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2025闭店榜(下):奢侈品撤退 谷子店降温 谁最难?

蒙嘉怡 2026-06-09 10:47
蒙嘉怡 2026/06/09 10:47

邦小白快读

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本文梳理了2025年国内线下零售各业态的关店数据和行业变化,能帮普通读者快速了解当下消费市场的整体走向,核心干货如下:

1.核心公开数据:2025年国内至少有4.54万家连锁品牌门店关闭,其中鞋服行业关店超1.02万家,主流奢侈品关店35家,书店关闭108家,影院关闭93家,二次元线下门店关闭31家,整体线下零售增速仅2.65%,远低于线上增速。

2.行业变化规律:大众休闲服饰持续收缩,专业运动户外品类表现相对坚挺;奢侈品关掉非核心区域小店,转而在核心城市开大型旗舰店,同时加码线上渠道;实体书店和影院受成本上涨、内容供给不足多重挤压持续闭店;前两年火爆的谷子店等二次元门店快速降温进入洗牌期。

3.整体趋势:当前线下消费正处于挤泡沫、市场出清的结构性调整阶段,行业发展会越来越贴近真实消费需求。

本文梳理了2025年线下关店潮背后的消费趋势和品牌战略调整经验,能给各品类品牌商提供不少参考,核心干货如下:

1.消费趋势变化:当下消费需求已经发生转变,服饰领域从过去追求“穿得好看”转向“穿得合适”,大众休闲服饰对Z世代吸引力持续下滑,专业户外、功能性服饰的需求持续上涨,品牌需要及时调整产品结构适配需求。

2.渠道建设启示:奢侈品行业“缩铺精耕”的战略值得参考,即关掉非核心区域、低店效的小店,向核心城市核心商圈收缩,开大店、旗舰店承担品牌展示、定制服务功能,同时加码线上渠道直接触达高净值用户,对冲市场波动。

3.风险提示:线下门店需要提前测算坪效,警惕租约到期后租金上涨的压力,同时要避免产品同质化,提前布局细分需求,防范线上分流带来的渠道冲突问题。

本文梳理了2025年线下关店潮背后的市场变化,明确了当前的风险点和机会方向,对线下卖家有较高参考价值,核心干货如下:

1.整体市场环境:2025年国内消费市场仍在挤泡沫,线下零售额增速仅2.65%,远低于线上8.6%的增速,整体线下商圈客流不足,本次关店潮是市场出清的过程,留下来的商家会获得更理性的发展空间。

2.需要警惕的各类风险:大众休闲服饰卖家要面对库存高企、线上线下渠道冲突、传统商圈客流下滑的问题;线下二次元门店要面对IP授权成本高、产品同质化严重、线上购物分流冲击的问题;所有线下卖家都要注意租约到期后租金上涨挤压利润的风险。

3.可把握的机会方向:专业运动、户外功能性服饰是当前的增长赛道,卖家可以调整门店结构,加码专业品类;可参考奢侈品的模式,精简低效门店,聚焦核心位置提高单店店效,同时同步布局线上渠道触达用户。

本文梳理了终端消费和渠道的变化,能给生产端工厂带来产品方向和数字化转型的相关启示,核心干货如下:

1.产品生产和设计需求变化:终端消费已经从追求大众化、广谱性款式转向功能性、细分需求,大众休闲服饰整体需求收缩,专业户外、功能性运动服饰的需求持续上涨,工厂可以调整生产侧重,匹配细分市场的需求。

2.可把握的商业机会:当前下游品牌都在进行渠道结构调整,关掉低效门店,加码核心门店和线上渠道,市场对高性价比、品质稳定的功能性产品需求提升,工厂可以深耕细分品类,打造自身的供应链优势,对接下游品牌的新需求。

3.数字化和电商转型启示:线上渠道对线下的分流效应非常明显,过去传统加盟模式导致的渠道冲突问题越发突出,工厂可以尝试直接对接线上渠道,减少中间环节,同时可以关注Z世代聚集的二次元周边等细分市场,避开同质化竞争,挖掘新的增长空间。

