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2025门店关闭榜(上):超1369家超市 1.7万家茶咖门店消失了

蒙嘉怡 2026-06-05 14:42
蒙嘉怡 2026/06/05 14:42

邦小白快读

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本文是2025年国内线下连锁门店闭盘盘点的上篇,梳理了各细分业态的闭店数据与行业变化,总结了当前线下消费市场的整体趋势,核心干货如下:

1.核心数据:2025年国内至少有4.54万家连锁品牌门店关闭,其中超市1369家,茶咖门店超1.73万家,服饰超1万家,9家上市黄金企业合计关闭4966家门店。

2.业态变化趋势:传统商超百货全线收缩,硬折扣新业态正在填补空白快速扩张;茶咖是关店重灾区,头部万店品牌动态优化点位,腰部品牌承压明显,独立小店因成本问题批量退出;黄金行业金价大涨,但线下门店因首饰消费下滑、库存风险大量关店;连锁烘焙遇冷,定制化私房蛋糕走红。

3.整体方向:当前消费市场正在挤出过去积累的泡沫,业态逐步向贴合真实消费需求的方向调整。

本文梳理了2025年线下各细分业态的闭店情况与兴衰逻辑,总结了消费趋势与渠道变化,对品牌商布局业务有较高参考价值,核心内容如下:

1.消费趋势变化:整体线下零售增速明显低于线上,市场正处于挤泡沫出清阶段;黄金领域出现结构性分化,投资需求大幅上涨,首饰消费显著下滑;消费者越来越看重高性价比、新鲜度与产品独特性,定制化需求提升。

2.渠道布局启示:传统商超百货因租金上涨、坪效不足大幅收缩,硬折扣业态成为新的增长风口,多个头部零售玩家已经在加速布局该赛道。

3.产品研发方向:茶咖烘焙领域,多品类复合型门店已经成为行业转型共识,传统连锁以产定销的标准化模式越来越难适配当下需求,品牌需要针对性调整生产与研发逻辑。

本文披露了2025年线下零售各业态的闭店数据,梳理了各业态的兴衰逻辑,能帮助线下卖家识别风险、抓住市场机会,核心干货如下:

1.风险提示:传统大卖场、线下百货、腰部茶咖品牌、独立咖啡馆、连锁烘焙、线下黄金门店都面临较大的出清压力,闭店潮背后核心原因包括租金人力成本上涨、坪效不足、线上渠道挤压、库存风险高等,新入场卖家需要避开传统重资产模式的坑。

2.机会提示:硬折扣超市赛道正在快速扩张,属于当前的增长型赛道;小体量私房定制烘焙契合消费者对新鲜、独特产品的需求,小卖家灵活度更高,有较大的生存空间。

3.可借鉴经验:头部万店茶品牌通过关闭旧点位、更换优质点位实现动态优化,多品类复合经营可以提升门店抗风险能力,卖家可参考这类模式调整自身经营策略。

本文梳理了2025年零售终端的业态变化,反映出终端消费需求的变动方向,对生产端工厂调整布局、推进转型有参考意义,核心内容如下:

1.产品生产与设计需求变化:终端消费越来越追求高性价比、新鲜度和定制化,对交付时效的要求更高,传统大规模标准化生产模式已经很难适配小批量、定制化的终端需求,工厂需要调整生产逻辑。

2.商业机会:硬折扣超市赛道快速扩张,对高性价比标准化产品有大量需求;黄金领域投资类产品需求大幅增长,相关生产工厂可以针对性调整产能布局,抓住新的需求增量。

3.数字化转型启示:终端零售正在从以产定销转向以销定产,要求生产端能够联动前端销售数据灵活调整产能,倒逼工厂推进全链路数字化改造,打通生产和终端销售链路,降低库存浪费。

本文梳理了2025年零售各业态闭店潮背后的痛点与行业发展趋势,能帮助To B零售服务商挖掘客户需求,找到业务方向,核心干货如下:

1.行业发展趋势:线下零售整体处于挤泡沫出清阶段,传统业态持续收缩,新业态整体往折扣化、多品类复合化、小体量定制化方向发展。

2.客户核心痛点:传统连锁烘焙企业想要转型以销定产,缺乏全链路联动的数字化系统,现有改造成本与管理难度过高;线下门店普遍面临租金人力成本上涨、坪效提升难的问题;黄金加盟商面临高金价带来的库存资金压力;中小独立门店缺乏供应链成本优势。

