to boost their supply chain management capabilities; franchise-based players need to improve last-mile control, while direct-operated players need to further cut costs.

3. Market opportunities: Service providers can develop tailored solutions to address these different pain points: for example, providing technical support for overseas network construction for global expansion, digital cost control tools for franchise-based players, and customer management systems for players expanding their direct-to-client business. The ongoing wave of industry consolidation is also driving greater demand for integrated services from service providers.

This article outlines the latest industry developments and express carriers' current needs from platforms, and shares key takeaways for e-commerce and logistics platform operators. Key insights are as follows:

1. Core industry needs: With domestic growth peaking, leading express carriers are all expanding into high-value direct client business and global expansion, and generally need platforms to provide traffic matching and resource support. STO Express' international business development backed by Alibaba and Cainiao's platform resources is a typical example of this model, and platforms can roll out targeted support policies for this trend.

2. Updated direction for merchant recruitment and operations: As industry consolidation accelerates and the price war ends with profitability restored for most players, leading carriers are all prioritizing overseas expansion. Express delivery demand is booming in emerging markets such as Southeast Asia, so platforms can prioritize cross-border logistics recruitment to attract the global expansion businesses of top carriers and enrich their platform's cross-border logistics service offerings.

3. Risk mitigation guidance: The operating space for small and mid-sized carriers has been sharply squeezed, and some second-tier players already face major operational challenges including sharp profit declines. Platforms should prioritize operational stability when recruiting new partners. In addition, some carriers still engage in illegal below-cost pricing, so platforms need to regulate the pricing behavior of participating merchants to avoid vicious cutthroat competition that damages the platform ecosystem.

This article reviews the latest developments in China's express delivery industry after the implementation of anti-cutthroat competition regulation, and shares rich first-hand data and insights on research directions for industry analysts. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Latest industry developments: After the implementation of anti-involution policies, industry-wide profitability has recovered, volume growth has slowed sharply, domestic growth has peaked, and the sector has entered a peak period of capital consolidation. Leading players are collectively expanding overseas, and a differentiated competitive landscape has emerged with clear divergence across business models: SF operates a diversified, direct-operated integrated logistics business; JD Logistics focuses on integrated supply chain services; ZTO pursues a low-cost franchise-based model; J&T focuses on global expansion in emerging markets.

2. New emerging problems in the industry: While policies have propped up industry pricing, some players have not fully complied with price self-discipline requirements, so competition has not completely calmed. Leading players expanding overseas face competition from established global logistics giants, most Tongda System players have made slow progress in global expansion and lack core competitiveness, some players face declining earnings quality during their transition, and second-tier players are trapped in a downward spiral of falling volume and prices.

3. Research and policy implications: Anti-cutthroat governance has already proven the effectiveness of industry regulation in curbing disorderly below-cost competition. Moving forward, regulators need to continue advancing穿透式监管 to enforce price self-discipline. Future research can focus on comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different express delivery business models, and analyzing the divergent strategic paths adopted by different players for global expansion.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

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盈利差距进一步拉大。

定焦One(dingjiaoone)原创

作者 | 李梦冉

编辑 | 魏佳

2026年走到年中,快递行业来到一个新的拐点。

一季度,中通收入同比增长22%,调整后净利润增长5.2%,包裹量增长13.2%;顺丰营收增长6.14%,净利润增长13.05%;京东物流经调整净利润大增40.1%,创下上市以来一季度最佳表现;圆通、申通、韵达的归母净利润更是分别猛增60.76%、94.29%和51.67%。

利润在修复,规模在失速。国家邮政局最新数据显示,快递业务量增速从2025年全年的13.6%降至今年前5个月的5.2%。

与此同时,这半年里行业内部发生着剧烈变化。2026年1月,德邦股份正式启动退市程序;1月15日顺丰与极兔宣布83亿港元交叉持股;3月,申通快递出资2.8亿收购两家“阿里系”仓储物流公司,此前它已经收购菜鸟旗下丹鸟物流。如此密集的整合,在中国快递历史上从未出现过。

自2025年下半年国家邮政局专项治理“内卷式”竞争以来,多家企业跟进快递价格自律机制,托住了利润底线,但盈利能力的差距越发拉大。当国内增量见顶,接下来各家公司的竞争焦点在哪儿?谁的护城河更宽,谁又在悄然掉队?