本文梳理了当前线下零售行业的痛点和发展趋势,能给面向零售行业的服务商明确业务方向,核心干货如下:

1.行业发展趋势:当前线下零售正处于结构性调整、市场出清的阶段,泡沫挤出后,品牌方对精细化运营、降本增效的服务需求会大幅提升,相关服务市场有较大的增长空间。

2.行业核心客户痛点:线下零售品牌普遍面临客流下滑、租金上涨、坪效不足、线上线下渠道冲突、用户粘性不足的问题;实体书店面临出版行业价格乱象、线上购书挤压的问题;影院面临原有收入结构崩塌、优质内容供给不足的问题;二次元门店面临IP授权成本高、产品同质化严重的问题。

3.解决方案开发方向:服务商可以针对线下品牌开发坪效优化工具、私域用户运营方案,帮助品牌协调线上线下价格体系,还可以针对书店、影院开发新的营收模式设计,帮助线下商家降低固定成本,提高抗风险能力。

本文梳理了线下各业态的发展变化,能给线下商业平台、电商平台带来招商、运营、风险规避的相关启示,核心干货如下:

1.品牌对平台的新需求:品牌已经从过去追求大规模铺点扩张转向追求精细化运营,对位置、坪效、流量匹配的要求更高,平台需要调整自身的招商和运营逻辑适配新需求。

2.招商和运营调整方向:前两年很多线下购物中心扎堆引入二次元街区吸引客流,现在该赛道已经供给过剩进入洗牌期,平台要规避盲目扩张同质化赛道的风险;当前奢侈品品牌需要核心城市的核心位置开大店,专业运动品牌需要拓展专业品类门店,这类是优质的招商方向。

3.风险规避提示:线下平台要注意租约到期后的租金调整问题,不合理的高租金会导致大量业态无法持续经营,合理控制租金才能留住优质品牌;电商平台可以抓住奢侈品、二次元周边品牌线上化转型的需求,拓展相关品牌招商,挖掘新增量。

本文提供了2025年中国线下零售关店潮的完整统计数据和案例,对研究中国消费结构转型有较高的资料价值,核心干货如下:

1.产业新动向:2025年中国消费市场仍处于挤泡沫的调整阶段,线下零售增速远低于线上,各业态出现明显结构性分化,大众休闲业态持续收缩,专业户外功能性品类保持增长;奢侈品行业开启“缩铺精耕”的战略性调整,线下二次元业态从快速扩张进入洗牌阶段,线下书店影院持续式微。

2.产业层面新发现的问题:线下业态普遍面临租金上涨、客流下滑、线上分流的系统性冲击;出版行业的价格乱象进一步挤压实体书店的生存空间;影院行业原有依赖票房、广告、会员卡的收入结构接近崩塌,同时面临优质内容供给不足的问题;二次元线下门店存在IP授权成本高、产品同质化严重的结构性矛盾。

3.研究启示:本次关店潮是线下零售结构性调整的市场出清过程,后续产业发展会越来越贴近真实消费需求,可进一步研究细分赛道的分化规律和新模式的演化方向。

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Quick Summary

This article summarizes store closure data and industry changes across China's offline retail sectors in 2025, helping general readers quickly grasp the overall direction of the current consumer market. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Core public data: At least 45,400 chain-brand stores closed across China in 2025, including more than 10,200 in the apparel and footwear sector, 35 mainstream luxury stores, 108 bookstores, 93 cinemas, and 31 offline anime/manga-themed stores. Overall offline retail grew by just 2.65%, far outpaced by online growth.

2. Industry shift patterns: Mass-market casual apparel continues to contract, while professional sports and outdoor categories remain relatively resilient. Luxury brands are closing small stores in non-core locations to open large flagship flagships in top-tier cities, while ramping up their online channels. Physical bookstores and cinemas continue to shut down amid pressure from rising costs and insufficient content supply. Once-booming offline anime-themed 'guzi' (merchandise) stores have cooled rapidly and entered a consolidation phase.