3.业务机会方向:服务商可以针对性开发轻量级全链路数字化零售系统,降低传统连锁的转型门槛;还可以为中小门店提供整合式供应链服务,降低采购成本,也可针对黄金行业开发库存风险管理相关服务。

本文披露了2025年线下零售业态的变化,梳理了各类商户的需求与现存问题,对线下零售平台调整招商运营策略、规避风险有参考价值,核心内容如下:

1.商户核心需求与问题:传统百货商超因物业租约到期后租金大幅上涨,单店坪效无法覆盖成本,导致大量闭店,现有租金体系不符合当前商户的盈利水平;线下黄金门店受线上投资黄金渠道冲击,大量关店,线上平台在高性价比投资品领域优势明显。

2.风险规避:平台需要避开传统大卖场、腰部茶咖、连锁烘焙等出清风险较高的业态,不要盲目扩张此类商户的招商规模。

3.运营调整方向:平台可以加大对硬折扣店、定制化私房小店等新业态的招商扶持力度,适配当下的消费趋势;同时针对多品类复合门店的经营需求,调整场地规划与配套服务,帮助商户提升单店坪效。

本文整理了2025年中国线下零售各主要业态的闭店统计数据,梳理了各业态的变化逻辑,呈现了当前消费市场的新动向与新问题,对产业研究有较高的资料价值,核心内容如下:

1.产业新动向:整体消费市场进入挤泡沫阶段,线下零售增速显著低于线上,传统通路业态大幅收缩,硬折扣业态成为新的增长热点;茶咖行业进入深度洗牌阶段,头部品牌完成点位优化,腰部品牌承受更大压力;黄金行业呈现投资需求线上化、首饰消费下滑的结构性分化。

2.商业模式新变化:多品类复合门店成为茶咖烘焙行业的主流转型方向;小体量定制化商业模式展现出更强的适应性,击败了连锁标准化大规模商业模式,反映出消费需求从标准化向个性化的转变。

3.待研究方向:市场出清后新业态的长期盈利能力、传统连锁企业数字化转型的落地路径等,都是值得深入研究的产业新问题。

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Quick Summary

This article is the first installment of our 2025 year-end review of China's offline chain store closures. It compiles store closure data and industry changes across segmented retail formats, and summarizes the overall trends shaping the current offline consumer market. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Core data: At least 45,400 chain-branded stores closed across China in 2025, including 1,369 supermarkets, over 17,300 tea and coffee shops, more than 10,000 apparel stores, and 4,966 stores closed by nine listed gold jewelry companies combined.

2. Format evolution trends: Traditional supermarkets and department stores are shrinking across the board, with the new hard discount format rapidly expanding to fill the gaps they leave. Tea and coffee is the hardest hit by store closures: top 10,000-store brands are dynamically optimizing their location portfolios, mid-tier brands face intense pressure, and independent small shops are exiting in batches due to rising costs. Even with surging gold prices, the gold jewelry sector saw widespread store closures, driven by sliding jewelry demand and elevated inventory risks. Chain bakeries have fallen out of favor, while custom private cake businesses have grown in popularity.

3. Overall direction: The consumer market is currently squeezing out泡沫 accumulated over past years, and retail formats are gradually adjusting to better align with actual consumer demand.

This article reviews 2025 store closure data and the rise-and-fall dynamics of offline retail across segmented formats, summarizes evolving consumer trends and channel shifts, and offers actionable insights for brand business planning. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Shifting consumer trends: Overall offline retail growth is significantly outpaced by online growth, and the market is in a phase of泡沫 correction and capacity exit. The gold sector is seeing structural divergence: investment demand has risen sharply, while jewelry consumption has declined notably. Consumers increasingly prioritize value for money, freshness and product uniqueness, driving growth in demand for customized offerings.

2. Implications for channel strategy: Traditional supermarkets and department stores are shrinking sharply due to rising rent and underperforming gross margin per square meter, while hard discount retail has emerged as a new high-growth segment, with multiple leading retail players already accelerating their expansion into the space.

3. Guidance for product R&D: Multi-category hybrid stores have become a widely agreed transformation direction for the tea, coffee and bakery sectors. The traditional make-to-stock standardized model adopted by most chains is increasingly mismatched with current demand, and brands need to adjust their production and R&D strategies accordingly.