回答这些问题,需要把时间线拉得更长。本文根据顺丰、京东物流、中通、圆通、韵达、申通、极兔七家上市公司的2025年度报告和2026年前5个月的经营数据,看看这个行业正在发生什么。

01.七家公司,七种活法

如果从营收体量来看,顺丰和京东物流稳居第一梯队,通达系紧随其后,极兔(中国)仍在追赶。

2025年,顺丰以3082亿元的营收高居榜首,同比增长8.4%,首次突破三千亿关口。顺丰的体量优势,来自其“综合物流”的宽度,其业务包括时效快递、经济快递、快运、冷运、同城、国际供应链,几乎覆盖了物流领域所有赛道。

京东物流以2171亿元位居第二,增速高达18.8%,也是增长最快的玩家。它的收入结构与顺丰不同:一体化供应链客户(使用京东物流的仓储或存货管理服务的客户)贡献占比达53.5%,这也是京东物流的核心壁垒,不仅仅是送快递,还帮客户管库存、做预测、优化供应链。其他客户(主要是快递快运)贡献占46.5%。

第二梯队中,圆通(753亿)、申通(556亿)、韵达(515亿)、中通(491亿)四家收入结构高度相似,快递业务占比均在98%以上。

中通收入看似垫底,但这正是加盟制的一个特点:收入低不代表赚得少。中通的收入几乎全部来自向加盟商收取的中转费和面单费,而末端派费由加盟商自行收取、不进入总部收入,因此其收入口径比其他公司更“窄”。

极兔全年收入121亿美元(折合人民币约880亿元),其收入中只有约55%来自中国,其余来自东南亚和新市场。单看中国区收入,极兔在第三梯队,仍处于追赶位置。

从包裹量看,通达系是绝对的统治者。

2025年,中国快递总业务量1989.5亿件。其中中通以约385亿件位居榜首,圆通以311亿件紧随其后,申通、韵达、极兔中国的业务量分别为261亿件、256亿件和约221亿件。五家公司合计占据超全国快递业务量的70%。

顺丰走的是另一条路。其速运物流业务量约166.3亿票,仅为通达系平均水平的60%。

如果说营业收入看的是“做多大”,归母净利润看的才是“赚多少”。

2025年,顺丰归母净利润111亿元,同比增长9.3%,绝对金额排在第一,但净利率仅3.6%;中通归母净利润90.8亿元,净利率高达18.5%,在七家中遥遥领先。同样是挣100块钱,中通能留下18.5元,顺丰只留下3.6元,这也是加盟轻资产与重资产模式的差异所在。

京东物流归母净利润66.5亿元,增长约7.2%,但考虑到其同时在重金投入海外仓、自动化和供应链,这份盈利的背后是最重的资金消耗。

通达系其余三家中,圆通最稳健:43.2亿元,同比增长7.7%,航空货运开始贡献增量;申通在低基数上激增31.6%至13.7亿元,但净利率仅2.5%;韵达是七家中唯一的异常:11.7亿元,同比下降38.8%,业务量增速为7.64%,低于行业平均的13.6%。

极兔全年净利润约2.25亿美元(约16亿元人民币),归母净利润为1.98亿美元(约14.4亿人民币),但值得注意的是,其新市场(除中国和东南亚以外)业务首次实现年度经调整EBIT扭亏为盈。

总结来看,七家公司的座次清晰:顺丰靠多元板块撑起体量,京东物流以一体化供应链构建壁垒,中通以极致成本赚取最高利润率,圆通和申通在竞争中基本维持了基本盘,韵达陷入困境,极兔则在另一个维度上打着国际化的仗。

02.为什么有人赚钱,有人掉队?

为什么同样的行业,中通能把利润率做到18.5%,韵达只有2.3%?为什么顺丰收入是中通的6倍,利润却只多出不到四分之一?