3. Overall trend: Offline consumption is currently in a structural adjustment phase of deleveraging and market clearance, and industry development will increasingly align with actual consumer demand.

This article unpacks consumer trends and strategic adjustment insights behind the 2025 wave of offline store closures, offering actionable references for brands across all categories. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Shifting consumer trends: Consumer demand has evolved. In apparel, the priority has shifted from "looking good" to "fitting needs properly." Mass-market casual apparel is steadily losing appeal among Gen Z, while demand for professional outdoor and functional apparel continues to rise. Brands need to adjust their product mix to match this new demand landscape.

2. Channel development takeaways: The "right-size and refine" strategy adopted by the luxury industry offers a useful model: close low-productivity small stores in non-core areas, consolidate presence in core business districts of major cities, and open large flagship stores to fulfill brand display and customized service functions, while expanding online channels to directly reach high-net-worth users and hedge against market volatility.

3. Risk warnings: Offline stores must calculate per-square-meter productivity (rent per square meter) in advance, prepare for rent increases when leases expire, avoid product homogenization, proactively target niche demand, and mitigate channel conflict caused by online diversion.

This article sorts out market shifts behind the 2025 wave of offline store closures, clarifying current risks and opportunity areas, making it highly valuable for offline sellers. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Overall market environment: China's consumer market is still in a deleveraging phase in 2025. Offline retail grew by just 2.65%, far below the 8.6% growth recorded online. Overall foot traffic in offline commercial districts remains weak. This wave of store closures is a market clearance process, and remaining players will gain space for more rational development.

2. Key risks to watch: Mass-market casual apparel sellers face high inventory, channel conflict between online and offline operations, and declining foot traffic in traditional commercial districts. Offline anime-themed stores face high IP licensing costs, severe product homogenization, and competition from online shopping. All offline sellers should prepare for profit erosion from rent increases when existing leases expire.

3. Opportunity areas to leverage: Professional sports and functional outdoor apparel is a current growth track. Sellers can adjust their store portfolio to double down on these professional categories. Following the luxury industry model, sellers can streamline low-efficiency stores, focus on high-quality locations to improve per-store productivity, and build out parallel online channels to reach consumers.

This article outlines shifts in end consumer demand and retail channels, offering insights for product direction and digital transformation for upstream manufacturing facilities. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Shifts in product design and manufacturing demand: End consumer demand has moved from mass-market, one-size-fits-all styles to functional, niche offerings. Overall demand for mass-market casual apparel is contracting, while demand for professional outdoor and functional athletic apparel continues to grow. Factories can adjust their production focus to match the needs of these niche markets.

2. Business opportunities to capture: Downstream brands are currently adjusting their channel structures by closing inefficient stores and investing more in core locations and online channels. This has lifted demand for cost-effective, consistently high-quality functional products. Factories can deepen their focus on niche categories, build competitive supply chain advantages, and meet the new needs of downstream brands.

3. Digital and e-commerce transformation insights: The diversion effect of online channels on offline business is very pronounced, and channel conflict caused by the traditional franchise model has become increasingly prominent. Factories can test direct-to-online distribution to cut out intermediaries, while exploring niche markets such as anime merchandise popular among Gen Z to avoid homogenized competition and unlock new growth.

This article summarizes current pain points and development trends in the offline retail industry, helping retail-focused service providers clarify their business direction. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Industry development trends: Offline retail is currently in a phase of structural adjustment and market clearance. After excess is wrung out of the market, brands' demand for fine operation, cost reduction and efficiency improvement services will rise sharply, creating substantial growth room for related service markets.

2. Core pain points of industry clients: Offline retail brands broadly face declining foot traffic, rising rents, insufficient per-square-meter productivity, online-offline channel conflict, and low user stickiness. Physical bookstones struggle with price chaos in the publishing industry and competition from online book retailers. Cinemas face the collapse of their traditional revenue structure and insufficient high-quality content supply. Anime-themed stores face high IP licensing costs and severe product homogenization.