This article discloses 2025 store closure data across offline retail formats and outlines the factors driving each sector's growth or decline, helping offline sellers identify risks and capture market opportunities. Key insights are as follows:

1. Risk warnings: Traditional hypermarkets, offline department stores, mid-tier tea and coffee brands, independent cafes, chain bakeries and offline gold jewelry stores all face significant capacity exit pressure. The core drivers behind the wave of closures include rising rent and labor costs, low space efficiency, competition from online channels and inventory risks. New entrants should avoid the pitfalls of traditional asset-heavy business models.

2. Opportunity notes: The hard discount supermarket segment is expanding rapidly and is currently a high-growth track. Small-scale custom private bakeries align well with consumer demand for fresh, unique products, offering small sellers greater flexibility and ample room to operate.

3. Actionable best practices: Leading 10,000-store tea brands achieve dynamic portfolio optimization by closing underperforming locations and relocating to high-quality sites. Multi-category hybrid operation improves a store's risk resilience, and sellers can adjust their own operating strategies with this model as a reference.

This article reviews format shifts at the 2025 retail end, reflects changing direction of end consumer demand, and offers reference for manufacturers to adjust layout and advance transformation. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Shifts in product manufacturing and design demand: End consumers are increasingly pursuing cost-effectiveness, freshness and customization, with higher requirements for delivery lead time. Traditional large-scale standardized production no longer meets the small-batch, customized demand from the retail end, forcing manufacturers to adjust their production logic.

2. New business opportunities: The fast-growing hard discount supermarket segment has massive demand for cost-effective standardized products. In the gold sector, demand for investment-focused products has grown substantially, and relevant manufacturers can adjust their capacity allocation accordingly to capture new demand growth.

3. Insights for digital transformation: Offline retail is shifting from a production-push model to demand-pull operation, which requires manufacturers to flexibly adjust capacity based on front-end sales data. This forces factories to implement end-to-end digital transformation, connect production and retail sales links, and reduce inventory waste.

This article reviews core pain points behind the 2025 wave of offline store closures and broader industry trends, helping B2B retail service providers identify customer needs and align their business strategies. Key insights are as follows:

1. Industry trends: Offline retail as a whole is in a phase of泡沫 correction and capacity consolidation, with traditional formats continuing to shrink and new formats evolving toward discounting, multi-category hybridization, and small-scale customization.

2. Core customer pain points: Traditional chain bakery companies looking to shift to demand-driven production lack end-to-end connected digital systems, and existing transformation comes with excessive costs and management complexity. Offline stores broadly face rising rent and labor costs paired with difficulty improving space efficiency. Gold franchisees face inventory funding pressure driven by record-high gold prices. Small and medium-sized independent stores lack the supply chain cost advantages of large players.

3. New business opportunity areas: Service providers can develop lightweight end-to-end digital retail systems to lower the transformation barrier for traditional chains. They can also offer integrated supply chain services for small and medium-sized stores to cut procurement costs, and develop dedicated inventory risk management services for the gold sector.

This article discloses shifts in 2025 offline retail formats, outlines needs and existing challenges of different merchant groups, and offers reference for offline retail platforms to adjust their merchant recruitment and operation strategies and mitigate risks. Key takeaways are as follows:

1. Core merchant needs and challenges: A large share of closures among traditional department stores and supermarkets are driven by massive rent hikes after lease expiration, where per-store sales can no longer cover operating costs, meaning existing rent structures are misaligned with current merchant profit levels. Offline gold stores are closing in large numbers amid competition from online investment gold channels, where online platforms hold a clear advantage in offering cost-effective investment products.

2. Risk mitigation: Platforms should avoid sectors with high exit risk including traditional hypermarkets, mid-tier tea and coffee brands and chain bakeries, and refrain from blindly expanding merchant recruitment in these categories.

3. Operational adjustment directions: Platforms can increase recruitment support for new formats such as hard discount stores and custom private small shops to align with current consumer trends. They can also adjust space planning and supporting services to meet the operational needs of multi-category hybrid stores, helping merchants improve per-store space efficiency.

This article compiles store closure statistics for major offline retail formats in China in 2025, sorts out the logic of format changes, and presents new trends and emerging issues in the current consumer market, offering valuable reference data for industrial research. Key insights are as follows:

1. New industry trends: The broader consumer market has entered a phase of泡沫 correction, with offline retail growth significantly lagging online, traditional distribution formats shrinking sharply, and hard discount retail emerging as a new growth hotspot. The tea and coffee industry has entered a period of deep consolidation: leading brands have completed location portfolio optimization, while mid-tier brands face growing pressure. The gold sector is seeing structural divergence, with investment demand moving online and jewelry consumption declining.