答案藏在不同的模式里。

通达系(中通、圆通、韵达、申通)和极兔中国,走的是加盟制路线。总部自营转运中心和干线运输,负责分拣和长途运输这两个核心环节;末端的揽件和派件,则交给加盟商网点去做。总部向加盟商收取“中转费”和“面单费”,这就是通达系的主要收入来源。

这种模式的好处是“轻”,不用自己养快递员,把最重的末端成本转移给了加盟商。竞争逻辑也因此变成,谁能把单票成本压得更低,谁就能在相同的市场价格下赚到更多,或者用更低的价格抢走更多量。

顺丰和京东物流走的是另一条路。顺丰以直营为主,从揽件到派送全程自控;京东物流的核心是一体化供应链,不仅送货,还帮客户管仓库、做库存预测、优化整条供应链。这两家的收入靠单票价格。顺丰2025年速运物流业务单票均价约13.7元,是通达系的6到7倍;京东物流的一体化供应链客户,平均每家客户每年贡献约39.4万元,不在“单票”这个维度上竞争。

两种模式没有优劣之分,但决定了各自的盈利结构:加盟制靠规模摊薄成本,天花板是效率;直营和综合物流靠服务溢价,天花板是品牌和能力。

而通达系内部四家的对比,比模式差异更值得深究。

一件快递从揽收到签收,成本主要切成三刀:揽件和派件(末端网点的收发成本)、干线运输(转运中心之间的长途运输)、中心操作(转运中心的分拣费用)。

圆通的利润主要靠降本。2025年圆通单票毛利维持在0.20元,在可比口径的通达系三家(圆通、韵达、申通)里最高,关键在于运输成本下降了10.35%;通过提升车辆装载率、优化路由规划,把成本压了下来。

申通单票快递服务收入2.1元,同比增长2.3%,是四家中唯一实现正增长的。但背后是2025年申通收购了阿里旗下的丹鸟物流,将其纳入合并报表。收购丹鸟后直营模式推高了揽派成本,但换来了散单业务量的发展,来自个人和品牌客户的散件,单价更高、利润更厚。

韵达处境最尴尬,单票收入1.98元,是四家里最低的,年报里有一个细节透露了问题所在:韵达的面单销售收入同比下降了19.66%。

面单费是加盟商向总部购买的揽件凭证,面单收入大幅下滑,意味着总部为了稳量,大幅降低了向加盟商收取的中转费和面单费定价。但量并没有因此明显增长,业务量增速远低于行业平均水平,这是韵达全年利润腰斩的直接原因。

中通表面上是通达系里利润最高的一家,但有一个数字值得警惕:2025年中通营业成本中“其他成本”一项同比暴增96.2%,从59.5亿元升至116.8亿元,主要原因是直客业务(直接服务品牌商家和企业客户)的支出增加了55亿元。这是中通在主动向高价值客户转型,代价是短期成本膨胀。调整后净利润因此同比下降6.3%,件量第一、名义利润高,但质量在悄悄变化。

极兔的账则要放在全球维度来看。中国市场单票收入约0.3美元(约2.1元人民币),单票成本0.28美元(约2元),每件只赚约0.02美元(约0.15元),利润极薄;但东南亚市场单票收入0.59美元,单票成本0.48美元,每件赚0.11美元,是中国的5倍多。

极兔本质上是用中国市场的规模效应锻炼运营能力,再把这套低成本打法复制到海外,东南亚才是它的利润池。

03.“反内卷”之后,洗牌、出海提速

2025年下半年,快递行业迎来一个关键转折。

7月,中央财经委员会明确“依法依规治理企业低价无序竞争”,国家邮政局同步喊停“内卷式”竞争。主要快递企业纷纷响应,下半年逐步调优价格策略,单票收入环比普遍回升。2026年1月的全国邮政工作会议把反内卷推进到了更深一层,提出“穿透式监管”,纠治差异化派费等行为。

某三线城市邮政从业者告诉「定焦One」,2025年的下半年,邮政的价格已经上调,不过只针对于电商和大客户,全国500g以内价格上调了1.1元到1.2之间。“但同时,我们的一些老客户流失了,说明有些快递公司还没执行,还在卷价格。”他说。