3. Solution development directions: Service providers can build per-square-meter productivity optimization tools and private domain user operation solutions for offline brands, and help brands coordinate pricing systems across online and offline channels. They can also design new revenue models for bookstores and cinemas, helping offline merchants cut fixed costs and improve risk resilience.

This article summarizes development shifts across offline retail sectors, offering insights for recruitment, operation and risk management for offline commercial platforms and e-commerce platforms. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. New brand demands on platforms: Brands have shifted from pursuing large-scale rapid expansion to focusing on refined operations, with higher requirements for location, per-square-meter productivity and traffic matching. Platforms need to adjust their recruitment and operation logic to adapt to these new demands.

2. Adjustment directions for recruitment and operation: Many offline shopping malls rushed to build anime-themed blocks to attract foot traffic over the past two years, but the sector now faces oversupply and has entered a consolidation phase. Platforms should avoid the risk of blind expansion into homogenized tracks. Currently, luxury brands need large store spaces in core locations of major cities, and professional sports brands are looking to expand specialized category stores — these are high-priority recruitment targets.

3. Risk management guidance: Offline platforms need to manage rent adjustments when leases expire; unreasonably high rents make it impossible for many operators to sustain business, so keeping rents at reasonable levels is key to retaining quality brands. E-commerce platforms can capitalize on the online transformation demand from luxury and anime merchandise brands, expand recruitment in these categories and unlock new growth.

This article provides complete statistics and case studies on the 2025 wave of offline retail store closures in China, offering significant source value for research on China's consumer structure transformation. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. New industry trends: China's consumer market remained in a deleveraging adjustment phase in 2025. Offline retail growth was far lower than online growth, and clear structural divergence emerged across sectors: mass-market leisure formats continue to contract, while professional outdoor and functional categories maintain growth. The luxury industry has launched a strategic "right-size and refine" adjustment, offline anime formats have shifted from rapid expansion to consolidation, and offline bookstores and cinemas continue to decline.

2. Newly identified industry-wide problems: Offline formats broadly face systemic pressure from rising rents, declining foot traffic and online diversion. Price chaos in the publishing industry has further eroded physical bookstores' operating space. Cinemas' traditional revenue structure relying on box office, advertising and memberships has nearly collapsed, and the sector also struggles with insufficient high-quality content supply. Offline anime stores face structural challenges of high IP licensing costs and severe product homogenization.

3. Research insights: This wave of store closures is a market clearing process for structural adjustment in offline retail. Future industry development will increasingly align with actual consumer demand, and further research can explore the divergence pattern of niche tracks and the evolution direction of new business models.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

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导读:超1.02万家鞋服,百家书店、影院消失。

蒙嘉怡丨作者

薛向丨编辑

壹览商业丨出品

2025年,中国消费市场仍在挤泡沫。

国家统计局数据显示,2025年,社会消费品零售总额50.12万亿元,同比增长3.7%,较2024年3.5%的增速小幅回升。其中,全国网上零售额15.97万亿元,同比增长8.6%。据此计算,线下零售额约34.15万亿元,同比增长2.65%,增速明显低于整体水平。

线下增长乏力,在门店端更为直观。壹览商业数据显示,2025年至少有4.54万家连锁品牌门店宣布关闭,涉及超过100家企业。这其中既有沃尔玛、永辉超市、华润万家等大型渠道商,也有森马、海澜之家、太平鸟等服饰品牌。

从细分业态看,2025年关闭的门店中,超市有1369家,百货、购物中心132家,茶饮、咖啡门店超1.73万家,服饰门店超1万家,除此以外,便利店、奢侈品、书店、影院等业态关店超1.76万家。