2. New business model shifts: Multi-category hybrid stores have become the mainstream transformation direction for the tea, coffee and bakery sectors. Small-scale customized business models have demonstrated stronger adaptability than large-scale standardized chain models, reflecting a broader shift in consumer demand from standardization to personalization.

3. Directions for future research: The long-term profitability of new formats after market consolidation, and the implementation paths for digital transformation among traditional chain enterprises, are new industry questions that deserve in-depth research.

Disclaimer: The "Quick Summary" content is entirely generated by AI. Please exercise discretion when interpreting the information. For issues or corrections, please email run@ebrun.com .

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导读:商超收缩、茶咖洗牌,2025谁最难?

蒙嘉怡丨作者

薛向丨编辑

壹览商业丨出品

2025年,中国消费市场仍在挤泡沫。

国家统计局数据显示,2025年,社会消费品零售总额50.12万亿元,同比增长3.7%,较2024年3.5%的增速小幅回升。其中,全国网上零售额15.97万亿元,同比增长8.6%。据此计算,线下零售额约34.15万亿元,同比增长2.65%,增速明显低于整体水平。

线下增长乏力,在门店端更为直观。壹览商业数据显示,2025年至少有4.54万家连锁品牌门店宣布关闭,涉及超过100家企业。这其中既有沃尔玛、永辉超市、华润万家等大型渠道商,也有森马、海澜之家、太平鸟等服饰品牌。

从细分业态看,2025年关闭的门店中,超市有1369家,百货、购物中心132家,茶饮、咖啡门店超1.73万家,服饰门店超1万家,除此以外,便利店、奢侈品、书店、影院等业态关店超1.76万家。

本文为壹览商业年度闭店盘点系列的上篇,聚焦商超、百货、茶咖、烘焙与黄金几个典型业态。

商超百货全线收缩,新渠道崛起

最先感受到线下寒意的,是传统商超与百货。

如果说2024年超市行业的关键词是“调改、关停、卖卖卖”,那么2025年,传统大卖场进一步式微,硬折扣业态正式崛起。

壹览商业数据显示,2025年,超市业态共关闭1369家门店,既有华润、沃尔玛、物美、大润发这类全国性企业,也有地利生鲜、美特好、北国超市等区域性品牌。

其中,永辉关店数量最多,2025年关闭381家门店,每天至少关闭1家门店;其次为中百集团,关闭了30家大卖场、260家社区超市;联华超市紧随其后,关闭153家门店。

百货业态的处境更为严峻。2025年全年共有65家百货歇业,多个地标性老店谢幕,如兰州西单商场、北京燕莎友谊商城金源店、兰州新世界百货。外资标杆同样出现撤离,重庆老佛爷百货、成都伊藤洋华堂绿地店、北京永旺梦乐城丰台店均已关闭。

其中,“租约到期”是这些百货闭店的主要原因。如北京贵友大厦、兰州西单、六盘水国贸等项目。长期租赁物业到期后租金往往大幅上涨,加上多数百货已运营超过15年、物业设施老化,单店坪效无法覆盖上涨后的租金成本,续约即亏损,闭店便成为理性选择。

然而,传统渠道收缩的同时,新的零售形态正在填补空白。中百集团积极布局硬折扣门店,联华超市在浙江区域孵化折扣业态,奥乐齐、京东折扣超市、美团小象超市也在加速扩张。盒马则在2025年关闭了所有仓储会员店,集中资源发展“盒马鲜生”与“超盒算NB”两大业态。壹览商业数据显示,截至5月中旬,超盒算NB已在全国21座城市开出507家门店。

茶咖烘焙大洗牌

从关闭规模来看,茶咖是2025年关店的重灾区。

壹览商业数据显示,全年茶饮与咖啡品牌共关闭门店超过1.73万家。其中,瑞幸咖啡关闭1612家,蜜雪冰城关闭2527家,沪上阿姨关闭1383家,古茗关闭652家,喜茶关闭610家,书亦烧仙草关闭1712家,奈雪的茶关闭165家。

此外,一批曾经热门的中小品牌也大规模关店甚至退出市场:Seven bus至少关闭60家,COSTA咖啡关闭82家,马伍旺饮料厂退出杭州、seesaw退出苏州、咖灰正式关闭。

一方面,头部品牌加速分化。蜜雪冰城、瑞幸等万店级品牌虽然关店绝对数量高,但其基数庞大,关店率相对可控,且关店后往往在更优位置新开门店,实现动态调整。而书亦烧仙草、益禾堂、7分甜、茶话弄等腰部品牌,关店数量与自身门店规模相比占比更高,承受着更大的压力。