价格的修复看得见,但增长焦虑没消失。2025年国内快递市场年业务量已逼近2000亿件,增量空间正在收窄。

于是往外走,成了七家公司共同的选择,只是方式完全不同。

作为七家里出海最早、也走得最深的极兔,它的路径是押注海外新兴市场。

2025年,极兔在东南亚处理包裹76.6亿件,同比增长67.8%,市场份额从28.6%拉高到34.4%,连续六年稳居第一。

这条路的核心逻辑,是把中国快递打磨出来的成本管理能力,复制到电商渗透率还很低的市场。而东南亚电商渗透率还在快速提升,快递需求远未饱和。

极兔一边扩大网络覆盖,一边在东南亚市场把单票成本从2024年0.57美元压到2025年0.48美元,在增长的同时维持健康盈利。

顺丰和京东物流则将目标瞄准了正在走出去的中国企业,以及海外的头部品牌。

2025年,顺丰(不含KLN)的国际业务收入同比增长55.4%,已在37个国家及地区落地海外仓,覆盖亚太、欧美等核心市场。

值得一提的是,顺丰的出海还在“借船”。2026年6月,顺丰控股与极兔速递宣布相互认购股份交易完成交割:顺丰持有极兔约9.98%股份,极兔持有顺丰约4.29%股份,双方还设立了5年锁定期。

除了顺丰想往极兔的中低端市场渗透、极兔也想往顺丰的高端市场占位外,在出海方面,极兔表示,将凭借在全球13个国家的末端网络与本地化运营优势,结合顺丰在跨境头程与干线段的核心资源优势和成熟运营体系,共同增强端到端跨境物流解决方案的网络覆盖和产品竞争力。从竞争走向抱团,两家本质上是在用资本换时间,最快补齐对方最缺的那块能力。

京东物流的出海策略更偏“跟着客户走”。

2025年自营海外仓面积翻番,在中东和欧洲核心区域推出自营快递品牌“Joy Express”,重点服务于在海外布局的中国品牌。这套打法的核心逻辑是,在中国制造从“产品出海”转向“产能出海”的过程中,物流服务必须同步跟上。

这两家的共同点是:出海的是能力,不只是包裹。技术、仓储、供应链解决方案,复制难度高。但两条路也都不好走,国际物流市场早有巨头盘踞,DHL、FedEx、UPS的全球网络沉淀了几十年,中国物流企业的海外网络仍在建设期。

通达系的出海,整体上还处于跟随状态,且各家深度不一。

圆通是通达系里出海步子迈得最大的一家,也是唯一一家拥有自有航空机队的民营快递企业。截至2025年底,圆通航空航线已基本覆盖亚洲主要区域和东欧部分区域,据悉其已拥有13架飞机,累计开通160多条货运航线;但投入也是有代价的:2025年全年资本开支超86亿元,是通达系中最高的,其中相当一部分投向了国际和航空能力建设。

其余三家更为保守:中通在2014年就成立了中通国际,而目前通过收购的中国东方快递有限公司提供跨境服务,在东南亚、非洲等地也有布局,但从年报的篇幅和数据来看,国际业务对整体收入贡献有限;

申通背靠阿里系和菜鸟,国际业务可以跟着平台节奏走,好处是有流量和资源支撑,坏处是自主性有限;韵达的国际业务产品线最全,专线、小包、仓储、转运都有,但规模比较小,至今没有成为战略重心。

这三家共同的问题是:出海的口号喊了多年,动作也都有,但成绩单上还没有真正拿得出手的数字。

数字之外,现实往往更复杂。

从2026年一季度的数据来看,利润的普遍回升说明政策确实在发挥作用,但市场竞争远未回归平静。

七家公司正在上演不同的剧本:顺丰体量最大但利润较薄,三千亿营收背后是3.6%的净利率;中通营收“垫底”利润却最高,18.5%的净利率让同行望尘莫及;圆通靠运输降本稳住了通达系第二的位置;韵达量价落后,是七家中唯一利润大幅倒退的;申通还在为双网协同买单,散单增长是亮点;极兔中国微利但东南亚利润池稳固,新市场实现扭亏;京东物流埋头建供应链,外部客户占比越来越高......

现在,战场从国内延伸到了全球,规则从价格变成了能力。谁能在更大的棋盘上走出自己的路,才能在未来拥有更多话语权。

注:文/定焦One团队,文章来源:定焦One,本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:定焦One

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