在《2025门店关闭榜(上):超1369家超市,1.7万家茶咖门店消失了》一文中,我们聚焦商超、百货、茶咖、烘焙与黄金几个典型业态,他们门店的变化更多受制于成本与供给,那么本篇的五个行业,则更深刻地反映了消费偏好的迁移、品牌战略的调整,以及内容供给与基础设施之间的错配。

1

大众品牌持续收缩,专业运动相对坚挺

壹览商业数据显示,2025年,鞋服行业关闭门店超1.02万家。

大众休闲品牌是关店的绝对主力。森马关闭1455家,海澜之家关闭874家,太平鸟关闭688家,美邦服饰关闭44家,奥康国际关闭767家,红蜻蜓关闭572家,九牧王关闭256家,七匹狼关闭243家。

这些品牌的门店多位于传统百货和商业街,SKU宽泛但缺乏鲜明风格,客群以70后至90初为主,对Z世代的吸引力持续下降。

更深层的原因在于库存高企与渠道冲突。大众服饰品牌过去依赖加盟商快速扩张,但当线上渠道以更低价格销售时,加盟商的利润空间被严重挤压。与此同时,租金并未明显下降,而商场客流却在减少,关店成为止损的唯一选择。

与大众品牌的持续收缩形成对比的是,专业运动与户外品牌表现相对坚挺。安踏体育关闭161家,探路者关闭200家,牧高笛关闭37家,三夫户外仅关闭4家。

这些品牌受益于露营、徒步、马拉松等户外运动热潮,消费者对功能性服饰的需求在增长。李宁、特步等品牌也在调整门店结构,关闭低效的大众休闲店,加码跑步、篮球等专业品类。

鞋服行业的分化,本质上是消费从“穿得好看”向“穿得合适”转变。

2

奢侈品战略性撤退

服饰行业的另一端,是奢侈品战略性撤退。

2025年,主流奢侈品品牌至少关店35家,其中Bottega Veneta关闭10家门店,GUCCI关闭6家,Lanvin关闭4家门店。这些门店多位于一线城市的核心商圈,如上海芮欧百货的巴黎世家、北京华贸中心的阿玛尼、上海尚嘉中心的CHAUMET。

一方面,奢侈品的线下渠道正在从“铺点”转向“精耕”。奢侈品品牌正在精简二线城市的门店网络,甚至完全撤出某些城市,向核心城市的核心地段和核心商圈收缩,通过做大单个门店店效的思路来对冲市场整体的波动。

华丽志发布的《奢侈品牌中国活力榜2025H1》报告显示,2025年上半年,奢侈品牌在中国新开门店的数量同比下降38%,非一线城市只有42间奢侈品牌新店开业,比2024年上半年大幅减少48%,降幅远远大于一线城市。

另一方面,奢侈品也在加码线上渠道,通过微信小程序、品牌官网直接触达高净值客户。2024年,LVMH就把Tiffany和尚美搬到了天猫,目前,LVMH旗下已经有30家个品牌进了天猫。

值得关注的是,在关店潮的另一面,奢侈品品牌也在加大对旗舰店和大店的投入。2025年以来,Louis Vuitton、Dior、Miu Miu、YSL等多个品牌在北京、上海、深圳等城市接连开出全球最大、亚洲最大级别的旗舰店。这类门店展示品牌文化、提供定制服务的功能增强,还能制造更高的传播效应。

奢侈品品牌的关店,与其说是“撤退”,不如说是关掉不赚钱的门店,开更少但更赚钱的门店。

3

书店与影院:内容与成本的双重挤压

2025年,独立书店与连锁书店同步撤退,共关闭108家门店。

独立书店方面,长沙的止间书店、信阳的白鸟书店、成都的荒原书店、上海的半层书店均已关闭。连锁书店同样未能幸免:西西弗矢量咖啡关闭56家,新华文轩关闭4家,内蒙新华关闭10家,茑屋书店、钟书阁也有闭店。