另一方面,独立咖啡馆批量退出。如杭州的村口大树、武汉的山池咖啡、北京的云醒咖啡、德阳的Archi CAFE等。高昂的租金与人力成本、客流量不及预期、缺乏供应链优势,是这些单店难以持续的根本原因。

在竞争压力下,各大品牌纷纷转型复合型门店,在茶饮基础上加配咖啡、烘焙、零食多品类。如古茗、甜啦啦、蜜雪冰城等品牌上线咖啡产品,茉莉奶白、茶话弄、茶颜悦色推出包装零食,瑞幸、库迪、星巴克、奈雪的茶、喜茶等品牌更是在门店上线蛋糕、面包产品。

这种“什么都做”的策略,在丰富产品线的同时,也加剧了烘焙市场的竞争压力。壹览商业数据显示,2025年至少关闭225家烘焙门店,面包新语、欢牛蛋糕屋等品牌全面关停。

然而,与连锁品牌的萧条形成鲜明对比的是,在小红书上,年轻人们组织起“杀糕团”。所谓“杀糕团”,是指私房蛋糕因预约难、份量大而衍生出的消费形式,多人各预定一个不同款式的蛋糕,然后在指定时间轮流切块试吃。

连锁烘焙与私房蛋糕的一冷一热,折射出商业模型在当下的消费逻辑中逐渐失效。

首先,连锁烘焙普遍采用“以产定销”模式,根据历史数据估算产量,统一生产、统一配送,导致保质期与新鲜度的矛盾难以调和。而私房蛋糕店多采用预定制,先下单、后制作,几乎不存在库存浪费。

其次,连锁品牌系统反应能力迟滞。若转向“以销定产”,需要构建一整套覆盖全链条的数字化系统,从前端点单、后端生产到物流配送,每一个环节都要实时联动。对于规模化企业而言,这牵涉巨大的改造成本与管理难度。相反,小型私房店因为规模小、链路短,能够快速响应、灵活调整。

最后,连锁烘焙要做到当天配送、确保新鲜,意味着凌晨就要生产、清晨就要配送,物流成本远高于私房店的同城跑腿。一旦销售不及预期,便面临“做得多浪费、做得少缺货”的两难困境。

私房蛋糕的高客单价与稀缺性,恰好满足了消费者对“新鲜”“独特”“可晒”的多重需求。当市场给出明确信号时,连锁烘焙的收缩也就不足为奇了。

黄金大热,门店大缩

2025年,国际金价震荡上扬,涨幅达到50%,创下1979年以来最大的涨幅。投资需求持续高涨,金条、黄金ETF卖爆了,金饰消费却显著下滑。根据中国黄金协会数据,2025年,黄金首饰消费同比下降31.61%,金条及金币消费却同比增长35.14%。

这种分化直接反映在门店端。2025年,9家上市黄金企业共关闭门店4966家。其中,中国黄金关闭1141家,周大生关闭964家,周大福关闭896家,老凤祥关闭499家,周六福关闭602家,潮宏基关闭178家,豫园股份关闭663家。

那么,高金价为什么反而导致黄金门店关闭?

第一,金价上涨抑制了首饰消费。黄金首饰的定价通常包含较高的工费和品牌溢价,当金价快速上涨时,终端首饰价格随之飙升,消费者倾向于观望或转向低克重产品,甚至直接购买金条替代。

第二,加盟商在高金价下承受巨大的库存风险。黄金品牌门店需要维持一定规模的现货库存,金价高位运行时,补货占用大量资金;一旦金价回调,库存价值缩水,亏损直接由加盟商承担。许多加盟商因此选择保守经营,甚至提前关店止损。

第三,投资型黄金产品线上渠道的挤压。银行APP、电商平台销售的金条、积存金等产品,价格透明、手续费低,且无需承担门店租金与人工成本。而线下门店赖以生存的首饰业务,又因高金价遇冷,两端受压。

商超、百货、茶饮、咖啡、烘焙与黄金,这六个业态在2025年的关店潮中各有各的原因,但背后是市场出清过去积累的泡沫,留下来的企业和业态将更加贴近真实需求。下篇将继续分析鞋服、奢侈品、书店、电影院与二次元五个业态,这些领域更多折射出消费偏好的迁移与品牌战略的调整。

注:文/蒙嘉怡,文章来源:壹览商业(公众号ID:yilanshangye ),本文为作者独立观点,不代表亿邦动力立场。

文章来源:壹览商业

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