书店关闭原因是多方面的。一方面,相较于实体书店,线上购书在价格、种类、售后方面更有优势;另一方面,电子读物的盛行影响实体书籍的销售。

最为关键的是,出版行业内的乱象尚未停歇。壹览商业了解到,出版社的图书销售一般有两个渠道,一是以高校、新华书店为主的主渠道,二是以灰色产业为主的二渠道,“按斤卖”以及“特价书”便是通过二渠道流到市面上的。部分出版社还会将同一本书的版权授权给电子书,多方挤压之下,价格乱象愈发明显。

除此以外,过去十年,购物中心为了吸引客流,给书店提供了极低的租金甚至免租政策。当租约到期后,租金回归市场价,书店的坪效根本无法覆盖,只能关闭。

与书店一同式微的,还有电影院。壹览商业数据显示,2025年共关闭93家影院。其中,横店电影城关闭18家,金逸影城关闭14家,中影影城关闭14家,万达影城关闭7家。此外,CGV影城、卢米埃影城、博纳国际影城、UME影城、保利国际影城等品牌均有门店关闭。

据猫眼研究院数据,2025年全国观影人次12.38亿,虽有超过20%的涨幅,但很大程度上受到《哪吒之魔童闹海》单片的拉动。人均观影1.94部,同比下滑11%;清明、五一和国庆档票冠影片体量同比大幅下滑。剔除《哪吒之魔童闹海》,2025年整体影片长线指数同比下降。

影院以往收入主要来自票房、广告、会员卡现金流和场租。随着自媒体的崛起,广告收入几乎归零;第三方票务平台消灭了大部分会员卡现金流;同时,上游优质影片供给不足,观众对内容质量的要求日益提高,地缘政治因素也影响到国外影片的引进,票房也逐渐下滑。

这几项曾经支撑影院的收入来源接近全军覆没,而房租、水电、设备维护、人工等固定成本却无法削减。同时,疫情期间不少影院靠降租维持,但租约到期后,业主将租金涨回市场价,影院无法承受,中小影城抗风险能力弱,率先退出。

影院的闭店潮是否会在2026年止住,答案取决于两个变量:一是优质内容的供给能否持续回升;二是影院能否找到降本增效的运营模式。至少在2025年,答案并不乐观。

4

二次元洗牌

2023年到2024年,二次元业态如谷子店、扭蛋店、IP周边店经历了一轮快速扩张。购物中心争相引入“二次元街区”,试图吸引年轻客流。但到了2025年,这个赛道迅速进入洗牌期。

壹览商业数据显示,2025年共关闭31家二次元线下店,潮玩星球关闭13家,漫库关闭6家,三月兽上海百联ZX店关闭,万代扭蛋专卖店上海百联ZX店关闭。

这些关闭的门店,绝大多数位于购物中心的核心位置,租金高昂。而二次元门店的主要受众为青少年,消费能力有限,客单价偏低,复购依赖于核心粉丝的“为爱发电”。

问题在于,IP授权成本高企,商品同质化严重。大多数店铺卖的都是《鬼灭之刃》《咒术回战》《排球少年》等热门动漫,以及国产乙游的周边,产品重合度极高。消费者可以在多个店铺买到几乎相同的商品,价格透明,比价意识强,导致门店难以建立价格壁垒和用户黏性。

而且,二次元门店极度依赖线下客流。2025年购物中心的整体客流并未恢复至预期水平,而年轻消费者的线上购物习惯已经固化,在B站会员购、淘宝、闲鱼上购买谷子,不仅价格更低,还能淘到稀缺款。线下门店的“即时获得”优势,在快递次日达的冲击下变得不再突出。

二次元热度的降温,本质上是供给过剩与需求增速放缓之间的矛盾。这个赛道还会存在,但粗放开店的阶段已经结束。

2025年的线下消费市场,正在经历一场深刻的结构性调整。每一次关店,都是一次市场出清。泡沫被挤掉之后,留下来的企业和业态,将更加理性、更接近真实需求。这或许不是一个坏消息。

注:文/蒙嘉怡,文章来源:壹览商业(公众号ID:yilanshangye ),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:壹览商业

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